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NESUG 1990 Papers - Index

52 papers. Source: NESUG (Northeast SAS Users Group) conference proceedings.

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1 A Management Information Systems Using SAS at the Bureau of Computer Services Data Center Craig Andree management reporting, mis 3
2 A SAS Software-based System for Tracking Clinical Study Case Record Forms Utilizing Bar Codes Jules Bosch The volume of clinical swdy case record forms which accumulates during the life of a clinical study can be considerable; the number of pages may vary from a few hundred to 10,000 or more. Identifying and tracking these individual pieces of paper with a man ual filing system can be tedious and imprecise, par ticularly when summary-level information such as a progress or stalllS report is needed. With the application of SAS~ software products, bar code labels, and bar code readers, a whole new array of benefits may accrue to clinical professionals re sponsible for reporting on the location and stalllS of case record forms, including: a dramatic reduction in the time needed to generate accurate periodic progress reports the ability to produce automated tranSmittals to cover case record form pages being re turned t :> the study sites for clarification * the ability to see at a glance the stallls of case record form pages clinical trial, dataset 8
3 A Window-based Graphis Toolkit Using SAS/IML Charles B. Hallahan As a matrix programming language, SAS/IML is a natural language for statistical and mathematical ap plications. However, IML can be used for much more. With commands available for dataset manipu lation, window control, high resolution graphics, moduJe definition and dynamic creation of IML statements * complex, yet easy to use, programs can be written in the IML language. This tutorial will demonsttate the versatility of IML by developing a menu-driven graphics toolkit called GTOOLS. Some general guidelines will be given for doing similar projects character variable, dataset 5
4 Advanced Input Techniques Judith H. Mopsik,
Jeffrey Phillips		 input statement, list input, column input, formatted input, named input, missing value, sas log, character variable, dataset 8
5 An Introduction to FSEDIT Marge Scerbo,
Steven H. Feder		 proc step, where statement 4
6 An Introduction to SAS Consulting From a Business Perspective Robert A. Butler sas consultant, sas base 7
7 An Introduction to SAS/GRAPH Software For New or Nervous Users Neil H. Howard How would you like to make graphics an inlegral pan of your everyday reporting? A picture is still worth a thousand words and tables, and SAS/GRAPH al lows user- friendly creation of presentation and in fonnation graphics. This tutorial illustrates simple, logical processes to move from number crunching tabular reportS to emphatic, concise graphical dis plays with no pain! It will address the basic details of SAS/GRAPH that will enable the use to make a quick transition from base product reporting facilities to graphics procedures. Malerial from the Color Graphics I course taught by the SAS Institule will be presented throughout the body of this paper proc step, proc gchart, proc freq, proc gplot, bar chart 8
8 An Introduction to the SAS Macro Language Gary L. Katsanis macro variable, proc print, &variable, proc step, macro definition, macro loop, macro function, macro facility, macro parameter, %if-%then-%else 9
9 Application Development in SAS/FSP John W. Davison Jr. With the FSEDIT, FSBROWSE, and FSPRINT pro cedures, SAS/FSP affords the means for improved prodyctivity through online entry and viewing of SAS data. This is greatly enhanced by SAS Version 6 Screen Control Language, available now in all environments. It is even more effective when cou pled with SAS/ ~with its facilities for menus, lists, online help, CBT, and extended tables. The focus of this tutorial is on SCL application development in SAS/FSP, with examples drawn from actual applica tions. Alternative approaches using SAS/AF are also discussed. 1.0 Introduction With the introduction of SAS/FSP we gained a facil ity to examine and modify data through a full screen interface embodying the means to design displays specific to the application. From its inception through SAS Version 5 the mainframe version had litt.le mod ification, but Version 6.03 on desktop computers introduced the SAS Screen Control Language proc step, dataset 8
10 Basics of the INPUT Statement Robert Virgile input statement, raw data, dataset, character variable, numeric variable, missing value 7
11 Buffering The SAS System VSAM Performance Headaches Michael A. Raithel TheVirtualStorageAccessMethod(VSAM)hashad a strong and popular career since it was introduced by mM in 1973. It is the cornerstone of online applications such as IMS and CICS, and is widely used in vendor paclcages and batch applications. Its flexibility and internal data management have made it an access method of choice. Those who choose to use VSAM can significantly improve their programs efficiency by properly man aging the VSAM buffers. There is a specific meth odology for detennining what kind, and how many VSAM buffers· to allocate to a program. If used correctly, this buffering methodology will greatly reduce program CPU time and disk I/O's and lead to better job turnaround time. The SAS System allows programmers to load, read, and update VSAM ftles sas programmer, cpu time 7
12 Building a Case for Alternative Storage Devices and Modeling ther Performance Jeff Denton Most data centers continue to experience increased demand for costly disk space. Manual tape mounts and tape volumes have been increasing as well. With the rising costs of labor, decreasing data center bud gets, and floorspace constraints, cost-effective alter native storage devices and more aggressive archival strategies should be considered. This paper Fribes a simulation analysis developed using SAS and SMF data to model the effects of better archival policies on DASD and tape subsys tems utilizing a mid-level of storage. In addition, the model includes lhe effects on the subsystems when small tape datasets are migrated to DASD. The re sults are then used as input to build financial models to determine lhe most cost- effective solution. I will show that you can do this without resorting to resource intensive studies. A few straight-forward SAS programs and a PC can allow you to build a very persuasive case 4
13 DCL Standards for SAS Applications Running on VMS Host Computers John Vizard This paper outlines a methodology of pre-program ming the VMS host environment for SAS processing that is used in repeatedly similar applications. It suggests subdirectories,logicals, and symbols stan dards for starting-up new SAS applications quicldy, providing standard wort environments among programmers' multiple V ~ accounts batch processing, dataset 6
14 Developing a SAS/AF System for Statistical Process Control (SPC) Applications Melissa A. Durfee Utilizing SAS/AF menu capabilities, a customized system for Statistical Process Conlrol (SPC) appli calions and basic statistical analyses mat, be devel oped. This system incorporates SAS~ for con structing Shewhartconlrol charts, SASIFSP11 for dis playing and storing con1rol limits, SAS/GRAP~ for constructing multi-vari charts and con1rol charts with high-resolution graphics, and base SAS11 for statistical analyses and comparisons. Since a menu based system is user friendly, the usage of SPC, including its problem-solving techniques, is facili tated proc step, dataset, data science 6
15 Edit-checking: A SAS Based System for Logically Editing Patient Data Records Maria K. Wills data validation rules, macro variable, audit trail 6
16 Efficiency Techniques for Improving I/O and Processing Time in the DATA Step Neil H. Howard Saving money is UppeJlllOSt in the minds of DP managers, and the SAS System is certainly a "pro grammer efficient" tool: minimal SAS code is re quired to perform traditionally code intensive tasks. Gratification and and results are immediate. A familiar quote suggests that the SAS System is easy to use, and just as easy to abuse. Because the SAS System is becoming increasingly popular as a devel opment tool, it is essential to evaluate techniques for its effective use. This tutorial will defme efficiency, suggest factors to be considered in measuring effi ciency, and provide comparisons of techniques that improve efficiency. A primary area where the SAS System can be used more effectively is 1/0. It should be noted that over ?<J% of the processing time in any given program mvolves reading and/or writing data (reference 1). This tutorial will illustrate how to avoid unnecessary 1/0, minimize passes of the data, and control read write loops proc step, proc format, dataset, raw data, put statement, conditional do loop, set statement, sample, list input, input statement, proc means, cpu time 9
17 Efficient SAS Software Programming: A New Synthesis Jean Hardy Much has been written about efficient SAS software programming techniques. Over two dozen papers have been presented in SUGI and NESUG conferen ces and many more tips are scattered throughout the Institute documentation. This paper synthesizes tech niques found in the literature. It also replicates, with Release 6, efficiency tests previously done with ver sion 5 and adds many new ones. Topics discussed include reading and writing raw data, impact of vari able attributes, taking control from the SAS supervi sor, efficient use of constants and arrays, DATA STEP programming variable and observation selection, ~anagement of datasets, table lookup techniques, direct access to SAS datasets, sorting, computing cpu time, dataset, proc step, data step, set statement, raw data, lookup, character variable, numeric variable, feature selection, if-then-else, subsetting if, proc means, input statement 8
18 Enhancing SAS/GRAPH Output - ANNOTATE, Metagraphics, NOTES Michael S. Zdeb,
Patrick J. Roohan		 proc step, proc gplot 8
19 Exact Nonparametric Inference: Theory, Applciations and Software Cyrus R. Mehta proc freq, null hypothesis, sample, degrees of freedom, likelihood function, exact test, chi-square distribution, nominal variable, numeric variable, monte carlo, odds ratio, probability distribution, fisher exact test 16
20 Getting Started with SAS/AF Howard Levine proc step, dataset, catalog entry, macro variable 7
21 Handling Data Exclusions in a Clinical Trials DBMS Thomas R. Hoffman macro variable, clinical trial, missing value, laboratory data, macro definition, clinical data, if-then-else, response variable, proc step, sample, %if-%then-%else 10
22 How MERGE Really Works Robert Virgile proc sort, dataset, set statement, out=, length statement, merge statement, proc step 7
23 Humanizing the SAS Interface Veronica Fasullo,
Kita Garrido		 The procedures in SAS/ ~software are easy to use. Today, with the increased power of Version 6 soft ware, more and more interactive systems will be written that utilize SAS/ AF and the extraordinary capabilities of Screen Control Language. Through use, the programmer's skill with the soft ware will increase. However, an "error free" SAS/AFPROGRAMISOFNOVALUETOANYONEIFPROBLEMS or frustrations occur for the user as a result of poorly sequenced menu structure, inadequate instructions or poorly designed screens. Designing an interactive system without consideration for the people using it is asking for trouble. This tutorial suggests two techniques for maintaining consistency in the design of the screens for an inter active system: creating a metaphor dictionary and establishing standard screen layouts proc step, class variable 5
24 Improving SAS System Support at a Large Site Bruce F. Gilsen,
Berton Shankman		 libname statement, sas base 5
25 Mastering the Invaluable PROC TABULATE James Sannerud proc step, proc tabulate, class variable 5
26 Parsing a Compound Boolean Condition to Evaluate Its Clauses Individually and in Logical Groups Daniel M. Himmel macro variable, data step, proc hpsplit, macro definition 9
27 Preparing Capacity Plans Destined for Upper Management John Carroll capacity planning, batch job 2
28 Presentation Techniques L. Jean Ussery Making presentations to others is both challenging and exciting. There are a number of factors involved in presenting information that can significantly affect your success. Obviously, you must get the participants' attention for them to retain the information you're presenting. The following proven techniques for establishing rappon, observing and interpreting attendees' reac· lions, using visual aids, handling difficult situations, dealing with various personalities, and fielding ques· lions give you the tools you need 10 meet any speak· ing challenge. Whether you present to a group or on a one-to-one basis, the tips offered here help you speak effectively and help attendees assilmilate your information readily. The art of presentation is not easy, but with practice and self-evaluation, you can develop your communi· cation and presentation skills so that attendees not only learn from you, but enjoy the experience and rate you a top speaker put statement, excel 12
29 PRIME System, a PC-SAS Application Used as a Tool to Analyze and Improve Many Aspects of Work Performance Aiman M. Zeid macro variable, dataset, macro facility 8
30 PROC REPORT: An Introduction and Overview Ray Pass The purpose of this paper is to presel!t an overview and introduction for users of the SAS~ System (Re lease 6.06) to a new procedure, namely PROC RE PORT. As this is a brand new procedure which is still evolving, the timeliness. accuracy and complete ness of the information contained in this paper (the written version) is an approximation at best As of the writing of this paper (August, 1990), SAS Insti tute has disbibuted Experimental Release 1 ofPROC REPORT to all Release 6.06 sites (Experimental Release 2 has been sent to all sites that specifically requested it), with the proviso that the product as released IS an experimental version. This proviso is EXTREMELY important; working with either re lease is a frustrating, but enticing, promise of things to come, only a short way down the road. In fact, the warning you are presently reading may be totally obsolete by the time this actual address is given at NESUG '90 in November, 1990 proc report, proc step, proc print, class variable 4
31 Ragged Matrices, Real-Time Arragys and Other Novel Concepts Frederick E. Pratter proc step, lookup, proc format, data step, proc sort 7
32 Regression Analysis In The Real World Edith Flaster regression analysis, correlation, predictor variable, proc step, response variable, outlier, proc reg, proc univariate 7
33 Sample Selection Using the RANNUNI Function Jimmy Thomas Efird A measure of randomness utilizing the Discrete Range Statistic is developed and tested on a set of random samples generated by the RANUNI function inSASe sample, ranuni 5
34 SAS Macro Language Features for Application Development Earl R. Westerlund The SAs macro language has many uses. One use is to facilitate development of applications and sys tems. This talk will discuss some features of the SAS macro language that are useful to application devel opers. Topics to be discussed include: Application development features such as windows, statement style macros, and the autocall facility The bows, whys and whens of macro quoting Options and statements that aid in macro debugging. This talk assumes a basic knowledge of SAS macros and macro variables. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author, and not representative of Eastman Kodak Company macro facility, proc step, proc print, macro variable, macro definition, %if-%then-%else, macro quoting function 6
35 SAS Software Performance In the Personal Computer Environment Donald R. Deese,
John D. Ebner		 The SAS Institute has ported a number of SAS soft ware products to the personal computerenvirooment. The SAS System Version 6 for Personal Computers potentially offers an inexpensive and convenient in telaCtive environment at the wolkstation level. How ever, the potential advantages of the SAS System for Personal Computers can be achieved only if you have a proper microcomputer configuration, use proper supporting software, and select proper SAS conflgu ration options. This paper describes benchmark re sults illustrating the performance improvements that can be obtained using properconflgurations, support ing software, and SAS configuration options proc step, proc sort, proc freq 9
36 Say It With Math: Streamlined and Modularize Your SAS Data Step Code with Algorithms Michael C. Hein data step, character variable, macro definition 4
37 Screen Control Language - An Invaluable Tool in Application Development David S. Septoff Screen Control Language (SCL) is a programing language that provides functions and routines to con trol fields on windows and screens to manage the windows and screens that make up an application. With SCL, the SAS e programmer can perfonn real-lime cross-validation of vari ables control the application and interact with the SASSystem control access to, and obtain infonnation from, SAS dala libraries control communication in an application. * control error handling and provide messages specific to the application This tutorial demonsttates that SCL provides the power and flexibility needed to build all types of applications, from simple programs that accomplish a few tasks to sophisticated SAS systems exception handling, data cleaning 6
38 Solving Business Needs as a Team Roger L. Crouce sample, data governance 7
39 Taming the Lab Data Monster: Applying Data-Driven Programming Techniques to Clinical Laboratory Data Brit Minor macro variable, laboratory data, proc step 4
40 Teaching the SAS Programming Language to Programmers and Non-Programmers Wendy London proc step, sas programming, sas programmer 7
41 The Grand Allicance: Using TSO/E CLIST and REXX Command Languages in the SAS Program Development Cycle Hallett German extract, temporary dataset 4
42 The Many Faces of Format Igor Choodonovskiy The use of SASCII fonnats and infonnats can add power and flexibility to your programming. ~t is a fonnat? Does it actually change lhe data or JUSt affect lhe look of it? Are you limited to SAS defmed formats or can you create your own? Why do you need SAS date formats? This paper answers lhese questions and outlines many of the uses and pitfalls of various aspects of format In addition it includes many tips on possible applications such as reading data into SAS data sets and grouping variables by value. Advanced topics such as pennanent storage of user-defined fonnats and table look-up techniques are also introduced proc step, dataset, proc format, format statement, sysdate9, proc freq 4
43 The Painless Path to Release 6.06 of the SAS System Robina G. Thornton,
John C. Boling		 This paper addresses two main issues. The required changes for !IPPlication conversion from VersionS of the SAS111 System to Release 6.06 is addressed first Next, selected new features available in Re lease 6.06 of the SAS System that are not required for.app~cation conversion but can enhance theappli ca~on m terms of efficiency, maintainability, or re quired development time are discussed proc step, dataset, proc sql, proc sort, index creation, sas base, where statement, sas library 9
44 The SAS Supervisor - A Version 6 Update Donald J. Henderson,
Merry G. Rabb,
Jeffrey A. Polzin		 This tutorial updates a talk given at previous SUGis that discussed the functions of the SAS supervisor during the compilation and execution of a SAS DATA STEP program. Under Version 6 of the SAS System, Ute SAS supervisor provides interface ser vices at a higher level than before, and its primary activity in this context is to determine whether a DATA or PROC STEP is being invoked. Once in voked, the DATA STEP controls its own environment during both compile and execution phases. This tutorial presents a logical model describing both the compile and execution time actions oftheDAT A step processor by group processing, dataset, set statement, keep statement, merge statement, update statement, where statement, sample, conditional do loop, drop statement, proc step, missing value, output, data standard, index, variable list 11
45 The SAS System under OS/2 Sarah Darden filename statement, libname statement 4
46 The SAS System under UNIX Operating Systems and Derivatives Sally J. Painter ~ operating systems and derivatives offer many features that are quite powerfuJ. Coupled with extensive capabilities oflhe SAS System, a powerful tool for data analysis and management has been created. This paper will introduce features of UNIX operating systems and derivatives and features of the SAS System that combine to form a unique data processing task file statement, filename statement 3
47 Understanding PROC UNIVARIATE Statistics Wendell F. Refior normal distribution, missing value, standard deviation, proc univariate, proc step, data science, sample 5
48 Using PROC SQL In Data Management Applciations Merry G. Rabb The inii'Oduction of PROC SQL in Release 6.06 provides the SAS~ applications developer with a powc:rlul new data management tool. When deter mining what coding rechniques are to be used in a production application, you may want to consider PROC SQL as an alternative to traditional SAS Data and PROC STEP methods. Using examples based on real applications, this paper compares using PROC SQL with other techniques and presents guidelines for the use ofPROC SQL and SQL views proc sql, proc step, dataset, create table, cpu time 9
49 Using REXX to Build a Front-end User Interface Han-li Lee This paper presents the UISSP (UI Social Suppon Programs) System, a menu-driven reporting system using IBM's REXX (Restructured EXtended eXecu tor) language, base SAS e, and SAS/FSP e (SAS version 5.18 under CMS operating system) for the United lliuminating Company, an electric utility company located in New Haven, Connecticut. The System uses the REXX to write a front-end user interface to the SAS System. It creates new files, updates existing files, and produces reports. This paper shows the techniques used for building such a user-friendly reporting system. It will also compare the use of REXX and SAS/ AF in building menu driven systems 5
50 Using SAS/ASSIST Software to Develop End-User John McIntyre SAS/ASSIST softwaR: is a comprehensive11 user friendly access path to the power of the SAS Sys lern. One of the capabilities within SAS/ASSIST software is EIS Builder, a menu-driven sys1ern for the development of push-button applications. This paper will describe the use of EIS Builder to create a user-defined menu for access to customized repon ou1put Customized Information Systems The development of a customized information sys lern involves some amount of planning. Usually, an end-user requesting a custom built sySiern has some idea of the kind of information typically used for their work. If they do not, then some form of request traclcing of information sources may be a good frrst step. With the knowledge of data needs in hand, the appli· cation programmer can begin assembling the parts of the application, beginning with locating the re quested data, massaging it into usable form and designing the presentation medium for the end-user catalog, data science 5
51 Using Statistical Visualization as a Tool in Continuous Process Improvement Gregg A. Spindler,
Kalman J. Gyimesi		 Statistical methods have gained greater use in manu facturing industries during the 1980s. In particular, Statistical Process Conlrol (SPC), with its graphical nature, bas much intuitive appeal for non- statisti cians. Simple exploratory analysis and more ad vanced statistical methods such as Design of Exper iments, Regression and Multivariate Statistics can also provide useful tools in IJ'Oubleshooting and op timization. The advent of software products with graphical user interfaces and spreadsheet data man agement can be used to increase use of statistical regression analysis, histogram, scatter plot, correlation, response variable, proc princomp 5
52 Working with Arrays Ronald P. Cody do loop, array, variable, numeric variable, input statement, missing value, temporary array, data step, proc step 8

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