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BUGSSUGI 1999 Papers - Index
304 papers. Source: SAS Users Group International conference proceedings.
| # | Title× | Authors× | Abstract× | Keywords× | Extras | Pages |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | %FREQ1VAR: Frequency of One Variable with Format: a Macro to Standardize PROC FREQ Output Data Sets | Ronald J. Fehd | SAS software provides the ability to associate formats, or look up tables, with variables in a data set. Encapsulating the format labels in a summary data set provides a complete and independent set of information about a variable to other procedures. This macro was written to standardize summary data sets and bring them into conformance with data sets produced by Fehd's (1997) CHECKALL and SHOWCOMB macros, which provide information about multiple response data. The standardized data sets, or objects, have the same structure and are used for quick and concise reporting of summary information of large survey questionnaire data sets. Their identical structure enables easy access by other | character variable, macro variable, label statement, %if-%then-%else | source | 3 |
| 2 | 14 Steps to a Good GUI | John E. Bentley | Creating a graphical user interface is clearly very different from writing program code, but with SAS/AF , FRAME Entries, and Screen Control Language the user interface and program code can be almost indistinguishable. This makes SAS application development easier and faster. Programmers, unfortunately, usually do not have visual design training so too often the result is a clumsy interface running powerful code. Luckily, there are straight-forward methodologies for GUI design that can be easily implemented. Drawing primarily on the work of consultant and author Susan Fowler, this paper will present an overview of a 14- step methodology for designing a good GUI. No experience with application development is required although it would be helpful |
excel, audit trail | source | 6 |
| 3 | A Batch System with Windows 95 | William J. Coar | The purpose of the batch system is to automate the use of the SAS System in a PC environment with the users connected via a LAN. The system has been implemented in the Data Management process, from data review to generation of tables and listings. The system developed is a set of DOS batch files located in the search path of executable files on a network. This provides any user the ability to use the batch files when they log onto their computer. A major requirement is to make the system independent of the user. Additionally, using a batch system allows you to perform multiple tasks while other programs are running. The following is a fairly simple system of batch files that mimic running SAS batch on a mainframe, and help simplify day to day SAS programming | sas batch, options statement, macro variable | source | 4 |
| 4 | A Fast Format Macro How to Quickly Create a Format by Listing the Endpoints | Christine A. Smiley | Have you ever needed to create a format for a variable that required a large number of ranges? If so, you have probably discovered how tedious the use of PROC FORMAT can become. This paper illustrates a macro that can create a numeric format easily and quickly using SAS software. The method used by the macro and the logic behind it are explained. The CNTLIN option in PROC FORMAT is described |
proc format, proc step, conditional do loop, macro call, character variable, lag function, character functions, proc freq, macro definition | source | 4 |
| 5 | A General Gibbs Sampling Algorithm for Analyzing Linear Models Using the SAS System | Daniel J. Sargent, Jayawant N. Mandrekar, Paul J. Novotny, Jeff A. Sloan |
sample, proc mixed, prior probability, markov chain, mcmc, monte carlo, anova, clinical trial, posterior probability, regression analysis | source | ||
| 6 | A Generalized Rounding Alternative | Jeff P. Palmer | It is important to understand the consequences of using the ROUND function in the SAS System. By default, numbers with a trailing 5 are rounded away from zero (i.e., 0.15 to 0.2 and -0.25 to -0.3), neglecting any numerical precision errors that a computer's hardware limitations may introduce. In some instances, this type of rounding can lead to an overestimation of the true mean of a set of numbers, as illustrated by the simulation described in this paper. The macro code presented in this paper eliminates this bias by randomly rounding up or down, depending on the outcome of a normally distributed random variable | numeric functions, sample | source | 3 |
| 7 | A Health Care Claims Data Mart: Construction and Exploitation | Stuart B. Levine, Marge Scerbo |
Health care claims data are complicated animals. The eccentricities of this data include differences in the types of claims files and the services which populate those files, variations in the type of providers who service the population and the information needed about each type of provider, and finally, the actual populations of health care recipients and all of their individual specifications. Being able to sort through all of this data (and there is usually a lot of it!) and answers queries from insurers, providers, analysts, etc., and other people within your organization can be a real challenge. In the past, the solution was to have people submit requests for one or more programmers to extract data and run analyses. The problem was twofold: programmers were overwhelmed with requests, and worse, the data and/or analyses requested were not the correct solution to the problem. This paper will highlight how this challenge was met through the development of a Data Mart | data mart, dataset | source | 7 |
| 8 | A Macro Tool to Search and Replace Portions of Text | Jennifer M. Lin | This paper describes a macro tool that searches character variables for specified text strings and replaces them with other text strings. This macro is especially useful if the search string occurs multiple times within different character values. For example, if you simply wanted to replace "ABD." with "ABDOMINAL", and you knew that in every instance the character value only contained one word, you could use a simple "if" statement to perform the search and replace (i.e., if text = "ABD." then newtext = "ABDOMINAL"). However, if "ABD." was present in multiple contexts - for instance, "ABD. CRAMPING", "ABD. ASCITES", "ABD. PAIN" -- then rather than identifying and creating a separate "if" statement for each scenario, it would be far simpler to use this macro tool. In the process of explaining the macro code, I will review the following SAS functions: INDEX, UPCASE, LENGTH, and | character variable, substr function | source | 4 |
| 9 | A Maintenance-Free Menu Drive Closure System | Stephen M. Noga | proc step, call symput | source | 6 | |
| 10 | A Process for Automatically Retrieving Database using ODBC and SAS/ACCESS SQL Procedure Pass-Through Facility | Leiming Li | We know that with the release of Release 6.10 or later, The | proc sql, sample, macro definition, %if-%then-%else | source | 4 |
| 11 | A SAS Macro to Analyze Data from a Matched or Finely Stratified Case-Control Design | Robert A. Vierkant, Terry M. Therneau, Jon L. Kosanke, James M. Naessens |
A matched case-control design is a common approach used to assess disease- exposure relationships, and is often a more efficient method than an unmatched design. However, for the valid analysis of such an approach, a modeling technique that incorporates the matched nature of the data is needed. This prohibits the use of a standard unconditional logistic regression analysis generally available in PROC LOGISTIC. A stratified conditional logistic model has the same flexibility as an unconditional model, yet can still take into account the correlation structure attributable to matching. This paper presents a SAS macro that fits a conditional logistic regression model to matched or finely stratified data using the PHREG procedure. The macro enhances standard PHREG output by producing |
regression analysis, logistic distribution, logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, predictor variable, likelihood function, macro definition, proc step, proc phreg, estimate, univariate analysis, proc freq, binary variable | source | 6 |
| 12 | A SAS Module/Macro Program for Computing Statistical Power Curves for Detecting Treatment Effect | David Olaleye | PowerReg is a user-written SAS macro program for computing statistical power and sample sizes necessary to detect a treatment effect given a variety of designs and sampling plans. This program adopts a computer-intensive approach for deriving statistical power curves for different ranges of sample size choice. Although the primary focus of the program is to obtain adequate sample sizes for testing the hypothesis of a given treatment effect difference, emphasis is also placed on the method to use to generate such statistical computations under special circumstances. We illustrate the use of the program with a data set collected from a clinical trial testing a new nutritional formula for low birth weight babies. Its functionality also covers carrying out a sensitivity analysis for a different magnitude of treatment effect difference and repeated analysis of the same data set after elimination of outliers. Results are presented in a simple-to-read tabular format | sample, sample size, treatment effect, outlier, dataset, regression analysis, power analysis, macro definition, effect size, proc reg, clinical trial, randomization, influential observation, %if-%then-%else | source | 6 |
| 13 | A SAS System: From CD to GIS Maps | Samuel D. Calhoun | if-then-else, proc step | source | ||
| 14 | A SAS/AF Application for Parallel Extraction, Transformation, and Scoring of a Very Large Database | Daniel Kohn, David Kuh |
This paper describes a SAS/AF application to extract large volumes of data in parallel from a multiple-terabyte RDBMS and directly populate a parallel SAS |
sample, parallel processing, proc sql, data mart, data mining, sas analyst, sas library, normalization, by group processing | source | 7 |
| 15 | A Simple Framework for Sequentially Processing Hierarchical Data Sets for Large Surveys | Richard L. Downs Jr., Pura A. Perez |
This paper explains a simple framework for applying traditional sequential processes (reformat, edits, imputation, etc.) to a hierarchical group of SAS data sets. The framework merges the data sets using a series of layered DATA STEP views. It then shows how users can write DATA STEP code that processes the merged data sets and outputs updated versions of one or more of those data sets. The DATA STEP code uses a macro to help dynamically create a keep option for each output data set. The DATA STEP then uses a combination of checking for last. variables and missing values to determine the proper time to output to each data set. This framework largely isolates the complexity of relating the data sets from the complexity of the actual process, it maintains the data set hierarchy, and eliminates the need for any post-process processing (all output data sets are complete at the end of the process DATA STEP) |
macro variable, proc sql, merge statement, proc step, create view, data step, missing value, left join, macro definition | source | 6 |
| 16 | A Simple SAS/AF Program to Manage SAS/CONNECT Sessions | David D. Chapman | The Census Bureau is a large organization with a varied and changing computing environment consisting of DEC clusters with Alpha and VAX computers, all types of UNIX workstations, WINDOWS/NT servers, and desktop PCs connected together with TCP/IP. For an individual connecting to a single remote computer, it is easy to use SAS/CONNECT. However, for individuals using many different computers and operating systems that sometimes require different script files with the same computer, it can be complicated and tedious. This simple SAS/AF program installed on the toolbar gives the individual user a point-and-click way to sign onto and sign off of different computers without knowing or remembering the IP address or script file name of the computer used. The user only needs to know the common name for the desired computer |
macro variable, catalog, dataset, proc step | source | 5 |
| 17 | A Table Production System That Meets the Challenges of Tomorrow Using SAS/AF Software and the Report Procedure | David R. Trenery | This paper describes a table production system of modular design to cope with change: changing sources of information, table production software, and management requirements. The modular design also enables individual pieces to be developed, tested and run in isolation. The core of this system is a standardised SAS data set, which contains one observation for each row of the table. This along with a report template (which has the style and layout of the table) is passed to the table production software. A control SAS data set drives the system and contains a table identifier, the name of the program that produces the standardised data set, the report template name along with additional information. An AF application acts as an interface to get information from the control set, run the program and sends the resulting data set and template name to the table production software. Draft tables are created using PROC REPORT |
proc report, proc step, dataset, excel | source | 6 |
| 18 | A Taste of SAS New Enhancements | Jiang Jin | A SAS coding job can be done differently by various SAS programmers in different levels. Those who catch SAS new enhancements can always produce more efficient SAS codes. The purpose of this paper is to present the flexibility of SAS New Enhancements by a group of examples which include using SYMPUT ROUTINE, SAS %SYSFUNC( ), host variables from PROC SQL, and CALL EXECUTE( ). It demonstrates the advantages and the differences between SAS New Enhancements and normal SAS coding technique |
proc step, proc report, proc sql, macro function, macro variable, macro definition, sas programmer | source | 3 |
| 19 | A Windowed Application for Efficient Access to Data Warehouse DB2 Data with PROC SQL Pass-Through Facility and Macros | James Yang | This paper is a follow up of a NESUG'98 paper (Yang 1998). Because of the attraction of its efficiency, macro %JOINDB2 has been revised to add the capability of joining flat files with DB2 tables for non-SAS users. Also, two macros %FLATOUT and %QUERYDB2 have been developed to enhance %JOINDB2. Based on these macros, a windowed application has been developed on MVS (OS/390) using SAS macro windows to improve the efficiency when joining/querying data warehouse data (DB2). It can be used by SAS programmers, non-SAS programmers, and users without any programming experience. It checks the validation of user i nput (including existence of files, tables, and columns), joins flat file/SAS data set with DB2 tables, queries DB2 tables, writes out flat file/SAS data set, creates file structure description and FOCUS master file description for output flat files, generates SAS codes (including JCL for batch job), etc | flat file, proc sql, data warehouse, proc step, macro function, dataset, batch job, create table, macro variable, data cleaning, macro loop, macro definition, %if-%then-%else | source | 6 |
| 20 | Achieving Graphical Excellence with SAS/GRAPH Software | Archer R. Gravely | This paper will integrate Tufte's (1983) principles of graphical excellence with the use of SAS/GRAPH to produce bar charts. The application of these principles will enable users to create presentations that communicate complex ideas with clarity, precision, and efficiency while avoiding the pitfalls of "chartjunk", graphical decoration, unintentional "optical art", and other forms of bad graphical design. Guidelines for choosing among tables, graphs, and text as presentation devices are also discussed. Graphical excellence with SAS/GRAPH requires the use of customization features such as NOTE and AXIS statements. Examples of customized bar charts that illustrate the principles of graphical excellence are provided. This paper is based on the book Your Guide to Survey Research Using the SAS System published by SAS Institute in 1998 |
bar chart, horizontal bar chart, proc step, proc gchart, proc freq, histogram, proc format, vertical bar chart | source | 6 |
| 21 | Adding Extensions to the SAS/Warehouse Administrator | Peter R. Welbrock | It is highly unlikely that any administrative tool for a data-warehousing project can functionally encompass all requirements. Each data- warehousing project is, by necessity, very different from all others. The SAS/WAREHOUSE Administrator (known as the Administrator through this paper), using the API available with Release 1.3, allows the designers of the data warehousing process to build their own extensions. This preserves one of the essential prerequisites of all data warehousing projects: that of flexibility. This paper covers the three major stages of adding an extension to the Administrator: * Recognizing the need to build an extension |
data warehouse, raw data | source | 10 |
| 22 | Adding Help and other User Assistance to SAS/AF Applications | Marty Tomasi | With the Nashville Project releases, SAS/AF software provides several new help-specific features that developers can use to add user assistance to their applications. This paper describes the use of the _help method in the Object class, the help attributes for objects and frames, the toolTipText attribute, and other attributes that are used for displaying different types of help. In addition, this paper looks at the different ways a developer can attach HTML-based help to their application, including a Web- based approach that allows for remote support of applications. Finally, this paper examines ways a developer can extend user assistance beyond simple help systems |
catalog, catalog entry, options statement | source | 6 |
| 23 | Adding the Where to the Who | Barry Hicks, Rob Stephens, Sanford Gayle, Jack Bulkley |
Part of knowing your customer, or prospect, is knowing where they live. The where can be used in reporting, data mining, and targeting your customers. A simple map showing your customers can be a powerful part of your reporting. Data mining can benefit at several stages, which are discussed in more detail below. Targeting customers can involve buying media. Many kinds of media, including newspapers, TV, and direct mail, can be used more effectively when you look at the areas covered by the media. This paper examines ways you can integrate spatial technology into your data warehousing and data mining strategies so that you can add the where to the who | data mining, kyc | source | 3 |
| 24 | Administering OLAP with SAS/Warehouse Administrator | Michael K. Burns | When building an OLAP application, there are a wide variety of strategies that can be used ranging from a simple summary table, or an MDDB with many crossings, to a HOLAP proxy with several associated MDDBs and summary tables. The process of building such a solution and getting it registered in a SAS/EIS metabase can be quite complex. Changing your strategy can be a lot of work. Now, there is an OLAP Wizard [1] available as an add-in tool for SAS/WAREHOUSE Administrator 1.3 [2] that greatly simplifies the process as well as allows you to change strategies. It builds and maintains an OLAP data group for you, and the associated code generator writes all of the PROC MDDB or PROC SUMMARY code to build the datastores. Finally, an associated metadata exporter registers it all for you in an SAS/EIS metabase |
class variable, star schema, proc step | source | 12 |
| 25 | Advanced DATA Step Topics | Neil H. Howard | Understanding the intricacies of the DATA STEP can make all the difference in your SAS programs. Since arrays, SAS dates, and testing SAS programs will be addressed in other papers, this talk will focus on the use of more advanced techniques to capitalize on the power of the DATA STEP and working with (and around) the default actions. Topics include: compile vs. execute, and organizing your data manipulations to maximize execution; data defaults and dealing with conversions, missing values, order and formatting; using functions for editing data, assigning values, shortening expressions, and performing table lookup; managing variable-length and odd input data; data management and effectively creating SAS data sets; the efficiency implications of different coding options; updating and merging; and more |
proc step, proc format, missing value, lookup, put statement, dataset, proc print, proc sort, sas log, if-then-else, retain, length statement | source | 10 |
| 26 | Advanced Features of PROC TABULATE | Thomas J. Winn Jr. | The hands-on workshop associated with this paper will provide participants with practical information regarding some advanced features of PROC TABULATE. It will include a review of the basic syntax for PROC TABULATE. It also will cover methods for customizing the appearance of tables generated by PROC TABULATE (formatting, modifying table outlining characters, removing separator lines, changing headings, and changing the width of cells), for using PROC TABULATE to compute and to display percentages and other quotients, and for using PROC TABULATE for displaying statistical results |
proc tabulate, proc step, class variable, proc freq, if-then-else, missing value, proc means | source | 6 |
| 27 | Advanced Methods to Introduce External Data into the SAS System | Andrew T. Kuligowski | The SAS System has numerous capabilities to store, analyze, report, and present data. However, those features are useless unless that data are stored in or can be accessed by the SAS System. This presentation will provide a brief introduction to many of the different | proc step, proc sql, dataset, sql pass-through, excel, filename statement, input statement, sample, character variable | source | 10 |
| 28 | Advances in Mathematical Programming and Optimization in the SAS System | Trevor D. Kearney | Optimization continues to grow in importance as the tools become more reliable and handle larger, more difficult problems. As a result, new applications with more variables and more complicated models are be- ing introduced. The SASâ System has numerous opti- mization routines which handle the standard problems such as linear and nonlinear programming, integer programming, network flows, linear and nonlinear re- gression with all types of constraints, as well as prob- lems with highly specialized structure, such as linear programs with embedded networks. These capabil- ities are exposed to the users in a variety of places such as in the procedures LP, NLP, NLMIXED, and IML, and in applications like neural networks and re- gression in Enterprise Miner software. This presenta- tion gives an overview of the optimization capabilities in the SAS System, how they are changing with the availability of important new techniques, and where they will be in future releases |
proc step, cpu time | source | 12 |
| 29 | Advances in Multiple Comparisons and Multiple T-Tests Using the SAS System | Peter H. Westfall, Randall D. Tobias |
covariance, multiplicity, correlation, null hypothesis, proc step, posterior probability, clinical trial, anova, proc genmod, macro definition | source | 9 | |
| 30 | Alternative Approach to Sorting Arrays and Strings: Tuned DATA Step Implementations of Quicksort and Distribution Counting | Paul M. Dorfman | source | 6 | ||
| 31 | An Application Developer's Roadmap for Moving to Version 7 in SAS/AF | Steven A. Wilson | Development of SAS/AF applications in Version 7 will be much different than in the current Version 6 of the SAS System. Even the name of the AF coding language has changed, from Screen Control Language to SAS Component Language, representing a more robust realization of an object oriented development environment. This change will impact all SAS/AF development groups as Versions 7, 8, and 9 are installed at sites throughout the globe. MAJARO InfoSystems, as a developer of SAS-based clinical software that is installed at many biotech and pharmaceutical companies, is acutely affected by these changes |
dataset, proc step, data cleaning | source | 6 |
| 32 | An Everyday Guide to Version 7 of the SAS System | Susan J. Slaughter, Lora D. Delwiche |
dataset, proc step, proc export, proc import, delimited file, proc print, sas output, sas log, sas base, file statement, options statement, missing value | source | 8 | |
| 33 | An Example of Using SAS/AF Data Table Class in Reviewing Clinical SAS Data Sets | Irene Zhao | Using SAS/AF as part of the quality assurance process in reviewing SAS data sets during a statistical analysis provides a quick solution to resolving data queries. A Graphical User Interactive (GUI) module based on a Data Table Object provides a convenient way to examine a SAS data set by pointing and clicking. The Data Table Class in SAS/AF with Screen Control Language (SCL) programming is very powerful in manipulating the way to browse SAS data sets. The example module called "Data Display" allows the user to browse data sets located on local disks or remote platforms such as Unix. The user can choose a data set to be viewed from a specified data library. The chosen data set is displayed by Data Table Object in a tabular format with multiple rows, in full size or a drill down subset by a value of a variable. This module consists of the following widgets: DATA |
dataset, libname statement | source | 5 |
| 34 | An Interactive GUI Front-End for a Credit Scoring Modeling System | Jeffrey Morrison, Futian Shi, Timothy Lee |
response variable, sample, regression analysis, dataset | source | ||
| 35 | An Introduction to PROC LOESS for Local Regression | Robert A. Cohen | This paper describes the LOESS procedure which is a new procedure in SAS/STAT |
ods output, output | source | 9 |
| 36 | An Introduction to PROC SQL | David E. Beam | PROC SQL is a powerful Base SAS PROC which combines the functionalit y of the DATA and PROC Steps into a single procedure. PROC SQL in many cases can be a more efficient alternative to traditional SAS code. PROC SQL can be used to retrieve, update, and report on information from SAS data sets or other database products. This paper will concentrate on SQL's s yntax and how to access information from existing SAS data sets. Some of the topics covered include: /G04Write SQL code usin g various styles of the SELECT statement. /G04Dynamically create new variables on the SELECT statement. /G04Use SQL options to control the appearance of reports. /G04Create multiple reports with a single PROC SQL statement. /G04Create reports containin g percenta ges usin g |
proc sql, proc step, select, group by, order by, proc sort, where statement | source | 10 |
| 37 | An Introduction to PROC SQL | David E. Beam | PROC SQL is a powerful Base SAS PROC which combines the functionalit y of the DATA and PROC Steps into a single procedure. PROC SQL in many cases can be a more efficient alternative to traditional SAS code. PROC SQL can be used to retrieve, update, and report on information from SAS data sets or other database products. This paper will concentrate on SQL's s yntax and how to access information from existing SAS data sets. Some of the topics covered include: /G04Write SQL code usin g various styles of the SELECT statement. /G04Dynamically create new variables on the SELECT statement. /G04Use SQL options to control the appearance of reports. /G04Create multiple reports with a single PROC SQL statement. /G04Create reports containin g percenta ges usin g |
proc sql, proc step, select, group by, order by, proc sort, where statement | source | 10 |
| 38 | An Introduction to SAS/ASSIST Software | Linda P. Atkinson | regression analysis, sample, proc means | source | 6 | |
| 39 | An Investigation of Quality-of-Life Issues in Patient Treatment Using Enterprise Miner | Patricia B. Cerrito, Kelly McMasters, Vicki Viar |
Quality-of-Life is a very subjective issue. This study investigates data routinely collected in the Sunbelt Melanoma Trial, a controlled, randomized clinical trial accruing a total of 1370 patients studied longitudinally for a minimal period of 7 years. The data mining procedures of Enterprise Miner will be used to examine the quality-of-life issues | clinical trial, data mining, cluster analysis, logistic regression, logistic distribution, proc step, regression analysis | source | 6 |
| 40 | An Object-Oriented Approach to File Management within a SAS/AF Application | Charles W. Bininger | As applications become larger and more complicated, the thought of writing applications one line at a time seems like an overwhelming task. Even though SAS has provided us with an object-oriented language, very few of us take advantage of the power and reusability that SAS/AF provides. This paper is intended to introduce to the programmer the benefits of object-oriented programming as well as showing a practical application of such a design. Together we will design and implement a File Management Object that can be plugged into most any SAS/AF application with very little time and effort |
source | 6 | |
| 41 | An On-line Analytical System for Corrosion Pitting Analysis for Solid Rocket Booster with the SAS System | Morgan C. Wang | The Solid Rocket Boosters of the Space Shuttle have very unique and critical requirements as airframe structures. They support the entire shuttle stack, absorb stresses of main engine start, experience water impact at greater than 60 miles per hour, and remain immersed in salt water for approximately 48 hours. In addition, the maintenance and deployment of the hardware takes place in a seacoast environment. In order to maintain the integrity of the hardware, inspections are performed on the entire structure after each flight to locate corrosion for remediation and analysis. The data for these inspections has been kept graphically on paper and descriptively on standard spreadsheet software. This paper describes the development of an on-line analytical system that will be used to facilitate inspections through a graphical interface, store all the data in flexible format and allow the mining of the data for new information on the structure | bar chart, data science, data warehouse | source | 5 |
| 42 | An SQL List Macro to Retrieve Data from Large SAS/DB2 Databases | Thiru Satchi | The SQL Pass-Through facility in the SAS/ACCESS interface software is a tool to retrieve data from DB2 Relational Database Management System (R DMS) tables and to convert them into a SAS d ataset. This paper demonstrates the benefits of using this feature, along with a macro that converts a SAS dataset into a list of key values. If these key variables are indexed in a DB2 table, the macro will significantly decrease the required programming and computer processing time |
dataset, proc sql, variable list, proc step, cpu time, character variable, where statement, numeric variable, macro variable, macro definition | source | 6 |
| 43 | An Update on SAS Software and ODBC | Jennifer Price | ODBC (Open Data Base Connectivity) is a windows service created especially for the exchange of data. After reading this paper, the user will be able to use ODBC to set up their data for use with Base SAS and any other ODBC compliant application. We will look at using ODBC under the latest operating conditions such as Windows 98 and SAS 6.12 and get a sneak peek at SAS 7.0. We will review the definition of ODBC, how to set up databases so that they can be accessed from SAS and all other ODBC compliant applications such as MS Access, Paradox, MS EXCEL and Lotus 123. We will compare ODBC with other third party products such as DBMS Copy |
sas base, excel, proc sql | source | 3 |
| 44 | Analyzing Oncology Patient Health Care Costs Using the SAS System | Jeff A. Sloan, Steven S. Cha, Judith L. Wagner, Cristine Allmer, Steven R. Alberts, Jed Lindman |
The advent of managed health care has focused attention on the methodology for analyzing patient health care costs. Standard methods of analysis apply to a varying degree, but there are unique challenges inherent in constructing and analyzing cost data. Adjustments in basic statistical procedures are necessary to account for changes in the value of money over time, marked skewness due to catastrophic costs and censoring from both left and right. A number of authors have developed novel approaches for the analysis of patient cost data (Fenn et al, 1996; Siegel et al, 1996; Zhou et al, 1997; Etzioni et al, 1998). We present an array of alternative statistical machinations for cost data achieved through varied application of the SAS system | clinical trial, sample, standard deviation, survival analysis, macro definition | source | 6 |
| 45 | And All With The Push of a Button! | Ray Pass | macro variable, excel, macro definition, proc step, macro call, txt, dataset | source | 8 | |
| 46 | Annotated Case Report Form Automation System | Anthony M. Cavaliere, Shi-Tao Yeh |
This paper presents an illustration of a SAS â -based annotated Case Report Form (CRF) automation system. SAS macros are used to construct CRF pages from individual data collection modules annotated with database information and to generate an HTML-ba sed viewer syst em f or v iewing t hese assembled, annotated pages. The ma cros can assemble a number of different annotated modules onto a single CRF page ba sed on user input. T his automation syst em c an be used to create a complete set of electronic CRF pages for an entire clinical study, and for the u sers to re view and manage the se CRF page s online . The discussion includes topics of: Preparing a library of annotated forms and components, Providing a SAS macr o to construct a CRF page, Providing a SAS macr o to generate a viewer system, Illustrating a pilot CRF automation system. The SAS products used in this paper are: SAS BASE â , without any limitation of operating systems | macro definition, sample, macro variable, annotated crf, %if-%then-%else, cdisc | source | 5 |
| 47 | Anyone Can Learn PROC TABULATE | Lauren E. Haworth | SAS Software provides hundreds of ways you can ana- lyze your data. You can use the DATA STEP to slice and dice your data, and there are dozens of procedures that will process your data and produce all kinds of statistics. But odds are that no matter how you organize and analyze your data, you'll end up producing a report in the form of a table. This is why every SAS user needs to know how to use PROC TABULATE. While TABULATE doesn't do anything that you can't do with other PROCs, the payoff is in the output. TABULATE computes a variety of sta- tistics, and it neatly packages the results in a single table. Unfortunately, TABULATE has gotten a bad rap as being a difficult procedure to learn. This paper will prove that if you take things step by step, anyone can learn PROC |
proc tabulate, proc step | source | 8 |
| 48 | Assessing Predictive Power and identifying Outliers in Covariance Structure Analysis Models | Joseph Retzer, Kurt Pflughoeft |
source | 6 | ||
| 49 | Automated Input Interface for SAS Batch-Mode Processing | S. Patrick Thornton | The Automated Input Interface (AII) was created as a tool for the intermediate base SAS software user in order to facilitate batch processing of raw data through the specification of a simple set of parameters, rather than through the direct creation of syntax. A special data set, termed the AII control data set, is used in conjunction with SAS System macro code to produce the syntax necessary to create system data sets from raw data. The AII control data set determines the data set names, variable names, and variable types for the conversion of raw data sets to SAS System data sets. Thus, all data sets that are created with the AII and that exist in multiple projects are consistent and can readily be included in automated restructuring, merging, analyzing, routing, and reporting. AII offers the greatest advantage when many projects are dependent on large data sources which are stored in multiple record structures and physical locations (e.g. tapes) | raw data, macro variable, relational database | source | 4 |
| 50 | Automating the Management of a Data Warehouse | Sy J. Truong, Kathy R. Boussina |
clinical trial, sas output, data warehouse, clinical data, comment | source | 5 | |
| 51 | Automating the Production of Clinical Trial Data Tables | Anne Horney, Gail F. Kirk |
Preparation of clinical trials semi-annual data reports used to be a time-consuming and error-prone task of transferring numbers from computer printouts into reader friendl y formats. We stopped this repetitive transcribing and checkin g b y usin g SAS and WordPerfect to gether for rapid and accurate preparation of publication quality tables. For each table the first step is to desi gn a skeleton form in WordPerfect. Next a SAS program is written to put data for the table into an ASCII delimited text file. The third step is to execute the SAS pro gram and to mer ge the data into the form in WordPerfect and thus create the final report table. Once the form is desi gned and the SAS pro gram written, the update of the table can be accomplished easil y b y repeatin g step three above. Also, when several tables are required, this method can be automated b y creatin g WordPerfect macros to perform the merges and to combine the tables into the final report | dataset, create table, proc step | source | 5 |
| 52 | Automating the Production of Customized Powerpoint Presentation Graphs by Integrating the Funtionality of SAS Software with Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications | Aileen L. Yam | With the a dvent of Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) a nd Object Linking a nd Embedding (OLE), mac ros can be written to bring wonders to programmin g. This pap er gives simple samp le code to exemplif y th e i ntegration of SAS software and Micr osoft Offic e soft ware to automate the production of customized graphs. During the presentation, a more full y developed application comp lete with dialog boxes for generating a variety of gra phs via op tion a nd comm and buttons will be demonstrated | excel, do loop, conditional do loop | source | 5 |
| 53 | Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Models for Comparing Forecasted to Actual Values of CPU Workloads for Open Systems | Anthony C. Waclawski | The marriage of MCI and WorldCom has created an enormous worldwide computing network with over one billion dollars in computing assets. The MCI WorldCom computing environment includes several very large central electronic complexes containing arrays of central and distributed computers. The entire network is remotely managed from Colorado Springs, Colorado. It serves thousands of distributed interactive users at hundreds of locations throughout the world. To effectively manage these corporate assets, decision-makers need accurate forecasts of midrange workload performance in order to justify requests for acquisition of new central processing units. This paper describes our use of the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) technique to accurately forecast workload consumption of midrange resources with 95% statistical confidence | time series analysis, moving average, autoregressive model, regression analysis | source | 10 |
| 54 | Behind Marketing Data | Flavio Addolorato, Silvia Pacei |
The aim of the work is to pinpoint a number of behavioural characteristics of the Banca Commerciale Italiana (BCI) retail customers by using several analytical tools. A panel sample is maintained which is observed each semester. A factor analysis and a cluster analysis are carried out in order to subdivide customers into segments according to the main factors affecting their behaviour. Repeating the same clustering procedure every semester, it is possible to carry out a migration analysis between segments. For this purpose, SAS/INSIGHT is used to explore data through graphs and analyses linked across multiple windows. Moreover, the transitions from one cluster to another are studied following a model-based approach, but the present availability of only three waves makes our assumptions too simple to describe the customers' migration process. Keywords: Multivariate data analysis, SAS/INSIGHT, Mover-Stayer Model Information Visualization |
markov chain, sample, cluster analysis, factor analysis, proc calis, proc corresp, credit migration, proc freq, likelihood function | source | 6 |
| 55 | Betcha Didn't Know | Richard D. Langston | This poster attempts to describe several DATA STEP features that users may not be aware exist. Some of these features are first being documented with Version 7 of the SAS System, although they are present in Version 6 |
lag function, dataset, proc step, temporary array, put statement, proc format, macro variable | source | 4 |
| 56 | Beyond the Printed Page | Bill Adams | In the 60's and 70's our computer systems were developed to the point that they could generate reams of printed reports at the whim of the operator. With the current exponential growth rate of available information, we will soon be buried in paper unless we develop other means of information delivery. This paper addresses alternatives to the printed page that are available through the SAS system and currently available output systems. Consideration will be given to: the level of detail to be reported; whether qualitative evaluations are to be presented; the actual information delivery system; the speed at which a decision can be made and communicated to the persons that can implement the desired action. A general overview of the concept of paperless knowledge transfer will be presented | proc print, data warehouse | source | 5 |
| 57 | Building a 'Pre-subsetting' User Interface for Multidimensional Reports | Dan J. Kirpes | The scope of this paper is to introduce and give an example of a user interface (SAS/AF software) subsetting a multidimensional database (MDDB) prior to presenting it to the Multidimensional Report. It will show how to develop a FRAME using list boxes to define the subsets and show the passing of SCL list information to the SAS/EIS software Multidimensional Report via a method override. Skill Level: Advanced programmers |
insurer, class variable | source | 5 |
| 58 | Building A Better Data Entry Application Using PROC FSEDIT | Derek P. Morgan, Michael A. Province |
It was once said that, "If you build a better mousetrap, the world will beat a path to your door." However, for data entry system programmers, "a better mousetrap" is designed to keep people away from our doors. We don't want visits from users with questions about using the system, nor from analysts who want to know why there are 500-pound children sprinkled liberally through the database. Finally, we definitely don't want administrators and supervisors to come knocking, demanding to know why the users and analysts are calling them. This advanced tutorial will cover items beyond the basics of the FSEDIT procedure with the goal of building a better data entry system. Familiarity with SCL is helpful. The topics to be covered include: Screen Ergonomics (use of color and placement of items) The difference between the FSEINIT section and the INIT section Cursor control-when NOT to use the defaults Screen variables vs |
where statement, proc step, data cleaning, sample, character variable, proc format, transaction data, missing value | source | 10 |
| 59 | Building a Data Entry and Correction System by Synchronizing the Data Table and the Data Form | Hung X. Pha | The Data Set Entry classes display the contents of SAS data sets as follows: Data Form displays one row of a SAS data set at a time using SAS/AF widgets to represent the columns. Data Table provides a tabular display of multiple rows of a SAS data set. This paper will illustrate a technique of combining the best of both, Data Table and Data Form, to build a Data Entry and Correction System. This system will have a Data Table widget displayed on the top half of a frame and a Data Form widget on the bottom half. When a row within the Data Table is clicked, the same record is displayed on the Data Form where data may be entered and/or modified. Buttons on a toolbar allow the users to perform various functions |
dataset | source | 8 |
| 60 | Canonical Correspondence Analysis in SAS Software | Laxman M. Hegde, Dayanand N. Naik |
correlation, proc cancorr, standard deviation, sample, proc corresp | source | 7 | |
| 61 | Cataloger: An Applications Development Tool to Search, Compare, and Document SAS Catalogs and Data Files | Christopher A. Roper, Michael Gilman |
This paper will present an application written entirely in SAS that greatly enhances the developer's ability to develop, compare, and manage SAS catalog entries and datasets. This application has point and click capabilities for printing catalog entries, including images of frame entries and complete descriptions of associated widgets directly into Microsoft Word documents, creating publication quality documentation at the push of a button. The batch printing facility allows for printing of all catalog entries of virtually any type, including Program, Source, SCL, and Slist (including expanded sublists) entries. The text searching facility will search through all text-based entries for character strings and allow point and click access to the locations in any catalog entry containing the text string | catalog entry, catalog, dataset | source | 6 |
| 62 | CFO Vision at Centra Health, A Successful Partnership | Julie A. Maddox, John Wimmer, Billy Dunn |
structured data, raw data | source | 9 | |
| 63 | Changing the Shape of Your Data: PROC TRANSPOSE vs. Arrays | Bob Virgile | proc transpose, proc step, do loop, missing value, date variable | source | 6 | |
| 64 | Checking and Tracking SAS Programs Using SAS Software | Keith M. Gregg, Yefim Gershteyn |
Various checks on consistency and changes in the SAS programs in large scale projects can be efficiently implemented using the SAS language itself. This is done by obtaining lists of all files and their requisites in the project program and data directories and comparing these lists; extracting from the SAS log files information on permanent SAS data sets used in the corresponding SAS runs; and utilizing information from standardized comment fields in the headers of SAS programs. The information gathered in the course of this process is also useful for project tracking | sas log, dataset, if-then-else, error message, proc sql | source | 5 |
| 65 | Code or DATA? | H. Ian Whitlock | A Report Writing Seminar given at Westat was charged with finding new techniques to control complex DATA _NULL_ reports. This paper presents one of the techniques developed. DATA _NULL_ reports often require numerous tedious conditional PUT statements writing a mixture of literal information with data. In such cases one can view the report as a text input file with variable references, where one wants to conditionally print certain lines after making substitutions for variable |
sample, macro definition | source | 10 |
| 66 | Collecting Data Vi a the Internet with SAS/IntrNet and SAS/SHARE Software | Stacy Buffington, Doyle McDonald |
The Texas Education Agency (TEA) has had much success with the use of SAS/INTRNET software, primarily utilizing the web publishing tools in order to dynamically publish reports to the World-Wide Web. Another exciting component of this product is the data collection capability. With the added use of SAS/SHARE, we can collect data from the client via the Internet and update SAS data sets directly. This software combination definitely delivers in many aspects when it comes to collecting data via the Internet. SAS programmers need not rely on CGI scripting for web application programming, and furthermore, the transformation of the flat files created by CGI into a SAS data set is eliminated |
dataset, libname statement, proc step, proc sql, sas programming, sas base | source | 4 |
| 67 | Comparison of CGI and Java Technology Provided in SAS/IntrNet Software | Barbara Walters, Donald R. Chapman |
Which technology to use? The components of SAS/INTRNET software utilize a variety of client/server architectures. There are data servers and compute servers, CGI (Common Gateway Interface) programs and Java applets. Together, these components provide the technology for delivering sophisticated applications through a Web browser. Deciding which components are best for your application depends upon a variety of factors, including security, user interface issues, your skill set, and Internet versus intranet delivery. We will explore each of these factors and explain how to choose the best components for your application. Note: SAS Institute continues to provide new components that exploit Web technology. Please check the following URL for the most up to date information on SAS/INTRNET software: http://www.sas.com/web |
source | 6 | |
| 68 | Concomitant Medications: What a Programmer Needs to Know | Irving A. Dark | When tabulating concomitant medications it is often necessary to categorize data by preferred term. How this categorization occurs is a commonly misunderstood process. There are several different ways to summarize concomitant medication data: Preferred term, ATC Text, Indication by Preferred term, and various other combinations. Regardless of how the data is to be tabulated, it is essential to understand how your data is recorded and classified before starting to program statistical tables and data listings | concomitant medications, proc tabulate | source | 2 |
| 69 | Considerations for Creating and Maintaining a Home Page Oriented with the SAS System | Robert Schechter Considerations for Creating | According to the SAS Institute's web page (updated April 16, 1998) there are 27 SAS RUGs and LUGs with web pages. This paper will explain the design and coding considerations used in the development of the PhilaSUG site. There are several fundamental considerations in designing a home page that transcend HTML (HyperText Markup Language, the code that describes the structure of a web document's content). These concerns include layout, design, and ease of use. The impacts of various browsers and HTML levels will be discussed. Finally, the basic HTML (level 2 - Frames, Style Sheets, and Dynamic HTML will not be covered) used to author the PhilaSUG site will be demonstrated using a popular browser | source | 5 | |
| 70 | Constructing a Data Warehouse | Curtis A. Smith | Lately, we have heard and read much about data warehousing. While many papers discuss the concepts and reasons for data warehousing - here the author will describe methods to build a data warehouse. A data warehouse must be well organized, easy to understand, easy to use, and easy to reach. It will likely draw data from many sources, perhaps for multiple company segments, for multiple time periods, and varying degrees of detail. Should the developer create multiple SAS System data libraries, or keep all the SAS data sets in a common library? Should the developer use a naming convention for SAS data libraries and data sets? What about documenting the data warehouse? Are indexes a good thing? Can indexes be overdone? Subsets and summarized SAS data sets? All these questions and more will be answered in the pages to follow as the author describes learns how to construct a data warehouse | libname statement, dataset, data warehouse, raw data, by group processing, proc step, cpu time, proc means, flat file, macro variable, proc contents, label statement | source | 6 |
| 71 | Creating a Home Page on the WWW for Your Local User Group An Unlimited Resource for Local User Group Recruitment Strategies | JoAnn R. Matthews | isp, group by | source | 9 | |
| 72 | Creating Data Driven Programs with the Macro Language | Brian K. Varney | Creating dynamic, data driven programs is a very powerful tool. Often we can use the metadata or the project data itself to help write our programs. This paper will introduce some of the concepts related to writing SAS programs which will generate pieces of SAS code in a data driven manner. Parts of the SAS language used in this discussion include the following: 1. macro call routines (call execute, call symput) | proc sql, macro variable, proc step, call execute, dictionary tables, call symput, macro loop, label statement | source | 4 |
| 73 | CRM 101: Maximizing Return on Investment with the SAS Solution for CRM | Drury Jenkins | During the last decade, the deployment of Information Technology (IT) has been rapidly evolving from a necessary evil to a legitimate business strategy. In the early to mid 1990's Business Process Reengineering (BPR) was the hot business tool that allowed IT deployment to generate a positive return on investment (ROI) and obtain business | data mining, customer retention | source | 5 |
| 74 | Cross Crossover Studies Off Your List | Pippa M. Simpson, Robert M. Hamer, Shelly Y. Lensing |
treatment effect, sample, proc step, sample size, dose, washout period, regression analysis, proc genmod | source | 7 | |
| 75 | Crude Risk Assessment of Multi-level Exposures in Case-Control Studies | Rebecca Darden, Stuart D. Long |
Oftentimes in epidemiological research, we deal with case-control studies in which the exposures have more than two levels (i.e., we are looking at an exposure by outcome table that is rx2). However, the CMH option in PROC FREQ will compute the estimates of risk for only 2x2 tables, and not for the more general rx2 tables. Datasets are created for each comparison against the referent exposure group, and PROC FREQs are run on these individual datasets. The PROC FREQ then is re-run for the entire rx2 table to obtain the estimate of the overall linear association. This can become quite a tedious undertaking very quickly. In this paper, we present macro code that automates the creation of the separate datasets and the subsequent PROC FREQs, and summarizes the cell counts and statistics of interest in an easily interpretable table for the client. It is aimed at a moderate skill level; it uses macro code, PROC FREQ, and PROC TABULATE; and, though currently it is written to execute in PC SAS |
proc freq, proc step, macro variable | source | 3 |
| 76 | Customize Your Web Output Using SAS/IntrNet Software and W eb Publishing Tools | Ahsan Ullah | Customizing dynamic Web output can often be a tedious task because of the preferences of each end user. This paper will focus on how you use the functionality of the Web Publishing Tools provided by The SAS Institute to create a flexible application that can conform to end-users different output specifications. This paper uses concept of Application Dispatcher and Application Server of SAS/INTRNET software, SAS/GRAPH software, SAS macro language and SAS Web Publishing Tools in Windows NT environment. Drill down capabilities of the demo programs and examples of Solutions@Work of SAS/INTRNET software are used throughout this paper |
stored macro, sample, proc step | source | 5 |
| 77 | Customized Pagination Using %PAGEOFNO Macro | Donald W. Peterson | Reports typically include page numbering, which is readily available using the NUMBER option in SAS. But, there is no option that would include the total number of pages, along with the page number, having the format Page 13 of 145, for example. At least, not without substantial effort by the programmer. This paper explains several macros that includes the total number of pages as part of customizing the pagination of SAS output | _eof_, call symput | source | 2 |
| 78 | Customizing SAS Graphs Using the Annotate Facility and Global Statements | Jeffery D. Gilbert | SAS/GRAPH is a powerful, highly customizable graphics package that, with knowledge of a few tools, can produce most types of graphs. SAS/GRAPH PROCedures provide canned methods for creating graphics; global statements control the general appearance of the graphics, and the ANNOTATE facility can customize, or even produce, most anything that the procedures can produce. This paper will lay the foundation of the functionality of global statements, heavily emphasize the capabilities of the ANNOTATE facility, and suggest additional resources to use when customizing graphics. Assumptions To use the annotate facility and the global statements, certain prerequisites must be met: A working knowledge of basic SAS/GRAPH PROCedures. A working knowledge of how SAS/GRAPH can be made to display or print graphics on your operating system. * A thorough understanding of the DATA STEP will be very important, since the ANNOTATE facility relies on the creation of a dataset to operate |
proc step, footnote statement | source | 4 |
| 79 | Data Exploration Made Easy | George C. J. Fernandez | A comprehensive graphical analysis approach to perform data exploration utilizing the latest capabilities available in SAS systems are presented here. This practical approach integrates graphical analysis tools available in SAS systems and provides step-wise instructions to perform data exploration quickly without writing SAS program statements or using menu interface by running the SAS macros in background. The main feature of this approach is that analysts can perform complete data exploration quickly by following the steps and using the SAS macro files provided. Since data analysts search for user-friendly but efficient data exploration methods to produce quick | data science, macro definition, dataset, excel, response variable, exploratory data analysis, sas output, histogram, sample, proc freq | source | 7 |
| 80 | Data Libraries on Tape | Curtis A. Smith | Big data forces the SAS System developer and user to turn to big storage media. Often this means - tape. While tape solves the storage space dilemma, it comes at a price. There are limitations, problems, and inefficiencies inherent in tape storage. Within the pages to follow, the author will explore many such difficulties with tape and the ways to overcome the difficulties. For example, tape devices are sequential storage units rather than random access devices, as are disks. What problems does sequential storage bring? Can multiple SAS data sets be stored within a single SAS data library on tape without destroying each other? What effective SAS capabilities are sacrificed when using t ape? How does the user allocate a SAS data library on tape from within SAS? All these questions and more will be answered in the pages to follow as the reader learns how to use SAS data libraries on tape | dataset, libname statement, proc step, proc copy, error message, sas library | source | 4 |
| 81 | Data Mining: An Overview of Methods and Techniques for Increasing Profits in Direct Marketing | C. Olivia Parr Rud | Data Mining is a new term for the common practice of searching through data to find patterns, which w ill predict future outcomes or define measurable relationships. Statistical and machine learning methods are the favored tools of many businesses that utilize direct marketing. This paper w ill explore some of the typical uses of Data Mining in direct marketing with discussions and examples of measuring response, risk and lifetime customer value. The paper w ill conclude with highlights of SAS Enterprise Miner and its ab ility to transform the Data Mining process | sample, logistic distribution, logistic regression, missing value, univariate analysis, regression analysis, data cleaning, interval variable, predictor variable, response variable, product profitability, standard deviation, proc step, gain chart | source | 7 |
| 82 | Data Tables: Highlighting Techniques | Christopher A. Roper | Data tables are arguably one of the best looking widgets in SAS. This makes them a popular choice for replacing the venerable Extended Table widget as a selection list, or front end to a data set. The model/viewer paradigm is an extremely flexible tool that gives the Data Table, and it's parent class the Table Editor, an extensive utility across a broad range of applications. Combined with the abundance of methods available to the Data Table class, this widget can add a very nice touch of polish to an application, giving it the professional, finished appearance a client demands and deserves. This paper will illustrate five scenarios for using highlighting to make the Data Table object more attractive and functional for your information consumers | dataset, filtering | source | 8 |
| 83 | Data Visualization from a Financial Services Perspective | Alan J. Rinkus, Charles K. Skee |
SAS/GRAPH software affords ways to construct powerful data visualization tools for discovering, confirming, summarizing, and communicating patterns and relationships in a data set. This paper demonstrates the use of dot charts with error bars and bubble charts as useful adjuncts to tabular reporting. These graphical tools organize and present complex (even multidimensional) data that directly address important business decisions |
bubble plot, credit card | source | 6 |
| 84 | Data Warehousing and Information Delivery: Success and Failure in Managed Care | Hugh G. McCabe | This paper describes the use of the SAS System by a nationally recognized managed care organization to meet its information delivery needs. This paper is intended for managers and will detail the organization's struggle with the issues surrounding data warehousing and information delivery. The paper will highlight our successful use of the SAS System to provide a full range of information delivery services. Specific areas of information delivery profiled will include data warehousing, decision support, reporting, data display, applications development and internet/web applications. Emphasis will be placed how we have been able to use the SAS System to leverage our investment in hardware, software and human resources to respond to demands for information delivery. The paper and presentation will include descriptions and demonstrations of work done in the areas outlined | data warehouse, excel | source | 6 |
| 85 | Data Warehousing in Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare: An Industry Perspective | M. Kumar Sagar, Himanshu Raval |
This paper aims to describe the data warehousing process for the Pharmaceutical and the Healthcare industries. We wil l first examine the reasons and needs for th e data warehouses and the expected benefits. Based on this, a general process for data warehousing emerges that utilizes a host of tools and techniques. These are then illustrated by two case studies as follows: (1) A Clinical Trials Data Warehouse for the Pharmaceuticals and Biotech companies, (2) A Utilization and Claims Warehouse for the Drug Manufacturers and the HMOs. Each of these warehouses has different design philosophies, objectives and utilization. Each of these case study warehouses uses a different set of tools for populating the warehouse, data transformation and data extraction. While discussing these case studies, we will also delve into the subjects of: (1) User Requirements (2) Desig n Specifications (3) Validation and Testing (4) Documentation (5) User Training and Setup | data warehouse, clinical trial, data cleaning | source | 10 |
| 86 | Data Warehousing on a Shoestring | Richard J. Nicola | Perhaps the largest stumbling block in developing a data warehouse using SAS (or any other) products is cost justification. In many cases, the difficulty in gaining acceptance is not because of manpower expense, but in obtaining a long- term commitment to absorb the cost of additional software. In many companies, "basic" SAS products are available to mainframe users. This seemingly "free" software offers an opportunity to create a workable data warehouse as a "proof of concept" without substantial software investment. In some cases it is possible, given some fairly low level SAS tools, to create a very usable, functional data warehouse. Note that a data warehouse created with these limited tools and platforms will have limited, specific functionality. However, the existence and success of this can be very helpful in cost justifying future projects and additional software | class variable, earned premium, data warehouse, star schema, proc step, sample | source | 6 |
| 87 | Dealing with Health Care Data using the SAS System | Alan C. Wilson, Marge Scerbo |
Analysis of health care data without an awareness of their peculiarities and eccentricities is risky business. You need to know of possible variability and discontinuities in medical coding practices, and in personal, demographic, time and place variables. Above all, you need to know your data. A clear understanding of the quality and completeness of the data is essential. This paper provides an overview of different problems that might be encountered, as well as some possible solutions using SAS software | proc step, dataset, proc format, proc sort | source | 9 |
| 88 | Delivering Geographic Information Part II: Just Click My Map Object | Jeanne M. Spicer | sample, dataset | source | 4 | |
| 89 | Deploying Existing SAS/EIS and SAS/AF Software Applications to the Web | David B. Horne, Donald J. Henderson |
This paper provides an overview of the issues involved in moving applications from the SAS desktop environment to a browser based Web environment. SAS Institute has a variety of tools that can be used to build new web-based applications as well to assist customers migrate their existing applications to the web. The paper describes which tools and approaches are best suited to particular types of SAS/EIS and SAS/AF software applications. Issues to consider in determining the suitability of converting a desktop AF/EIS application to the web are discussed in the context of criteria which can help the user to determine what tools and methodologies which are available from SAS Institute are appropriate. NOTE: The Web has had a tremendous impact on the time involved in delivering new software technology. At the time this paper was written (early January 1999) it accurately reflected SAS Institute's plans in this area |
source | 4 | |
| 90 | Design and Deployment of a Web Application Using SAS/IntrNet | Thomas H. Burger, Richard W. Tucker, John M. LaBore |
Industry research and development increasingly relies on global operations. IT divisions now more than ever are challenged with developing an infrastructure capable of providing business solutions at this scale. SAS/INTRNET software offers the ability to couple powerful analysis and reporting tools with global information delivery using the Internet. Speed-to-market initiatives demand rapid implementation of this capability. We describe a methodology for the design and deployment of a web application providing end-users the capability of generating text and graphical reports |
data wrangling, macro variable, macro facility, proc sql, proc step, macro definition | source | 6 |
| 91 | Designing Accessible Help Systems | Cathy L. Brinsfield | SAS GUI applications can benefit greatly from well-designed, integrated help systems. This poster uses WinHelp to show you how to design your help system using granular information and progressive disclosure. How many times have you opened the help for an application only to be overwhelmed by the amount of information you must sift through to get to the piece you need? Or you have spent so much time clicking on links that you are off somewhere in cyberspace? This approach separates task information for a window from the overview information a user may need to understand the tasks. The help for each window presents the user with a selectable list of tasks and assistance with any navigational tools. The user can link to help for the task, or access overview information that provides a broader perspective on how the task in the window fits into the overall purpose of the application | regression analysis, catalog entry | source | 5 |
| 92 | Designing User Interface by Using the Macro Facility | Quan Ren | User interface can be designed by using SAS/AF , it can also be designed by using the macro facility. This paper is to present a way to design user interface by using the macro facility |
macro facility, macro variable | source | 2 |
| 93 | Developing Data-Driven, Task-Oriented SAS Powered Programs in Java | Danielle Davis, Donald R. Chapman |
This paper describes the development of SAS powered Java programs using a toolkit that integrates key concepts from several different programming models. The toolkit introduces powerful functionality that simplifies the process. The toolkit utilizes the following programming models: Data-Driven Define how a program gets built, maintained, and enhanced through changes to underlying data files. Task-Oriented Define how the user will interact with the program. Event-Driven Provide a mechanism for components to communicate with each other. While the toolkit makes developing Java programs (applets, applications, and servlets) easier, it requires that you have experience with Java and understand the Java development environment. This paper also covers the productivity gains, development benefits, and maintainability of a program built with the toolkit | dataset, txt | source | 10 |
| 94 | Developing Standardized Requirements, Specifications and Programs for Clinical Trials Reports | Deborah J. Harper, Nancy Brucken, Christopher Makowski |
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a standard table development methodology and to explain the resulting program design | data cleaning, adverse events, data wrangling, macro call, macro variable, clinical trial | source | 4 |
| 95 | Distributed Applications with SAS/AF Software on Client and Server | Pat M. Herbert | With the advent of the Internet, the demand for distributed computing is on the increase. With the Nashville Vision, the user can use SAS software to create distributed SAS/AF objects to exploit the data and compute power of the SAS System. In this paper, we will discuss the use of SAS/AF applications on the client accessing remote models on the SAS server. Users familiar with SAS/AF software can write distributed applications without getting a higher degree |
source | 1 | |
| 96 | Distributing SAS/AF Models with Java Clients | Chris Bailey, Karl Moss |
bar chart, dataset | source | ||
| 97 | Driving to Better Credit Policies: The Risk Strategy Instrument Panel | Michael L. Davis, Adam Terr |
The Risk Strategy Instrument Panel is a custom SAS/AFÂ FRAME Entry application created for the Risk Management Group, Retailer Financial Services, GE Capital Services. The Instrument Panel launches an existing library of MVS (OS/390) batch SAS programs from desktop personal computers. It was designed to let risk analysts and others create and evaluate credit line and authorization strategies more easily. To make the application easier to use, some innovative design strategies were employed, such as the use of non-visual object classes to provide common functions such as supplying lists of available tape data sets to the GUI. Another interesting feature is the use of Data Tables as list selection widgets. The combination of careful planning of the application menus with an attractive GUI design have resulted in an application that some analysts find fun to use |
dataset, sample, macro definition | source | 8 |
| 98 | Dynamically Creating a Where Statement | Curtis A. Smith | Frequently, within a user application, the developer uses a WHERE statement to subset a data set. The developer can pass constant values to the WHERE statement from the user utilizing a variety of methods. For example, the developer can use a macro variable in the WHERE statement whose value is passed when the user makes a selection from a SAS/AF FRAME. However, what if the developer wants to allow the user to make any number of selections? For example, if the developer uses a WHERE statement to subset based upon the account variable, what if one time the user wants to select one account, but the next time the user wants to select ten accounts? How does the developer program a WHERE statement that can accommodate a varying number of constants in the selection criteria? Well, thanks to some fancy help from the SAS Institute's technical staff, the author will present a handy macro loop to dynamically build a WHERE statement |
where statement, macro variable, macro loop, do loop, dataset, macro facility, %if-%then-%else, if-then-else, macro definition, macro put | source | 3 |
| 99 | Easy Interface for SAS - A SAS Application on the Windows Platform | Zhuan (John) Xu | SAS supports many open standards which make it possible for third-part y de velopers to creat e tools and applications that integrate seamlessly with SAS. In this paper I will present one such application -- Eas y Interface for SAS (EI). EI is a Windows 95/98/N T application developed using Borland Delphi. EI uses SAS as a database and anal ytic engine through OL E automation. Users are pro vided with a main screen st yled after Windows E xplorer. EI allo ws users to summarize data, calculate correlations, and perform sample si ze estimation, random sampling, T-tests, ANOVA and regression. In addition, EI supports the viewing, subsetting, sorting, merging, importing and e xporting of SAS data sets. Its DOLAP (Desktop Online Analytic Processing) function is po werful yet quite eas y to use for slicing and drilling do wn. Another nice feature is EIS Ad Hoc Application, which allo ws most SAS programs to be integrated into Easy Interface for SAS by creating a d ynamic GUI | format statement, dataset, sample, proc step, txt, proc sql, where statement, sas output, sample size, excel, data governance, macro variable, proc format, random sampling, delimited file, variable list, proc freq, sas programming, anova, correlation, regression analysis | source | 9 |
| 100 | Efficiency Techniques: SQL vs. Retain Variables | Danielle Gao | The SAS DATA STEP allows you to perform calculations across observations by using retain variables. But as more variables are retained, coding can become cumbersome. By taking the advantage of the PROC SQL's ability to perform calculations on groups of observations, you can significantly reduce the length of your program and avoid an extra pass through the data. SQL vs. RETAIN Table 1 contains a portion of 1997 March Current Population Survey (CPS) survey data. This dataset has been sorted in ascending order by household ID, family ID within the household, and person ID within the family. Other than these identifiers, the extract includes family income, age and annual hours of work in the labor market. The constructed variable "kid" identifies anyone less than 18 year old. Income analysts often are interested in "family work hours," i.e., the number of hours of work summed across the family. In this case, we are also interested in a separate analysis for families with children |
proc sql, proc step, data step | source | 3 |
| 101 | Enterprise Client Software for the Windows Platform | Gail Kramer, Carol Williams Rigsbee, John Toebes, Jeff Polzin |
sas enterprise guide, excel | source | ||
| 102 | Enterprise Client Software for the Windows Platform | Gail Kramer, Carol Williams Rigsbee, John Toebes, Jeff Polzin |
There is a new family of thin client products available with the Nashville release. This suite of Enterprise client software currently has two products available, Enterprise Guide and Enter- prise Reporter . Enterprise Guide pro- vides a point and click, code based user interface to all the Version 8 SAS System servers. Enterprise Reporter is a native PC reporting tool with transparent data access to all the Version 8 SAS System servers | sas enterprise guide, excel | source | 7 |
| 103 | EPA's SAS Analytic Library on the Web | Jay Jacob Wind, Chapman P. Gleason, Michael Yu, Kamau Njuguna, Myles E. Powers |
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Center for Environmental Information and Statistics (CEIS) has developed and administers EPA's SAS Analytic Library using SAS/SHARE Servers, SAS/DATA Warehouse Administrator, SAS/EIS, SAS/MDDB Server, and SAS/INTRNET. This paper describes the strategy, architecture, and sample products of Library. We show how SAS analysts worldwide with SAS/CONNECT and TCP/IP can access the Library, obtain metadata about each data system and table in the Library, and produce environmental statistics, graphics, and maps. From CEIS' s website and SAS/SHARE Server, SAS users at all skill levels on all operating systems can analyze environmental data for the whole nation or individual states, counties, ZIP codes, and communities. As far as we know, no other SAS/SHARE Server in the world provides as much environmental data in SAS format for analysis purposes. CEIS's Strategy Figure 1 illustrates the audiences for data products from EPA's SAS Analytic Library |
sas programmer, grid computing | source | 5 |
| 104 | Essentials for Static and Dynamic Web Publishing - SAS HTML Formatting | Caroline C. Bahler, Sarah A. Calhoun, Emily O. Kistner |
If you've attended a SUGI conference or visited the SAS Institute Web site during the last several years, you know that the use of the SAS W orld-Wide We b pu blishing tools has exploded in p opularity. T his hands-on class is meant for the people who feel "web challenged" and who have NO or VERY LITTLE knowledge of e ither HTML or the SAS We b pu blishing tools. By the end of the class every participant will have a working knowledge of HTML and the SAS We b pu blishing tools and feel comfortable enough t o write t heir own Web pag e u sing these tools | dataset, output delivery system, proc step, sas output | source | 10 |
| 105 | Exploring Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Data with the SAS Analyst Application | Stewart L. Fossceco, Nathan A. Curtis |
ELISA methods are fundamental tools in the pharmaceutical industry with applications in drug discovery, animal studies, and clinical trials. ELISAs are readily automated and thus capable of high throughput quantification of analyte concentrations. Like other categories of bioassay, ELISAs are often performed on a 96-well microplate in a standard 8-row by 12-column format. Response measures from microplates often exhibit reproducible row and column patterns and several levels of variability. The SAS Analyst Application provides a graphical user interface for basic statistical techniques that can be used by scientists to explore and assess the magnitude of patterns and variability sources in assay execution. The Analyst Application provides | sample, proc mixed, clinical trial, prediction interval, histogram, fixed effects, main effect, class variable, estimate, anova, logistic distribution, box plot, response variable | source | 9 |
| 106 | Extending the Life of Your SAS/AF Application: Exploiting the Model-Viewer Paradigm | Gregory S. Barnes Nelson | SAS/AF FRAME technology has long been the mainstay of our visual entrée into traditional SAS applic ations. The World Wide Web has taken a front-seat to most application development efforts in an attempt to surface more and more information to entire enterprises. This interest, in part, has forced developers to look more critically at not only what technology we use to develop, but also how we can capitalize on our r ecent investments in applications development. This paper attempts to dispel the notions that SAS/AF may be an outmoded technology. Rather, here we show how we can exploit the lessons learned from these applications by surfacing the interface on the web, while retaining the key business logic in SAS/AF. We will discuss the role that SAS/AF can s till play in this new thin-centric world and how to surface this information across the enterprise |
data validation rules, sas base | source | 10 |
| 107 | Extending the Power of Your SAS System Applications with Enterprise Reporter Software | Juli Yaguda, Jens Dahl Mikkelsen |
As a seasoned SAS System applications developer, do you need to implement the best exploitation end to your data warehousing strategy? Do you create and maintain customized SAS System applications, but still need to augment its power with a flexible reporting environment? With the evolution of the SAS Enterprise Reporter, users can quickly generate and administer presentation style reports to specified employees or departments, customize access to corporate data and manage the information for business reporting needs. Enterprise Reporter can accomplish these tasks either as a supplement to exploit back-end data or as an integrated component of varied SAS System applications. Some examples that can benefit from this integration include: * Compliment your existing SAS/AF software or SAS/EIS software applications by allowing the users to perform ad-hoc reporting on the data fed from your application in an envi- ronment familiar to the users |
macro variable, proc print, dataset, macro definition | source | 9 |
| 108 | Find2000: A Search Tool to Find Date-Related Strings in SAS | Sarah L. Mitchell, Michael Gilman |
Although SAS Version 6 is primarily year 2000 compliant, it may nevertheless be advantageous to find date-related strings that are associated with two digit years. Find2000 is a search tool written in SAS that facilitates finding date-related strings. Find2000 has the flexibility to customize the search criteria and save the search results in several ways | catalog entry, dataset | source | 5 |
| 109 | First Steps in Building SAS Applications | Bruce Bovill | proc step, sas base | source | ||
| 110 | Fitting a Multisource Regression Model with Random Slopes, A Fisheries Application of SAS PROC MIXED | Robert G. Downer, Mark C. Benfield |
The application of mixed effects linear models con- tinues to grow and the available software is advanc- ing with the methodology. When covariate measure- ments are made at randomly sampled units: random coefficient models are quite natural for describing the relationship between the response and the predictors. In this very general paper, fitting a multisource re- gression model in SAS is reviewed. The options avail- able in PROC MIXED are presented, illustrated. and discussed through a coastal fisheries application |
proc mixed, likelihood function, proc step, covariance, fixed effects, random slope, proc genmod, covariance structure, model training, proc glm, proc reg, regression analysis, maximum likelihood estimation, sample, main effect, interaction effect | source | 5 |
| 111 | Fitting Nonlinear Mixed Models with the New NLMIXED Procedure | Russell D. Wolfinger | Statistical models in which both fixed and random effects enter nonlinearly are becoming increasingly popular. These models have a wide variety of applications, two of the most common being nonlinear growth curves and overdispersed binomial data. A new SAS/STAT procedure, NLMIXED, fits these models using likelihood-based methods. This paper presents some of the primary features of PROC NLMIXED and illustrates its use with two examples |
proc step, proc mixed, likelihood function, dataset, estimate, proc calis, binomial distribution, logistic distribution, response variable, proc nlmixed, sas programming, covariance | source | 10 |
| 112 | Font Control with the REPORT Procedure | David R. Trenery | This paper shows you how you can incorporate the font control capabilities of the interactive procedure FSREPORT with the REPORT procedure. The FSREPORT procedure is an experimental interactive procedure that enables you to change fonts within the table. It does not yet have all the capabilities of the REPORT procedure and you can not write code for it. You can specify fonts with the REPORT procedure they are just not used. A report template can be created by the REPORT procedure using features not available FSREPORT and specifying fonts. When this report template is used by FSREPORT you have font control and some important features not normally available to FSREPORT |
proc report, proc step | source | 3 |
| 113 | Forecasting Cross-Sectional Time Series: A Data Mining Approach Using Enterprise Miner Software | John C. Brocklebank, Michael Leonard, Taiyeong Lee |
The practice of developing predictive models on large volumes of data is classified as data mining. Cross-sectional time series manifests itself in cases where data for different departments, locations, part or SKU numbers are collected over time. The target or response measures may include product counts, sales, and a variety of inputs or independent pieces of information that are associated with the target. The inputs are classified as either deterministic (for example month or year where the future values are known) or nondeterministic (for example interest rates or price, where future values are not known and must be forecasted or estimated from the data). The cross-sectional nature comes from the fact that you have separate time series (departments for instance) and you wish to provide a modeling method that estimates correlations across separate strata and the combined series | data mining, time series analysis | source | 3 |
| 114 | From MACRO to SAS/AF Software: A Case Study of the Evolution of an Application | David M. Gardner | SAS software applications developers often face a choice when beginning a new project: Use the MACRO facility or use SAS/AF? This paper traces the evolution of one such application from its beginning as a single-purpose macro, its subsequent adoption and enhancement for another, more- demanding job, and its eventual obsolescence and re-emergence in SAS/AF FRAME. The story illustrates the traditional tradeoffs between MACRO and SAS/AF. Were it not for the relative ease of programming in MACRO code, the application may never have been created . However, once created, it proved to be resistant to enhancement, and needed to be re-written in SAS/AF with expanded capability |
proc step, macro facility, proc compare, macro definition | source | 6 |
| 115 | From Prediction to Validation: Who Understands the Past, Controls the Future (Time Series) | Edward Aronov | A new model for data prediction and validation has been developed with applications for market research, clinical trials and quality assurance. The process decomposed into typical structural components , such as a trend, sea- sonals, week day and pure random fluctuations. These parameters estimated by a multistep iterative procedure that minimized the error of residuals. Predictions, derived from the data for the corresponding periods of the time (like this visit and the previous one for the clinical trial) are used with optimal weight- ing procedure . Expected samples were calcu- lated for the targeted time frame of predic- tion and validation. Results of the data processing have proven efficacy of this algo- rithm | data cleaning, sample, time series analysis, regression analysis | source | 4 |
| 116 | FUZZY MERGES: Examples and Techniques | Malachy J. Foley | Frequently SASε programmers must merge files where the values of the key variables are only approximately the same. Merging on names with approximately the same spelling, or merging on times that are within three minutes of each other are examples of these kinds of merges. These merges are often called fuzzy merges. This tutorial examines the realm of fuzzy merges. It looks at relevant techniques and gives examples of actual programs which produce fuzzy merges | retain, missing value | source | 10 |
| 117 | Generate Data Listings for a New Drug Application in 5 Minutes as a Part of Automated Report System | Marina V. Kungurtseva | Each SAS programmer in pharmaceutical industry knows how much time it takes to write programs to produce tables and data listings for a new drug application. Almost every company spent some programming time to facilitate this process and develop some sort of global system of programs that would apply for each study. This presentation demonstrates one part of automated report system: how to produce data listings. This part is built up in SAS Application using SAS/FRAME and Screen Control Language. But right now the author wants to show the hidden process how to generate any kind of listings for customized report and save them in Microsoft Word document. She doesn't emphasize on Application Development, but shows the macros that can be used by programmers who are not familiar with Screen Control Language. The system includes a few macros that are compiled and stored in the SAS Catalog. They can be used for any study without changes |
dataset, macro variable, proc step, proc print | source | 7 |
| 118 | Generating and Using Name Keys for Fuzzy Matches: Calling a Third Pary Dynamic Link Library as a Module in the SAS System | Richard Carson | Identifying duplicate customer records or tying together customer records from different sources is done most efficiently if names can be "fuzzy" matched against each other. While SAS implements the SOUNDEX algorithm it also allows use of external DLLs via the CALL statement, so specialist third party routines can be used, such as Search Software America's (SSA) specialist search key technology. In a trial the SSA DLL was successfully used to generate search keys in a SAS database of 160,000 names. The integration was complex and a number of implementation issues are raised in this paper | txt, data step | source | 6 |
| 119 | Generating Item Responses Based on Multidimensional Item Response Theory | Jeffrey D. Kromrey, Cynthia G. Parshall, Walter M. Chason, Qing Yi |
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate code written in SAS/IML â software that generates examinees' test responses (0/1s) based on a multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) model. This program reads in a file of calibrated item parameters from the NOHARM computer program (Fraser & McDonald, 1986) and generates normally distributed random variables to represent examinees' ability levels on each dimension. The SAS/IML program calculates the probability of an examinee obtaining a correct response based on the MIRT model, then compares this probability with a uniform random number to decide the examinee's item response. If the probability is larger than the random number, the examinee is credited a correct response (i.e., an item score of 1), otherwise, a zero. The program allows control of the number of samples, the number of examinees, and the number of items for which item responses are generated |
sample, logistic distribution | source | 6 |
| 120 | Geostatistics Using SAS Software | Kate Ricci | Two experimental procedures in SAS/STAT@ Software Release 6.12, PROC VARIOGRAM and PROC KRIGE2D, allow two dimensional geostatistical modeling and estimation. A brief background in theory precedes a full geostatisticat analysis of spatially correlated data. The data are bathymetric soundings of depth in Lake Huron, presented in the NOAA Report ERL GLERL-16 Computerized 6afhymef/y and Shorelines of the Great Lake (Schwab and Sellers, 1996) |
sample, proc step, contour plot | source | 6 |
| 121 | Get Hiper About Hiperspaces | Fred R. Forst | SAS offers the option of using hiperspaces as the standard WORK file under MVS/ESA as a performance enhancement. This paper introduces hiperspaces under MVS, and the applicable SAS options to invoke hiperspace use. Also, attention is given to tuning the use of hiperspaces within MVS (i.e. MVS's SRM parameters). Performance gains can be astonishing with little or no work on the part of the user. Finally, specific case study | temporary dataset, proc step | source | 6 |
| 122 | Getting Started with Macro | H. Ian Whitlock | The macro language is a powerful tool, but it can be dangerous in the hands of the naive. This tutorial takes the first steps in building a strong foundation to understanding of the SAS /GD2 macro facility. Macro variables are introduced as parameters to a SAS program. Then %INCLUDE is added, and the power of this combination demonstrated. Macros are introduced as a better means of packaging code, and the consequences are explored with examples. Design issues and understanding are emphasized. The consequences of adding the DATA STEP functions CALL SYMPUT and CALL EXECUTE to the programmer's repertoire are considered. As an extension, very simple PROC SQL code is introduced to make macro variables holding lists. The power of this new tool is demonstrated with examples. If you restrict the use of macro to the above tools you have a dramatically more powerful language than SAS alone provides, and debugging is no harder than without these tools |
macro variable, macro facility | source | 10 |
| 123 | Getting Started with the Latest Features of SAS/AF Software | Marje Fecht | This hands-on workshop will show you how to exploit the latest features of SAS/AF software. Whether you are an experienced Application Developer or just getting started, you can benefit from the rapid application development approach that the newest |
source | 1 | |
| 124 | Getting Stylish with Version 7 Base Reporting | David W. Kelley, Sandy McNeill |
With Version 7 of the SAS System, you can exploit Output Delivery System (ODS) styles to produce HyperText Markup Language (HTML) summary and detail reports ready for Web publishing. This paper shows how you can customize the stylistic appearance of your reports using extensions to PROC REPORT and PROC TABULATE that are specific to ODS |
proc step, proc report, proc tabulate, proc format, class variable, proc template, if-then-else, ods html, proc gchart, output delivery system | source | 14 |
| 125 | Graphically Exploring Multidimensional Data in a Web Browser - Using New Features from SAS/GRAPH Software | Connie X. Li, James Sun |
proc gchart, output delivery system, proc step | source | 4 | |
| 126 | GUI KISSes: Tips and Strategies for Interface Design | John A. Quarantillo | This paper discusses Graphical User Interface (GUI) design. It is tempting for developers to build an interface using too many 'bells and whistles'. Such an interface, although technically appealing and challenging, can be difficult to develop and maintain, but most important, difficult to use. The acronym KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) applies well to interface design. A simple, effective interface should be designed with the users' needs taking first priority. Specific topics addressed include: which types of screen controls to use and when, keyboard and mouse support, designing with portability in mind, and testing. The audience level is beginner, and will focus more on the strategies used than the actual code to implement such interfaces | source | 3 | |
| 127 | How and When to Use WHERE | J. Meimei Ma, Sandra D. Schlotzhauer |
where statement, proc step, proc sql, proc freq, subsetting if, missing value, update statement, automatic variable, index, cpu time | source | 8 | |
| 128 | How and Why a SAS Data Warehouse Is Used to Manage the 2000 Decennial Census | Gail S. Davidson | The Decennial Census is the largest undertaking of the U.S. government, excluding war. The Management Information System (MIS) used to manage the 2000 Decennial Census operations is a complex, top to bottom SAS data warehouse. The warehouse data is stored on a UNIX server in a series of SAS data structures and is expected to grow to approximately 1TB in size by 2003. This paper will answer the questions: why was SAS chosen as the preferred data repository, not a traditional database product? What were our goals and constraints that shaped the design of the warehouse? And last but not least, shortcuts and lessons we learned along the way to enhance performance of loading and mining the warehouse data | data step, proc sql, management reporting, proc step | source | 3 |
| 129 | How I Converted a Batch Application System to Client-Server and Lived to Tell About It | Curtis A. Smith | After years of using batch applications, though they were user friendly, my users wanted something GUI, something that runs on their desktop, and something that interchanges with their other MS- Windows applications. So, I set out to convert my batch application system to something my users wanted. Armed with Base SAS, SAS/CONNECT, SAS/AF, a TCP/IP connection, Windows 95, my large-scale server, my existing batch code, and the will to succeed, I endeavored to build a user friendly, point-and-click, drag- and-drop, client-server environment. Within this paper I will describe the steps I took, the tools I used, and the lessons I learned. However, I will not discuss how to write SAS code, how to write SCL, or how to create a SAS/AF FRAME. I will just describe how I used them within my client-server environment |
macro variable, dataset, sas base, data warehouse, excel, data science, proc print, txt, regression analysis | source | 5 |
| 130 | How New Graphical EDA Techniques Can Reveal Hidden Relationships Between the Criminal Behavior of Federal Prisoners and Their Thinking Patterns | Dave L. DesJardins, Denise Golumbaski |
The purpose of this paper is to show the results of our graphical analysis of a detailed attitude survey conducted of a small group of prison inmates in a medium security federal correctional facility. The goal of our research was to gain insight into the possible relationships between inmates' thinking styles and key criminal patterns. Using new, easy to use, graphical Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) techniques, we were able to find many factors worth further investigation. In this paper, we show that, for this inmate population, there appear to be key links between criminal behavior and negative attitudes, choice of friends, and "dysfunctional" early childhood experiences. We hypothesize that these criminal attitudes/thought patterns, which also may possibly be linked to a number of key criminal rehabilitation factors, could be learned/changed in intimate social groups | correlation, data science, box plot | source | 6 |
| 131 | How to Display Correlated ROC Curves with the SAS System | Barbara G. Schneider | Diagnosis is an essential part of clinical practice. Much medical research is carried out to i mprove methods of diagnosis. Medical tests are developed for diagnosis | roc curve, logistic distribution, proc step, proc logistic, sample | source | 5 |
| 132 | How to Use Version 7 Features to Optimize the Distributed Capabilities of SAS Software | Cheryl A. Garner | sas output, macro variable, proc step, dataset | source | 10 | |
| 133 | HR Vision Software - A Decision Support System for Human Resource Professionals | Beverly Dudley | Currently, HR is rarely expected to have access to synthesized data- data that exists to answer questions, not just document actions. Production can do it, manufacturing can do it, finance must do it…but HR can't provide solid what-ifs. That's because human resources groups have been primarily concerned with transactional processing- getting data into the system and "on record" for EEOC reporting and historical purposes. HR professionals have been so tied to transactional processing that they don't have the hard numbers, the necessary data to be a player at the corporate decision making table. Soft data doesn't win at the table; hard data does. There is a move underway for HR to become more strategic, and more concerned with the quantifiable data. They are searching for tools that will help them understand their workforce and be able to quantify their critical success factors | data warehouse, data validation rules | source | 2 |
| 134 | HTML for the SAS Programmer | Lauren E. Haworth | With more and more output being delivered via the Internet, a little knowledge of HTML can go a long way toward improving the appearance of your output. This paper introduces some simple HTML coding techniques that are useful for SAS programmers. The paper will show how your SAS output is converted into HTML, and dem- onstrate HTML tricks that you can use in your SAS code to dress up your SAS HTML output. All of the examples can be produced using either SAS version 6 or version 7 | sas output, ods html, proc step | source | 6 |
| 135 | Implementing SAS IT Charge Manager at the State of Wisconsin | Bruce R. McClinton | The State of Wisconsin Department of Administration supports the diverse needs of state agencies for Information Technology services. The rapid growth of new programs such as the nationally recognized Wisconsin Works (W2) has put added demands on the resources of the department. The cost of these services must be recovered in an equitable fashion from client agencies. The department evaluated several accounting and chargeback tools in a search for one that would combine flexibility, and ease of administration. And position them to deliver chargeback information to the desktops of their customers. This paper describes our experiences in replacing CA-MICS in the installation of the new SAS IT Charge Manager product. We'll examine the features that influenced the State's choice. And how the State's reporting requirements resulted in some creative product tailoring | if-then-else, raw data, cpu time, macro definition | source | 6 |
| 136 | Improving SAS Data Access - An Evolutionary Experience (From Input Statements to Data Forms) | Bernd E. Imken | During a recent SAS Users Group presentation in Ottawa the audience was asked to identify how they input/edit/view data. 50% said they use the DATA STEP and PROC PRINT, another 45% said they used PROC FSEDIT, FSVIEW or VIEWTABLE, 5% said they developed custom AF screens. Out of this 5%, only one user said that they have experimented with Data Forms and Data Tables. The purpose of this paper is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and in particular to show why organizations such as the Patented Medicine Prices Review Board (PMPRB) benefit so significantly by using the more recently developed SAS facilities for user interaction. This paper describes how the Board evolved over the last 10 years. You may find that your organization is currently at some point on this same development time line |
proc step, input statement | source | 6 |
| 137 | Indexing and Compressing SAS Data Sets: How, Why, and Why Not | Andrew H. Karp | dataset, character variable, where statement, numeric variable, proc step, length statement | source | 5 | |
| 138 | Inferring Behavior on Rejected Credit Applicants-Three Approaches | Gregg Weldon | Ever since statistical modeling gained widespread acceptance in the credit industry, portfolio managers have struggled with how to build predictive models on their true, through-the-door population. In many cases, one third or more of the applicants that cross a lender's threshold are denied credit. Since some of any lender's approvals fail to perform as agreed, it's reasonable to assume that some of the lender's rejected applicants would have likewise paid satisfactorily. Any through-the-door risk model, then, must take all applicants into account, not just the ones whose performance is a known quantity. This paper focuses on three commonly-used methods of inferring behavior on these rejected applicants - Cohort Performance, Parceling, and Augmentation. Each method has its own strengths and weaknesses | sample, proc tabulate | source | 4 |
| 139 | Integrating Market and Credit Risks with SAS Institute's Risk Dimensions Software | Sam Harris | Measures of market risk project the possible loss in value of a portfolio due to movements in financial markets. Credit risk measures project the possible losses in a portfolio due to poor performance by a counterparty such as a downgrading in credit rating or an actual default on an obligation. In the past, financial institutions have measured market and credit risk separately. As global markets have matured, financial institutions have recognized that market and credit risks are intertwined and should be measured in an integrated manner. The challenge facing risk managers attempting to achieve this integrated measurement include a continuum of issues from fundamental data management to implementing complex analytical techniques robustly, to producing effective reports in a timely fashion. Risk Dimensions provides risk managers with an integrated environment in which the obstacles to integrating market and credit risk management can be overcome | credit risk, sas risk engine, market risk, monte carlo, sample | source | 8 |
| 140 | Integrating SAS Products Using Common Metadata | Catherine A. Phipps | SAS software products have always kept meta-data, or data about their data. But it was not until the introduction of a 'common meta-data model' that these products have actually been able to share their meta-data. SAS/EIS software, SAS/MDDB software, SAS/WAREHOUSE Administrator software and others have or are adding support for a common meta-data model. Some examples of the closer integration of these products through their common meta-data layer are discussed. For example, the ability to seamlessly create meta- data in one product and exploit it in another product is presented |
xml, proc contents | source | 3 |
| 141 | Interfacing SAS Software, Excel, and the Intranet without SAS/IntrNet Software or SAS Software for the Personal Computer | Peter Prause, Charles S. Patridge |
The Hartford's corporate planning system, called the Corporate Profit Model (CPM), is a SAS based multi-platform application that runs on a DEC Alpha VMS host and on a Windows NT Server. It makes heavy use of Base SAS and SAS/CONNECT on these platforms. It also interfaces with a Visual Basic (VB) application that runs under Microsoft EXCEL. The VB portion of the system allows users to input assumptions into the model, and view output generated from the model in the form of EXCEL spreadsheets. These inputs and outputs are accessed via the company's intranet facility. The Alpha portion of the system performs the necessary number crunching, with the NT Server portion serving as the connection between the user and the Alpha host |
excel, batch job, dataset, sas batch | source | 5 |
| 142 | Interviewing and Assessing SAS Programmers | Neil H. Howard | You are interviewing a candidate with a sharp navy suit, an impressive resume, ten years SAS experience, who knows his/her strengths and weaknesses and where he/she wants to be in 5 years. But how do you tell if this ten years of experience is really ten years, or the same year over and over again? If, indeed, past behavior (and/or past job performance) is the best indicator of future performance, how are we, the SAS community, judging and being judged as job applicants. What are assessment criteria? The author developed a survey tool administered to selected SAS programmers and managers to see if the tri cks of our trade can be determined | sas programmer, quality control | source | 6 |
| 143 | Intranet Security and SAS Software: A Brute Force Approach | Kerril S. Bauerly | macro variable, n | source | 5 | |
| 144 | Intranet Security and SAS Software: A Sneaky Approach to Dynamic Applications | Kerril S. Bauerly | proc step, proc sql | source | 6 | |
| 145 | Introduction to SAS Functions | Neil H. Howard | A FUNCTION returns a value from a computation or system manipulation that requires zero or more arguments. And, like most programming languages, the SAS System provides an extensive library of "built-in" functions. SAS has more than 190 functions for a variety of programming tasks. This tutorial will cover the syntax for invoking functions, an overview of the functions available, examples of commonly used functions, selected character handling and numeric functions, and some tricks and applications of functions that will surprise you. Breaking Down a FUNCTION - Syntax Given the above definition of a function, the syntax and components should be examined. A function recognized in a SAS statement by the use of a function name, followed immediately by function argument(s), separated by commas, and enclosed in parentheses | put statement, proc step, missing value, sample, date and time functions, input statement, numeric functions, sysdate9, lookup, character functions | source | 7 |
| 146 | Introduction to SAS/FSP Software in Version 7 | Terry Fain, Cyndie B. Gareleck |
SAS/FSP is a set of procedures used to perform full-screen interactive data entry, data editing, data retrieval, and data query. This tutorial provides a basic overview of SAS/FSP software under version 7.0 of the SAS System 1 . Topics include: creating a new SAS data set customizing data screens data entry data query * browsing SAS data sets The focus of this tutorial is on PROC FSEDIT although other procedures such as PROC FSBROWSE and PROC FSVIEW will be briefly discussed. Screen control language (SCL) is considered an advanced topic and will not be covered in this tutorial |
proc step, dataset | source | 5 |
| 147 | Introduction to SAS/GRAPH | Philip A. Mason | sample, bar chart, proc step | source | 6 | |
| 148 | Jazzing up Your Reports Some Tricks with PROC REPORT | David R. Trenery | PROC REPORT is an extremely useful and versatile procedure for producing tables and listings. There are several enhancements that I wanted in my reports, which I could not find in the manual. I produce many reports and I wanted to automatically break-up reports with solid lines, add customised page numbering and conditional footnotes. This paper outlines my solutions. It is targeted at those who have had some previous experience with PROC REPORT |
proc report, proc step | source | 3 |
| 149 | Just Enough Database for Manufacturing Yield Analysis | Robert A. Rutledge, Linda H. Tai, Garth W. Helf |
The IBM Storage Systems Division operates advanced manufacturing facilities for fabricating, assembling and testing all of the major components of IBM data storage products, from disks and magneto-resistive heads through finished disk drives and storage subsystems. The operational data from our manufacturing sites are also used for engineering analysis, yield management and problem diagnosis, within each factory and across factories throughout the division. This cross- functional data allows us to exploit the benefit of vertical integration by analyzing the relationships between hard drive performance and component measurements, and using the resulting insight to eliminate yield detractors and optimize the performance and quality of the finished product. However, the data association task is very time - consuming because the operational data are located in several different databases, and the logical relationships among databases is quite complex | drive test, proc step, proc sql, data mining | source | 6 |
| 150 | Keeping Your Data in Step - Utilizing Efficiencies | Michael G. Sadof | In research and in business we typically read and manipulate large amounts of data. Analyzing and processing vast quantities of data can not only be a chore but it can be a resource hog. The SAS System provides us with the tools to turn that data into information very easily and efficiently. This paper will focus on processing large data sets and explore the ways in which we can use the DATA STEP effectively to make the best use of system resources. It will explore topics such as: Keep, Drop, and Length statements Efficient Merging Faster Sorting Indexing Compressing Benchmarking of SQL, vs. Sort, vs. Merge Manipulating workspace Summarizing * Reformatting By utilizing these efficiency techniques you can make the leap from a novice to an expert SAS programmer with ease |
proc step, data step, dataset, length statement, proc datasets, where statement, proc sql, drop statement, proc sort, numeric variable, proc contents, proc format, cpu time, if-then-else, format statement | source | 7 |
| 151 | Knowledge Management-Integrated Solutions for Information Delivery | Kimberly A. Foster | Knowledge Management is defined as the systematic process of finding, selecting, organizing, distilling, and presenting information in a way that improves an employee's comprehension and use of business assets in a specific area of interest. Knowledge Management provides the ability to link structured and unstructured information with the changing rules by which people apply it. This paper will cover the concepts that define knowledge management and processes for integration with enterprise data management techniques. The author will define the four key areas of KM with concentration on EDM and BI components, successful information delivery through the deployment of these components as well as the roles required to support these solutions. This paper will also touch on areas such as collaboration and document automation | data mining, business intelligence | source | 8 |
| 152 | Language Interpretation of Prescription Label Sigs: Computing Daily Consumptions in Medication Compliance Studies | Patty J. Keys | Computing daily consumptions in medication compliance studies has been an arduous task. Pharmacy dispensing information systems typically report a 'days supply' data field. However, the information contained in it is unpredictable, at best. A more reliable method of computing daily consumptions is interpretation of the sig field on the prescription label. However, the data entered in it is commonly a combination of pre-determined abbreviations, custom abbreviations and free text entries which often times include misspelled words | index, compress function | source | 5 |
| 153 | Large Scale Data Warehousing with the SAS System | Tony Brown, Leigh A. Ihnen, Jim Craig |
Aspects of design, modeling, and physical implementation of data warehouse structures are driven by the volume and data access patterns that are involved. The SAS System provides excellent scalability for data warehouse structures. There are several key architectural and physical implementation and access issues that must be dealt with to enable the best possible performance. This paper will discuss large data task issues, scalability in data architectures, and how the data can be modeled, stored, and physically I/O managed to achieve the best performance with the SAS System. This paper should be of interest to experienced data warehouse practitioners and users, who currently or will work with large scale systems. An assumption is made that the reader has very basic knowledge pertaining to disk I/O subsystems | time series analysis, star schema, parallel processing, time series data, proc sql, data warehouse, dataset, bufsize, fact table, metadata management, proc freq | source | 10 |
| 154 | Macro Quoting Functions, Other Special Character Masking Tools, and How To Use Them | Arthur L. Carpenter | Quoting functions allow the user to pass macro arguments while selectively removing the special meaning from characters such as &, %, ;, ', and ". Most of these functions are not commonly used and are even less commonly understood. Although they are powerful and can even be necessary, usually programming solutions are available that do not require the use of the quoting functions. When are quoting functions needed? When needed how are they used? Which one should be selected? This paper will discuss when to use and when to avoid quoting functions. In addition the discussion will include solutions that avoid the use of quoting functions. Fortunately there are several ways to mask special characters within the macro language. These include quoting functions, %DO blocks, restructuring of statements, and the character mask (%) | macro variable, macro quoting function, macro loop, macro facility, macro function, proc print, %if-%then-%else, macro put, proc step, macro definition | source | 5 |
| 155 | Making the Output Delivery System (ODS) Work for You | Bill Fehlner | Over the years, a variety of options have been offered in order to give a SAS user access to SAS procedure output. In Version 7 of SAS Software, the Output Delivery System (ODS) has come of age and offers a standard means to capture output and convert it into formatted reports, html files or SAS data sets.. This tutorial introduces basic techniques for using ODS to transfer output values to a SAS data set, to create a custom print file, to generate an html file for a web site and to customize output prior to download to a spreadsheet. Only basic knowledge of the SAS system is assumed. You should be familiar with DATA STEP basics (e.g. formats, labels) and be able to create reports from some procedures (e.g. univariate) when default options are used. For additional technical details, a list of references is provided as a starting point for learning more |
ods html, output delivery system, data step, proc template, sample, file statement, sas base, dataset, sas output, proc step, proc univariate, sas log | source | 5 |
| 156 | Managing SAS Programs | David L. Ward | This paper presents a solution to the ever-present problem of SAS/G93 program documentation. As companies that use SAS/G93 grow, so does the number of SAS/G93 programs that they must manage. This can quickly become a frightening task since SAS/G93 programs are so easy to set up and run. In the course of a few weeks, hundreds of SAS/G93 programs can emerge, and with no good method of documenting them, finding the right program at the right time can be impossible |
catalog, proc step, %if-%then-%else, proc catalog, macro definition | source | 3 |
| 157 | Managing Your SAS Web Applications by Using Web Page Counters Created Through SAS/IntrNet Software | Heather M. Tavel | U S West analysts use counters on many of their web pages to monitor the use of internal reporting tools. The information from these counters indicates whether a tool is meeting the needs of the customer, and possibly whether the analyst should even continue maintaining the tool. In the move to use dynamic web reports created with SAS/INTRNET software as opposed to static HTML files and Perl scripts, the assumption was that counters based on Perl scripts would still be used. However, counters can be created using simple techniques through SAS/INTRNET tools and base SAS software, keeping the programming consistent, and giving the analyst easy access to data that can be instrumental in determining work priorities. Data retrieved from counter data sets can easily be plotted with SAS/GRAPH software to find out whether usage is increasing or decreasing, and to also find out patterns of fluctuation |
data step, proc sql | source | 3 |
| 158 | MDDB Support in Scalable Performance Data Server 2.5 | Amitava Ghosh | view, proc step | source | 2 | |
| 159 | Measurement of Interrater Agreement: A SAS/IML Macro Kappa Procedure for Handling Incomplete Data | Honghu Liu, Ron D. Hays |
Reliability refers to the extent to which the same score is obtained on multiple administrations. Interrater reliability is evaluated by comparing scores assigned to the same targets by two or more raters. Kappa is perhaps the most commonly used index of interrater agreement. Kappa is scaled to be 0 when the amount of agreement is what would be expected to be observed by chance and 1 when there is perfect agreement. Kappa can be obtained from SAS PROC FREQ, but this procedure can only handle complete data (i.e., each rater uses every possible choice on the response scale at least once). For incomplete data, one will either be unable to get kappa (if non-square table) or one will get a wrong kappa (if irregular square table) through |
cohen's kappa, proc freq, confidence interval, proc calis, sas base, macro definition, proc step | source | 6 |
| 160 | Mini Macros for Major Management of Longitudinal Data | Philip J. d'Almada | A SAS program running on Windows NT and utilizing SAS macroprocessing was designed and developed by the author in order to present the data managers of a longitudinal database with a tool to monitor the monthly additions to this longitudinal database. This program was finally developed in its current version when data inconsistencies, that were discerned in the database, prompted a structured and consistent yet analytic perusal of the database for such crucial inconsistencies. The program was designed with four macros that each respectively (i) creates the data tracking variables, (ii) prints the tracking data, (iii) completes a crosscheck of chronologically successive data sets, and (iv) invokes the previously mentioned three macros for each of the two types of SAS data sets that would be monitored. This is accomplished by the end-user keying the month-order, the three-letter abbreviation for the month, and the year of interest for both the two months of interest | macro definition, &variable | source | 2 |
| 161 | Modeling Event Count Data with PROC GENMOD and the SAS System | Matthew J. Flynn | poisson distribution, proc genmod, proc step, interaction effect, proc freq, main effect, likelihood function, regression analysis | source | 6 | |
| 162 | More Windows to the Outside World: Configuring and Using ODBC in V ersion 7 of the SAS System | S. David Riba | Open DataBase Connectivity (ODBC) has evolved into the standard for exchanging information between almost all of the common database applications. SAS introduced support for ODBC several years ago in Version 6.10. Using ODBC, it is possible to exchange data between SAS and most other DBMSs, such as Oracle, EXCEL, Lotus, and SQL Server. This is an update to the paper originally presented at SUGI 21 in 1996. The original paper introduced the concepts behind ODBC, and illustrated how to configure and use ODBC with the SAS System. The interfaces to ODBC have changed with Version 7 of the SAS System. This paper will examine those changes and the new procedures to interface SAS and ODBC. The presentation is intended for those with Intermediate to Advanced levels of SAS knowledge |
proc sql, sql server, proc step, excel | source | 3 |
| 163 | New PROC REPORT Procedure - An Enhanced PROC REPORT | Quan Ren | This paper is intended to present an enhanced PROC REPORT procedure. With traditional REPORT procedure, statistics MEDIAN can not be calculated , BOX option can draw grills on the report table , but it can not draw lines separating different headers , also it can not be used with text FLOW option which is used to wrap long texts. When FLOW option is used to wrap a long text, it puts every wrapped part of the text in a separate line, it's hard even impossible to tell which line is wrapped down from its previous line. With the enhanced procedure, statistics MEDIAN can be calculated, BOX option and text FLOW option have been improved. Now, BOX option can draw vertical and horizontal lines to separate headers and it can also be used with FLOW option. When FLOW option is used to wrap long texts, it groups the wrapped parts by the original texts, it's easy to tell which line is wrapped down from its previous line |
proc report, adverse events, proc step | source | 4 |
| 164 | No Program Is An Island: Passing Parameters to Tasks Launched by Servers and Schedulers | Michael L. Davis, Gregory S. Barnes Nelson |
Many computer tasks are controlled and modified by parameters. They convey to our tasks information such as what range of dates to include, which reports to run, where to find the raw data, and sometimes whether an error has occurred that should cause suspension of the requested task. Parameters are one of the main means for tying tasks together to form applications. When using SAS/AF 1 and SCL, parameters can be passed along with CALL statements, through SCL Lists and SLIST catalog entries, parameter data sets and files, and through macro variables. This paper will explore and contrast examples of these techniques. Strategies to choose the best means for passing parameters to different types of successor tasks will be offered. When tasks are launched by a web server or a production scheduler, additional problems may emerge |
macro variable, catalog entry, dataset, macro parameter, sas base, macro facility, data step, proc print, call execute, flat file, txt, proc step, macro call, date variable, macro definition | source | 10 |
| 165 | Obtaining Response-Time and Service Level Information About Your SAS System Applications | Terry Lewis, Daniel J. Squillace |
Management and tuning of business transactions and applications has historically been difficult, particularly in distributed environments. Version 2.0 of the ARM API provides a standardized method of instrumenting applications so that variety of performance, availability, and throughput metrics can be monitored. This paper discusses how the ARM API has been implemented in SAS software to enable the instrumentation of business applications. Details on the interface, instrumentation examples, and management reports using the data are discussed | data step, macro variable, sas function, macro definition, filename statement, sas base, unique key | source | 10 |
| 166 | OLE DB for OLAP: SAS Institute Leading the Way | Duane E. Ressler, Randy Pierce |
Open access to SAS data warehouses means more than just ODBC access to SAS data sets. Today with the growth of OLAP data stores in a SAS data warehouse it is important to offer open access to multidimensional data stores such as those in SAS/MDDB server and CFO Vision software. With the Microsoft API OLE DB for OLAP, SAS introduces openness to its OLAP data stores through the Open OLAP Server. It is now possible to use popular Windows-based OLAP applications like EXCEL, Cognos (PowerPlay), and Knosys (ProClarity) to access SAS multidimensional data stores. This support also allows customers to build their own client applications using development tools such as Visual Basic, C++, and scripting languages such as VB Script and JAVA Script |
data warehouse, proc sql, sample, excel | source | 4 |
| 167 | Optimizing the Processing of VSAM Data Sets With The SAS System | Michael A. Raithel | Ever since its introduction in 1973, the Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) has been a popular data storage construct on MVS systems. VSAM is the cornerstone of online applications such as IMS and CICS, and is widely used in vendor packages and in- house-written batch applications. Its flexibility and automatic internal data management routines have long made it an access method of choice. This paper focuses on how SAS programmers can optimize the processing of VSAM data sets by manipulating VSAM buffers. It presents specific techniques and methodologies for determining what kind, and how many VSAM buffers to allocate to a SAS program. If implemented correctly, these buffering methodologies will greatly reduce disk I/O's, reduce CPU time, and lead to better job turnaround time | cpu time, sas programmer, file statement, infile statement, batch job | source | 7 |
| 168 | Out of the Mainframe &Into the Web: The Trials and Tribulations of Porting SAS Mainframe Applications to the Web | Thomas E. Link, Pranav K. Patel, M. Arthur Alexander, Thomas A. Dessen |
extract, proc step, bar chart | source | 9 | |
| 169 | Outta Space with SAS Software? | Philip R. Holland | When running SAS programs on a PC, the user needs only to worry about how much free space there is on the PC they are using. However, when SAS programs are run under MVS on a mainframe machine, the correct use of disk space for WORK and permanent SAS Data Libraries is more complex, but essential to their smooth running. This paper describes various methods of exploiting the space available on a mainframe | dataset, proc step, data wrangling, temporary dataset, proc sql, options statement, missing value, proc append, create table, libname statement | source | 5 |
| 170 | Performance Data Server 2.1: T uning and Performance | Daniel M. Sargent Scalable | This paper will discuss the methodology of tuning the SPD server for maximum performance. Factors like disk configuration, striping hardware/logical, thread count, data organization, index types, and memory and their effect to the overall performance of the SAS/SPD Server software will be discussed. Examples and actual performance benchmark results will be presented |
source | 2 | |
| 171 | Performance Enhancements to PROC SQL in Version 7 of the SAS System | Lewis Church Jr. | This document describes three performance improve- ments made to PROC SQL for Version 7 of the SAS System. These improvements are: development of an implicit, or automatic, form of PassThrough to enable better execution of PROC SQL queries that referenced one or more data sets via SAS/ACCESS software, enabling any WHERE clause specified by a procedure statement to be pushed down into a view referenced in the DATA= option of that procedure, and * making the most common use of an alias much less expensive |
proc sql, proc step, proc print, where statement, full join, missing value | source | 6 |
| 172 | Poisson Regression Adjustment of Event Rates and Its Macro Procedure ADJ_POIS | Dingyi Zhao | This paper aims to introduce an adjustment method of event rates and its macro procedure. SAS PROC GENMOD with the Poisson distribution option can calculate the predicted adjusted rate at the mean levels of the independent variables. Due to nonlinear nature of the model, F(E(X)) is not equal to E(F(X)). A corrected adjusted rate is calculated by multiplying a constant. Macro ADJ_POIS can calculate the predicted and corrected adjusted rates and their upper and lower 95% confidence intervals, can display the analysis results and can provide output datasets with adjusted statistics and CIs and with beta estimates, standards errors and P-values |
out=, predictor variable, poisson distribution, poisson regression, regression analysis | source | 6 |
| 173 | Practical Tips and Techniques for Building an Enterprise Data Warehouse in an IBM Mainframe Environment | Jugdish Mistry, John Finianos |
Much has been said about the implementation phase of an Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) project in general terms. Those who are directly involved in this phase appreciate the real value of knowing a few practical tips and techniques in speeding up deliverables and streamlining the whole implementation phase from source access to EDW load. This paper will discuss essential tips and techniques that have been practically acquired during the implementation of a SAS based data warehouse in the banking industry. Techniques such as splitting libraries, overcoming the 5 volumes limitation of SAS libraries, synchronizing EDW load processes, collecting process log data for reporting and control, building and managing format or lookup tables, techniques for space estimation, calculations and monitoring, naming conventions, filtering data, in addition to other nifty utilities built on the job | format statement, dataset, sas library, raw data, macro definition, record count, excel | source | 6 |
| 174 | Presenting Multi-Level Information in One Plot by Dynamically Generating the PLOT Statement | Li Yuan, Bill Zhang |
In clinical and pre-clinical trial studies, data sets usually contain information on treatment groups, subjects, event time points, and efficacy parameters. Very often we are interested in presenting treatment group level, subject level, and even subgroup (i.e. gender, age group, tooth surface etc.) level information in the same plot. For example, we might be interested in drawing lines for each subject over the visit time points and at the same time using different line styles and colors to distinguish each treatment group and subgroup in the same plot. Using the current version of SAS/GRAPH one can only present one level of information on one plot, i.e., parameter time point = subject, parameter time point = treatment group, or parameter * time point = subgroup. One way to improve this is to use |
proc step, proc greplay, macro variable, macro definition, macro facility, proc gplot, macro loop | source | 4 |
| 175 | PROC FORMAT Provides Efficient Current Descriptions of Codes in Large Tables | Robert M. Romero | Relational Databases often store codes in large tables in order to save space and improve processing speed. Library look-up tables provide descriptions with the codes in order to decipher what the codes mean. A table join is needed so that the description is available when the data is printed in a report. PROC FORMAT allows the descriptions to be printed when needed, without the extra processing of joining tables. A SAS view of a relational library table is then used to provide up-to-date descriptions of the code without using extra space |
proc format, proc step, dataset, proc sql | source | 1 |
| 176 | Programming Idioms Using the SET Statement | Jack E. Fuller | While virtually every p rogrammer of base SAS uses the SET statement, surprisingly few programmers know what it a ctually does. E ven fewer programmers use t he full range of its potential at both compile a nd execution tim es. This paper provides both a basic introduction to the SET statement and a series of programming idioms for solving common and not so common problems using the SET statement |
set statement, key=, numeric variable, proc sql | source | 6 |
| 177 | Project RAPTOR: Implementation and Exploitation of a Manufacturing Data Warehouse | Anne I. Brooks, Roger Thompson |
As the cost and complexity of semiconductor manufacturing processes increase, companies such as Texas Instruments, Inc. face increasing pressure to improve the yield of devices produced. Demonstrating, and maintaining, high manufacturing yields is a critical and ongoing effort, which offers significant returns on investment. Small variations in yield can directly impact cost and revenue by millions of dollars. Furthermore, the ability to quickly ramp yield on new technologies can provide a tremendous competitive edge in the marketplace during lucrative early stages of a product cycle. A crucial task in yield improvement efforts is thorough data analysis. TI's Raptor project was launched to provide a standardized architecture for data analysis that could be deployed to multiple wafer fabs, assembly sites, and product groups | data warehouse, data science, sample | source | 6 |
| 178 | Project Request and Tracking Using SAS/IntrNet Software | Steven D. Beakley | The following paper describes a project request and tracking system that has been implemented using SAS/INTRNET software. The system allows internal clients of a team of SAS developers to request statistical reports and applications, and management to assign resources to these requests. It also provides a means for the developers to record their status on such requests. The client or management can then query project status in order to monitor their progress |
macro variable, permanent dataset, data cleaning, proc step | source | 5 |
| 179 | Publishing User Documentation: PDF or HTML? | Michael L. Davis | At SUGI 23, the author presented the case for replacing paper documentation with electronic formats, and explained how to go about creating user documentation using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Since then, he has come to recognize that in many situations, Adobe Acrobat (PDF) files offer some attractive benefits over HTML files when publishing user instructions for SAS applications. This presentation will contrast the benefits and drawbacks of these two document formats. The focus will be the appearance, portab ility, ease of creation, and the software needed to read and print each format. The remainder of the presentation will be a tutorial on how documentation may be converted to PDF files by using either Adobe Acrobat or word processing program "plug-ins". Last, advice on some of the common traps in creating PDF files and how they may be avoided will be offered | source | 9 | |
| 180 | Putting Executive Scorecards on the Web with SAS | Julie K. Lindeman, Robert M. Romero, Heather M. Tavel |
Many quality and performance measures are available on U S WEST's Intranet using the SAS System. The Vice Presidents and Executive Directors have asked for their own "Scorecards" on the Web which show only their measures on one page. The scorecards were required to have the results and targets of each measure on a daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and year-to-date basis. This paper talks about putting the information together from different data sets onto each scorecard with the same columns. The columns with the time-based results, were computed using SAS date functions. The values were also converted to character formats in order to have percents (%), dollars ($), and numbers displayed in a column. HTML, htmSQL, and SAS programs are set up to use the SAS/INTRNET Application Dispatcher to produce the desired scorecard with the capability to drill down to a state level. Each row of the scorecard is linked with the web page of the measure |
data step, excel | source | 5 |
| 181 | Randomly Download Data from DB2 Database on Mainframe to SAS Data Set on RISC/6000 via SAS | Wen Lin | In the Production Management Computer System of BaoSteel, all the production data are stored in DB2 database on mainframe. As a subsystem, the Quality Analyzing System on RISC/6000(SP), which is developed by SAS/AIX, accesses DB2 table and then analyzes these data to gain the correct statistics. So as to develop the application system, the all-important is how to access DB2 table on mainframe from SP reasonably and efficiently. This paper simply addresses why adopting the method which is randomly download data from DB2 database to SAS data set but not directly access the data on DB2 database, and at the same time emphasizes the process of the achievements with SAS/CONNECT and |
dataset, create table, proc sql | source | 4 |
| 182 | Reading External Files Using SAS Software | Clinton S. Rickards | In the real world, most data are not stored in SAS data sets. Typical data repositories used by business and academia include legacy mainframe files, client/server relational database management systems, and simple text files on desktop computers. While we want to use SAS to examine, to analyze, to display, and to graph this data, SAS works best with data stored in SAS data sets, not with data stored in their native forms. Fortunately, SAS has very powerful tools for reading a wide variety of external files, from the most rudimentary to the most complex. This paper is an updated and expanded version of similar papers presented by the author at previous SAS conferences and will introduce DATA STEP techniques for reading standard external files not stored in data base management systems or proprietary file structures. We will begin with a brief overview of what to do before writing any code, followed by an examination of the SAS statements used to read an external file |
input statement, infile statement, dataset, pointer control, filename statement, formatted input, list input, character variable, numeric constant, raw data, variable list, data step, column input | source | 9 |
| 183 | Realizing Baosteel's Technology &Quality Data Warehouse Based on SAS | Zhang Yaochun | In this paper the distributions of Baosteel's technology and quality data are described at first. How to realize the Baosteel's Technology & Quality Data Warehouse (BTQDW) based SAS software is discussed in detail | sas base, data mart, data warehouse, quality control | source | 4 |
| 184 | Recent Advances in Categorical Data Analysis | Maura E. Stokes | The last fifteen years have brought many changes to the practice of categorical data analysis. This pa- per reviews some of the major changes and shifts of emphasis and discusses several examples using SAS software procedures. Topics include the use of exact methods, Generalized Estimating Equations, conditional logistic regression, and current uses of weighted least squares modeling. Applications pro- vide illustrations for many topics. This paper de- scribes software currently available in the SAS Sys- tem and indicates the areas where users can ex- pect to find strategies implemented in the next few releases. The references include some pertinent methodology and review papers | source | 11 | |
| 185 | Relational Database Schemes and SAS Software SQL Solutions | Sigurd W. Hermansen | A logical data model should do more than help a DBA protect the integrity of a database; it should also make life easier for programmers. A scheme such as that displayed in a simple E-R diagram can serve as a map that a programmer can use to navigate through a database. Primary and foreign keys can represent different entities and their interactions in the real world. Integrity constraints built into a database can guarantee that normal updates will not invalidate a correct program. This presentation looks at database design from the point of view of a programmer. It begins with examples of alternative database schemes and how they can make programming harder or easier. Following a brief overview of the concepts of relations and dimensions, the emphasis shifts to more complex database schemes and methods. Examples include data- based links among locations, persons, laboratory specimens, and clinical events, and among vendors, clients, and sales | proc sql, relational database, key, data step, data standard, foreign key, data integrity, dataset, constraint | source | 9 |
| 186 | Reporting Multidimensional Data on the Web using SAS/GRAPH and SAS/IntrNet Software | Edward A. Tasch | This paper describes how multidimensional data is presented in the form of dynamically generated graphics for output on the web. Target audiences should have a basic understanding of the web environment, HTML, SAS GRAPH and the SAS macro language. SAS products required for the implementation of this paper's application: Base SAS, SAS SHARE, SAS/INTRNET, SAS CONNECT and SAS GRAPH. This paper is an extension of last year's presentation at SUGI titled Becoming "Web Enabled" with SAS/INTRNET Software . Whereas last year's presentation described how existing SAS programs became enabled for web application, this presentation describes the evolution of a conventional (i.e. text) report into the realm of reporting data with graphics. The focus of this paper highlights the challenge of reporting multidimensional data on the web in the form of graphs. Our primary |
histogram, missing value | source | 7 |
| 187 | Robust Outlier Identification using SAS | Jack N. Shoemaker | sample, outlier, proc step, raw data, macro call, normal distribution, flag variable, box plot, data step, proc sort, proc univariate | source | 8 | |
| 188 | Rocky Mountain Web: Telecom Network Interconnection Quality Measurements | Faith R. Sloan, Larry D. Bramblett |
data mart, macro variable, %if-%then-%else, macro definition, dataset | source | 9 | |
| 189 | SAS Component Object Model (SCOM) in Version 7 SAS/AF Software | Tammy L. Gagliano, Sue Her |
What does it mean to design a new class in SAS/AF software so that it fully exploits the new SAS Component Object Model (SCOM) architecture? What benefits do the new features bring? How can you incorporate these new features into existing applications? Is it worth your time? This paper will answer these questions and more while describing the new SCOM architecture in detail. Examples will be shown to illustrate how it can be used to reduce the time it takes to develop applications as well as improve your application's performance |
error message, data cleaning, dataset, sysrc | source | 9 |
| 190 | SAS Integration Technologies Overview | Steve Jenisch, Chip Kelly, Mark Gass |
Two key application design principles are evident in modern systems. First, server functionality should be decoupled from presentation functionality, allowing common back-end applications to be exploited across a diverse set of customized user interfaces. Second, enterprise-class solutions often entail the integration of several disparate vendor applications, such that application interoperability and flexibility of deployment are required. Several middleware technology standards have emerged as enablers of these principles. Component-based distributed object platforms expressed by the Object Management Group's CORBA/IIOP and Microsoft's COM address these considerations within an object- oriented programming model. Similarly, message-queuing platforms expressed by IBM's MQSeries and Microsoft's MSMQ address these considerations within a message-passing programming model | sample, network optimization | source | 1 |
| 191 | SAS Macros Beyond the Basics | Jay A. Jaffe | macro variable, macro facility, %if-%then-%else, macro definition, macro put, proc step, proc print, put statement, sas log, macro loop, &variable, macro trigger, macro function, macro quoting function | source | 10 | |
| 192 | SAS Program Efficiency for Beginners | Bruce F. Gilsen | dataset, where statement, if-then-else, subsetting if, proc step, input statement, character variable, conditional do loop, proc append, set statement, sas function, numeric variable, put statement, flat file | source | 9 | |
| 193 | SAS RDBMS!A GUI Approach to Data Entry Using SAS/AF Software Enforced with Relational Model Integrity Constraints from ORACLE | Annie S. Guo | For the long term follow-up of an international, epidemiological study, 4000 cardiac surgery patients' responses to interview questions are recorded on interview answer sheets. The responses are processed and saved in | dataset, where statement, key, foreign key, data integrity, data validation rules, follow-up period, constraint | source | 6 |
| 194 | SAS Skills for the Next Millennium A Geek Peek into the (not so distant) Future | Gregory S. Barnes Nelson, Jodi Barnes Nelson |
Whether you are a new SAS user, an accomplished developer or a manager responsible for recruitment and selection of SAS talent, you will be interested in this look at what it takes to be a SAS programmer in the Year 2000 and beyond. It is a compendium of quotes and commentary for SAS programmers (or anyone for that matter!) to think about that helps you focus on what skills will be in demand. Most of this paper is centered on non-technology specific concepts, although there is some discussion about specific SAS skills we think employers, clients and partners will seek | sas programmer, data warehouse | source | 10 |
| 195 | SAS Software and the Performance Effect of Parallel Architectures | Keith F. Olsen, James T. West |
There are a number of different parallel architectures: parallel hardware implementations, parallel file systems, parallel application enablement software, and parallel databases. Tests were performed to evaluate and demonstrate the positive peformance effects of each of these architectures when used with the SAS System. A brief description of these tests, and their results, are presented in this paper | txt, relational database | source | 5 |
| 196 | SAS Software and the W orld Wide W eb: Simplified | Faith Reneé Sloan | proc contents, proc tabulate, ods html, dataset, macro definition | source | 7 | |
| 197 | SAS Software MDDBs Solve Real-World Problems for 1997 Economic Census | Shirin A. Ahmed, Kimberly D. Yarbrough |
To accommodate the conversion from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), the U.S. Census Bureau implemented a warehousing solution. Known as the NAICS Database System, it became pivotal to the 1997 Economic Census. It provided corporate data, access, and analytical tools using SAS products - primarily SAS data sets, SAS/EIS software, SAS/MDDB software, SAS/AF software, and SAS programming language. As a warehousing project, the NAICS Database System consolidates information from legacy systems across the economic area at the Census Bureau for data analysis and production of composite publications. Unlike other data warehousing projects, it differs in three respects. First, it is integrated into production systems for the Economic Census, and refreshed weekly. Second, its use is tied to actual deliverables in the publication release of first-time economy-wide Core Statistics Reports |
sample, dataset | source | 6 |
| 198 | SAS webAF for Java Application Development, a First Sip | Larry Hoyle, Mickey Waxman |
sas output, regression analysis | source | ||
| 199 | SAS/FSP Software: T ricking the Small Screen into Imitating Life | Irene Mendelson | ascii, data science | source | ||
| 200 | SAS/GRAPH Software via RSUBMIT for Web Browser | Hsiwei Yu | This paper discusses techniques for generating SAS/GRAPH on remote host, then sending it back to the web server machine for display on the Internet |
proc step, proc greplay, proc download | source | 2 |
| 201 | See Ya CLIST: Migration of SAS Applications from the IBM Mainframe to the Web | Joyce C. Zandee, Paul J. Lewis |
This paper discusses the conversion and consolidation of several mainframe SAS | dataset, error message | source | 4 |
| 202 | Shortcuts | Janet E. Stuelpner | There are many ways to write a variable list. Of course, you can list every variable, which requires a great deal of typing, if you have a large number of variables. However, there are some shortcuts. This paper will discuss several ways within the base SAS product to cut down on the amount of typing that is usually done when listing variables | variable list, name range list, numbered range list | source | 2 |
| 203 | Show Them What's Important: Solutions for a Finite Workday in an Era of Information Overload | LeRoy Bessler | horizontal bar chart, bar chart | source | ||
| 204 | Simplification on Learning Model by Using PROC GENMOD | Kuolung Hu, David Mckinzie, Karen Nowak |
Longitudinal data sets are comprised of repeated observations of an outcome and a set of covariates for each of many subjects. One | correlation, regression analysis, likelihood function, proc genmod, predictor variable, estimate, repeated measures, covariance | source | 6 |
| 205 | Simulation and Estimation of Fractionally Integrated Time Series | Jeffrey S. Butler | time series analysis, sample, proc freq, proc step, regression analysis, maximum likelihood estimation, likelihood function, first difference, monte carlo, correlation, stationarity | source | 6 | |
| 206 | So Now You're Using PROC REPORT. Is it Pretty and Automated? | Daphne E. Ewing, Ray Pass |
PROC REPORT will display data. That's a given. That it is more powerful than the standard SAS reporting tool PROC PRINT is also becoming common knowledge. But what can PROC REPORT really do? It is certainly more than a glorified PROC PRINT, but it does take some additional work beyond mastering some of the basics of the procedure before it can be used to produce output that can rival that of a serious DATA _NULL_ step. This paper will discuss the use of several customized macros which can work together with some PROC REPORT options, and standard SAS title and footnote statements, to make your PROC REPORT output really shine. The purpose of this paper is to provide some methods, through a progressive series of examples, to enhance the output created when using PROC REPORT. It is assumed that you know how to write a basic PROC REPORT program including COLUMN, DEFINE, COMPUTE, and BREAK portions of the syntax |
proc report, proc step, macro variable, footnote statement, sample, options statement, macro definition | source | 10 |
| 207 | So You're Running Out of Sort Work Space... Reducing the Resources Used by PROC SORT | Bob Virgil | proc sort, proc step, cpu time, dataset, options statement | source | 6 | |
| 208 | So You're Still Not Using PROC REPORT. Why Not? | Ray Pass, Daphne E. Ewing |
Everyone who can spell SAS knows how to use PROC PRINT. Its primary use may be as a development tool to help in debugging a long multi-step program, or as a simple report generator when all that is really needed is a quick look at the data, or even a basic low-level finished report. However, if a report generation/information delivery tool with powerful formatting, summarizing and analysis features is called for, then PROC REPORT is the solution. PROC REPORT can provide the standard PROC PRINT functionality, but in addition, can easily perform many of the tasks that you would otherwise have to use the SORT, MEANS, FREQ and TABULATE procedures to accomplish. PROC REPORT is part of the Base SAS product, can run in both an interactive screen-painting mode or a batch mode, and should be the basic tool of choice when there is a need to produce powerful and productive reports from SAS data sets |
proc report, proc step, class variable, character variable, sample, proc print, proc tabulate, proc means | source | 10 |
| 209 | Some Questions and Solutions from a SAS Help Desk | Stephen B. Taubman | I have been answering questions at an in-house SAS Help desk for several years. Whenever a solution involved writing SAS code, I saved the code for possible future use. Over the years I have accumulated many SAS programs. I will now present some interesting questions along with the solutions. Some of the solutions were obtained with help from SAS Institute Technical Support or the comp.soft-sys.sas news group. The vast majority of questions which I received were related to economic or financial SAS applications and executed on a UNIX SOLARIS SUN operating system for Release 6.11. However, most of the information in this paper can be used in more general applications on any operating system. A SAS novice should understand some of this paper | proc step, proc print | source | 3 |
| 210 | SQL Query Window Classes: How to Incorporate the SQL Column Expression Builder Class In Custom SAS/AF Applications | Christopher A. Roper | SQL (Structured Query Language) is the standard language used for querying all major databases, including SAP/R3, SYBASE, ORACLE, RED BRICK, DB2, and others. The SAS Query window creates SQL expressions using SAS/AF Classes that are available to the SAS/AF developer. One of these class entries is the Column Expression Builder Class, QWCLEXPR.CLASS in the SASHELP.SQL catalog. This is the class used by the Query window to build columns in SQL. This class may be called by any SAS/AF entry to present the same interface the SAS Query window uses as a column expression builder. This paper will cover what the Column Expression Builder Class is, how to incorporate it into a SAS/AF application, and the nuances of using this class effectively |
proc sql, sas base | source | 5 |
| 211 | Statistical Graphics | David A. Dickey | The term "statistical graphics" can have several meanings. The most common use is a visual display of data possibly including some summary statistic such as a regression line running through a scatter plot. Another meaning, that which I hope to address herein, is a visual display that provides a clearer understanding of some statistical principle. 1. Introductory example A nice example is Figure 1. This graph deals with confidence intervals. What exactly is a confidence interval? You read in your textbooks the formula for the calculation of a confidence interval. For example, after studying the properties of the normal distribution with mean µ you are told how to compute a confidence interval for the mean. You are told to compute the sample average Y then the confidence interval Yt sn± 2 / . This gives two numbers L and U that serve as upper and lower bounds for the confidence interval | sample, confidence interval, regression analysis, proc step, normal distribution, cook's distance, prediction interval, proc reg, scatter plot, histogram | source | 8 |
| 212 | Statistical Presentations Using the Power of PROC TABULATE | C. Olivia Parr Rud | PROC TABULATE is a versatile tool which can combine the functionality of PROC MEANS and PROC FREQ. Additional power exists in its ab ility to perform analysis on grouped data. This paper details the steps for constructing a table of marketing statistics using a variety of features. Missing values and formats are used to control the table's calculations. Labeling and selected options provide finishing touches for controlling the table's appearance |
proc step, proc tabulate, fee income, sample, proc format, proc freq, interest, data step, missing value, interest rate, sample size, credit card | source | 7 |
| 213 | Stepwise Regressor Selection for Interdependence Analysis and Multivariate Multiple Regression | James E. Dunn, Lynette K. Duncan |
The SWEEP operator in SAS/IML software is used to solve two classes of multivariate problems, namely stepwise predictor selection in (1) interdependence analysis as defined by Beale, Kendall, and Mann (1967), and (2) multivariate, multiple regression. Though both problems have lain quiescent, they are resurrected here because of their relevance to analysis of massive data sets. In both cases, each forward selection step is followed by a "look back", where the latter involves switching 1- tuples, 2-tuples, or higher k-tuples of previously selected predictors. In this sense, both algorithms resemble SELECTION=MAXR in PROCEDURE REG, but with the capability of simultaneously switching more than single predictor variables in and out of the current model, and with the added important provision of a multivariate response |
correlation, regression analysis, proc iml, proc step, multiple regression, forward selection, partial correlation, do loop, factor analysis, proc reg, sample, proc princomp | source | 6 |
| 214 | Strong Smart Systems: Software-Intelligent Development for Reliable, Reusable, Extendable, Maintainable Applications | LeRoy Bessler | proc step, proc print | source | 9 | |
| 215 | Study Design with SAS: Estimating Power with Monte Carlo Methods | Robert W. Graebner | An important aspect of study design is the determination of the sample size necessary to ensure that the study objectives are likely to be met. In addition to the total number of samples, the spatial and temporal distribution of sampling effort can have a significant impact on the power of the study. Estimating the power of a test is not always a simple task and it is often desirable to estimate power for a range study designs. The use of Monte Carlo methods allows a variety of designs to be simulated and the results compared to find the design that meets the desired objectives most efficiently. The methods presented in this paper give examples of how SAS can be used to estimate the power of a study design by repeatedly simulating the design with randomly generated data. While this general method can be used with a variety of tests, this paper will provide examples of how to apply this procedure to a test for trend | sample, null hypothesis, sample size, monte carlo, estimate, proc freq, proc step, regression analysis | source | 3 |
| 216 | Submitting a Batch SAS Job within the Display Manager Mode under UNIX | Jingren Shi, Shiling Zhang |
Under the UNIX operation system, there are two major approaches to submit a SAS job. One is the batch mode; the other is the interactive SAS Display Manager Mode. The SAS Display Manager has a built-in editor that provides a rich set of editing commands and DM commands. A programmer can easily edit his programs, check log files, and view listing files under the SAS Display Manager mode. However, the batch mode allows a programmer to submit several SAS jobs at the same time without tying up one other. We present an approach that allows a programmer to submit a batch SAS job within the Display Manager Mode. Thereafter a programmer can fully take advantages of both modes. Unlike previous papers [4][5], our | sas batch, batch job, proc sql, macro variable, macro definition | source | 2 |
| 217 | Taking Advantage of the SAS System on the Windows Platform | Gary Mehler | The Microsoft Windows environment has become an ubiquitous deskto p application platform, and continues to gain capabilitie s that may lead to its dominanc e in the server market as well. This paper presents a discussion of the state of the Windows platform and ho w the Nashville Release of the SAS System takes advantage and integrates with the operating system. SAS System e xploitation of advanced server hardware is also covered | sql server, excel | source | 8 |
| 218 | Taming the Chaos: Managing Large SAS/AF Applications Using Programming Standards and the Source Code Manager of Version 7 of the SAS System | C. Michael Whitney | The use of programming teams offers both advantages and disadvantages when compared with individual programming efforts. The team approach allows a wide range of programming skills and problem-solving perspectives to be applied to a project, and may shorten development time. On the other hand, team- developed projects are often marred by differences in programming styles among developers, resulting in inconsistencies in the use of variable names, levels of documentation, and user interface design. Further, without some form of code management, the risk of inadvertently overwriting the work of other team members is always present. All of potential problems can make development and maintenance a chaotic and frustrating experience. This paper will discuss how these problems can be minimized, if not eliminated, by applying some basic programming standards, and by making use of the new Source Code Management system that has been released with SAS version 7 | macro variable, sample | source | 8 |
| 219 | TAP into SAS/Frame Technology | David M. Hartman | TAP is an acronym for Table Acquisition Program which enables users to select from a list of programs, various summary tables and listings they would like to produce for a report. The application begins by displaying a FRAME which enables the user to select a clinical trial (database) from which the data will be summarized. Once the trial is selected, the next FRAME appears which provides the selection list of programs. In addition to producing tables from this frame, selected tables may be viewed on the screen and/or sent to the printer. Except for the selection of a study and the production of the selected tables, there is virtually no SCL code. From this application, additional functionality can be added such as screens that would enable the user to control the display of the tables including table numbers, titles, footnotes, special sub-setting of the data, etc | clinical trial, dataset | source | 6 |
| 220 | Telecommuting: The Workplace of the 90's | Thalene T. Mallus | The federal government, like industries in the private sector, has the ability to offer its employees flexible work arrangements. One arrangement which is becoming increasingly popular is telecommuting, where employees work for a portion of the week from home or an alternate remote location. As computer awareness, network access, and the World Wide Web are adopted into the mainstream, more and more employees in both the public and private sectors are finding that the tools necessary to successfully telecommute are easil | web service, dataset | source | 6 |
| 221 | Testing for Heteroscedasticity in the Multivariate ENSO Index Using PROC AUTOREG | Joseph E. Earley | source | 4 | ||
| 222 | The ABCs of MDDBs | Marge Scerbo | MultiDimensional Databases, affectionately called MDDBs, are powerful storage mechanisms used in data warehousing. These file structures are available with SAS MDDB Server software. When combined with multidimensional objects available in SAS/EIS software, information can be made accessible to analysts quickly, easily and correctly. This paper will review the basics of MDDBs presented last year. These topics will include structure and design of MDDBs as well as coding tips. Further discussions of updates to the MDDB Server and SAS/EIS Software in Version 6.12 and additions found in Version 7 will be included. In particular, HOLAP (Hybrid Online Access Processing) will be discussed. HOLAP attributes decrease access time and have added many important options |
proc step, class variable, dataset, proc means | source | 8 |
| 223 | The Art of Designing HOLAP Databases | Mark Moorman | While OLAP applications offer users fast access to information across business dimensions, it can also create very large databases. With the introduction of the HOLAP solution users can now design databases using multi-dimensional databases, SAS datasets, and relational data stores. This offers a lot of flexibility, but how are these databases designed to make the best use of each technology? | proc step, dimension table, proc sql | source | 5 |
| 224 | The DATA Statement: Efficiency Techniques | S. David Riba | One of those SAS statements that everyone learns in the first day of class, the DATA statement rarely gets a second look. However, this basic statement has evolved in recent releases of the SAS System. If you have not looked at the options on the DATA statement recently, you will probably be surprised. This Beginning Tutorial examines the syntax of the DATA statement and the different options that are valid for use with it. Each option will be discussed and illustrated with examples of how (and when) to use them. Among the topics that will be discussed are dataset indexing, compression, and views |
dataset, proc step, data step, proc print, proc sort, index, sas log, set statement, view, options statement | source | 8 |
| 225 | The Effect of Missing Data on Repeated Measures Models | Maribeth H. Johnson | Researchers involved with longitudinal studies are faced with the problem of trying to get study subjects to return for every follow-up visit. There is always some amount of missing data when looking at these types of studies. The MIXED procedure of the SAS enables examination of correlational structures and variability changes between repeated measurements on experimental units across time. While PROC MIXED has the capacity to handle unbalanced data when the data are missing at random, a question arises as to when the degree of sparseness jeopardizes inference. Simulation is a tool that can be used to answer these types of questions. This paper shows the application of simulation to determine inference problems in a data set with a specific pattern of missing data. This technique is also applied to the topic of initial sample size determination |
sample, sample size, missing value, covariance, proc mixed, proc step | source | 6 |
| 226 | The Nashville Release of the SAS System for Windows | Jennifer Bradshaw Clegg | The Nashville Release of the SAS System for Windows provides support for Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT 4.0. With this version, the SAS System continues to improve in the areas of user interface, ap- plication integration, and setup. This paper discusses both new features and enhancements in these areas. Additionally, this paper also discusses the support pro- vided by the SAS System for Windows NT | sas base, excel | source | 8 |
| 227 | The Nashville Release of the SAS System for Windows | Jennifer Bradshaw Clegg, Gary Mehler |
The Nashville Release of the SAS System for Windows provides support for Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows NT 4.0. With this version, the SAS System continues to improve in the areas of user interface, ap- plication integration, and setup. This paper discusses both new features and enhancements in these areas. Additionally, this paper also discusses the support pro- vided by the SAS System for Windows NT | sas base, excel | source | 8 |
| 228 | The Pharmaceutical Program-Analyze-Write-Review Process and a SAS Program Development Environment to Support It | Barry R. Cohen | source | 6 | ||
| 229 | The Power and Simplicity of the TABULATE Procedure | Daniel E. Bruns | When I first started using SAS in a university environment in 1972, I was very excited about how much SAS could help me. As I learned more and moved to the real world of the employeed I needed more flexibility in my reporting - PROC PRINT had some and PROC MEANS and FREQ had basically none. And SUMMARY needed too much DATA STEP manipulation. What I needed was a marriage of all these with the flexibility to control what I wanted where and how! Thank the Gods for PROC TABULATE!! I was able to produce reports from massive amounts of data in practically any way I needed! The power of being able to simply rearrange a few variable names and change the complete look of the report was great. But then I also found a few things that were not so simple-like percentages |
proc step, proc tabulate, sas base, label statement, proc freq | source | 7 |
| 230 | The Power of PAGEOF (A Valuable Page Numbering Macro) | Diane Nicholson, Kelly Felty |
PAGEOF is an innovative macro that counts the number of pages in a report and displays the resulting page count in one of several available styles. This macro's benefits are: the ease of displaying the page count in the Page X of N format it works with both the Paul Wehr Print Driver 1 and DATA _NULL_ with PUT statements How It Works PAGEOF makes two passes through the report. The first pass counts the number of pages in the report based on the number of control characters. These characters may vary from system to system and are easily modified in the macro itself. The second pass writes the page number in the selected style at the specified location. Call It The following is the PAGEOF macro call with the default settings: %PAGEOF(f_name = , ls = 80, ps = 66, style = PAGEOF, justify = RIGHT, location = TOP, driver = NULL); f_name - Specifies the input/output FILENAME. ls - Determines the number of columns on the page. The default is 80 |
macro conditional, macro loop, macro definition, put statement, macro variable | source | 4 |
| 231 | The Quality Data Warehouse - Solving Problems for the Enterprise | Brad Klenz, Donna O. Fulenwider |
Enterprise quality improvement is quite different from quality improvement at the process level. Enterprise quality improvement requires information from many departments within an organization, such as production, quality assurance, engineering, customer service, and purchasing. Typically, these groups collect large amounts of data from disparate and disconnected systems. The systems include a variety of Statistical Process Control (SPC) systems implemented on different production lines at different plants, as well as data collected in Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS), Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), and Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP) systems. The disparity and disconnection of these systems poses a major problem for the implementation of enterprise quality improvement. Data warehousing is a technology that is designed to facilitate analytical processing on data from disparate sources | data warehouse, data science, data standard, data validation rules, dimension table, data mart | source | 8 |
| 232 | The SAS ADX Interface - Designing the Future | Stewart L. Fossceco | The new SAS ADX Interface provides scientists, engineers, and statisticians with the power to explore, visualize, and model a process through designed experiments. Through the visualization provided by this graphical user interface, you gain valuable insight into the behavior of a process. Scientists convey this knowledge to colleagues and management in a manner that provides the ability to make sound scientific decisions as well as efficient business decisions. This paper describes features of the ADX Interface via a pharmaceutical industry formulation case study where six factors (fluid amount, mixing time, screen size, extruder speed, disk speed, and residence time) are examined using a two- level factorial experimental design. The scientist's | contour plot, main effect | source | 9 |
| 233 | The SAS Data Warehouse and Data Integration in SASOL Synthetic Fuels | Pieter J. Venter | Any Company experiencing rapid growth without a perfectly mastered IT systems development roadmap sooner or later suffers from various degrees of data integration problems. This occurs throughout the different systems lifecycles and worsens as freestanding systems excels and matures in their isolated domains of functional application. This paper highlights the historical systems development situation at Sasol Synthetic Fuels (SSF), the South African based fuels and chemicals from coal producers and discusses ways in which integration can and was addressed. A three level solution of physical integration, middelware collaboration and data warehousing are suggested. Examples of the application of Enterprise Resource Systems as a common source system platform for integration at database level, an in-between-systems layer of definition and communication as well as the data-warehousing paradigm as supported by the SAS System are shown | data integrity, data cleaning | source | 3 |
| 234 | The SAS Debugging Primer | Frank C. DiIorio | proc step, macro variable, automatic variable, sample, input statement, proc sql, missing value, proc freq, proc print, put statement, regression analysis, macro put | source | 5 | |
| 235 | The Science and Art of Market Segmentation Using PROC FASTCLUS | Mark E. Thompson | Effective business development strategies often begin with market segmentation, which involves the grouping of customers and non-customers with similar characteristics. Segmentation is useful to the extent that customers within a segment have similar purchasing behavior and/or profitability that differs from customers in other segments. Many companies segment their markets and customers using a matrix approach that groups customers along two dimensions, sales and SIC code, for example. This paper describes the procedures for developing a multi-dimensional market segmentation strategy using the FASTCLUS procedure in SAS/STAT software. Data set development, data cleaning, user supplied parameters and cluster interpretation are examined using an example data set of over 60,000 businesses in California. Emphasis is placed on the subjective decisions required with the development of market segments using statistical algorithms |
proc fastclus, proc step, customer segmentation, standard deviation, nominal variable, interval variable, euclidean distance, data wrangling, numeric variable, outlier | source | 5 |
| 236 | The SDQZ-Pipe Technique: Doing More With Less, Faster and Cheaper Reading UNIX-compressed SAS Data Sets Directly in a Data Step | Randy A. Hirscher | While hard disk space is amazingly "cheap" nowadays, many of us programmers continue to find ourselves working in environments that have significant hard disk constraints. The 'always-ever-increasing-in-size' data set too quickly eats up the hard disk "real estate" available to us which will give us immediate and direct access to our data. How many of us have found ourselves spending an inordinate amount of time on trivial, mundane, and unwelcomed tasks such as temporarily compressing or moving our data offline, slicing-and-dicing it, or making some other sort of concession with respect to our data just because there was not enough hard disk space for what we needed to do? As a result, in order to save disk space, programmers working in a UNIX environment will typically store SAS data sets in UNIX-compressed format. Unfortunately, SAS is unable to directly read a UNIX-compressed, random access, SAS data set | dataset, macro variable, cpu time | source | 3 |
| 237 | The Supplement of the COMPARE Procedure | Weiqin Pan | The SAS1 COMPARE2 procedure is very useful to help us identify discrepancies between the two data sets. It will show us disagreements in data set attributes, matching variables, attributes of matching variables and observations. It also compares the value of observations as well as variables; however, when character values are compared only the first 12 characters are displayed. This paper will demonstrate how an output data set and a numeric return code stored in the automatic macro variable &SYSINFO from this procedure can be used to generate a report for each pair of matching observations judged unequal at one or more variables. The report presents character variables of any length as well as numeric variables, but ignores values for any DIF or %DIF which are included in the table produced by PROC COMPARE |
character variable, numeric variable, proc step, macro variable, proc compare, macro definition, macro loop, %if-%then-%else | source | 6 |
| 238 | The Time Series Forecasting System | Charles B. Hallahan, Renee Samy |
first difference, dataset, predictor variable, feature selection, time series analysis, unit root, sample, partial autocorrelation, proc esm | source | 9 | |
| 239 | The Use of DATA FORMS, TABLES and Other New Objects in SAS/AF Software | Bernd E. Imken | This paper was originally presented to the Ottawa SAS Users Group. When the audience was polled as to the | dataset, proc step | source | 6 |
| 240 | The Use of External Software to Import Data into the SAS System | Richard O. Smith, Arthur L. Carpenter |
A brief introduction is presented in the use of external software, such as DBMS/COPY and DBMS/Engines by Conceptual Software, Inc., to import external data into the SAS System. DBMS/Engines can be used in LIBNAME statements to allow easy access to external data in a |
dataset, libname statement, excel, proc step | source | 4 |
| 241 | The Web Enablement of the SESUG 97 Registration Process and Other Applications: Perl or the SAS Application Dispatcher? | Gregory A. Ashley | The 1997 SouthEast SAS User's Group's (SESUG) conference was the first SESUG conference to offer Web-based registration. This paper examines how the SAS Output Formatter and various CGI tools were utilized in the Web-based online registration process for which the author served as registrar. It then compares and contrasts these tools to the use of the SAS Application Dispatcher which could alternatively be used for future SESUG conference registrations or other Web-based data applications. Additional uses of the SAS Application Dispatcher are planned at the University of Georgia and some of these possible applications are also presented | ods html, filename statement | source | 6 |
| 242 | Three Advanced Data Management T echniques | Philip James Busby | dataset, sas base | source | 3 | |
| 243 | Three Methods to Produce Descriptive Statistics and Histogram Using SAS | Bing Deng | SAS software is a great powerful tool of statistics and analysis. It is fun, easy to learn and use. This paper will present three ways to produce descriptive statistics and histogram using SAS/QC, SAS/INSIGHT, SAS/LAB under win95. It will help the beginner to master the way quickly and finish their job easily |
proc means, histogram, data science, quality control | source | 4 |
| 244 | Too Many Pixels: A User's Guide to Incomprehensible Web Sites, Charts, Graphs and Other Presentations | Peter Parker | After almost two decades of working with charts, graphs, web sites, and other presentations, I have seen too many that were over-produced, over-slick, data-impoverished, incomprehensible, but "pretty" works, more concerned with style than substance or ease of use. 3-D charts and other multi-colored, multi-spatial, over-graphical monstrosities should be avoided. Just because hundreds of fonts are available, doesn't mean they should all be used. These colorful "presentations" may appeal to unsophisticated, easily impressed audiences, but usually are of limited use to analytical viewers. A good presentation should be able to summarize information, without distractions, so that users can infer and conclude, while delving deeper into the data if needed. Making useful and user-friendly presentations is an art and can lose clarity if too much science is used | bar chart, customer satisfaction | source | 9 |
| 245 | Tools for Dynamic W eb Publishing | Sarah A. Calhoun, Sally S. Muller, Emily O. Kistner |
With the implementation of the SAS/INTRNET product on the University of North Carolina's central computing server, faculty, staff, and students can write SAS programs that create customized, dynamic Web pages. As members of the UNC Statistical Support Group, we teach monthly classes on developing "static" and "dynamic" Web applications using the Application Dispatcher . This paper describes the tools our students have found most useful in creating dynamic web pages. Examples will be presented that make use of these tools; and changes and enhancements with the Version 7 SAS/INTRNET product will be discussed |
macro loop, macro variable, proc step, ods html, %if-%then-%else | source | 10 |
| 246 | Transforming Multiple-record Data into Single-record Format When Number of Variables is Large | David Izrael, David Russo |
In one large survey project each record in the raw data set contains information from one survey form. At some point, /G24denormalization/G23 of the data needs to be done transposing a multiple-record-per-object data set to a one- record-per-object data set that retains all raw variables from all data sources. The large dimension of the original data set requires an approach that can: a) carry out the denormalization in a reasonable amount of time; b) handle the indexing and standardization of variables/G20 names automatically; c) easily adapt as the set of variables changes over time. One approach uses a two-step PROC TRANSPOSE. This |
proc transpose, macro loop, macro variable, macro definition, proc step, %if-%then-%else | source | 6 |
| 247 | Transforming SAS Data Sets Using Arrays | Ronald P. Cody | do loop, missing value, dataset, array, proc step, proc freq | source | 6 | |
| 248 | Twisty Turny Passages, All Alike ODS Templates Exposed | Christopher R. Olinger | The Output Delivery System in Version 7 of the SAS System provides a powerful feature set for customizing SAS output. This paper talks about the twisty capabilities of the TEMPLATE procedure for changing the layout of procedure output and for creating your own custom corporate styles. Covered are techniques for editing existing ODS templates, for binding templates to data sets, and for manipulating ODS styles. The concepts covered in this talk can be applied to your SAS jobs to create outstanding looking HTML (and later in Version 8, RTF, Postscript, and PDF) |
proc step, proc template, anova, macro variable, sas output, proc genmod, file statement, output delivery system, proc glm | source | 18 |
| 249 | Two Macros to Compute the Median for a List of Variables | Fan Xu | SAS does not have a built-in function to compute the median of a list of variables as it does for the mean. The median has some unique statistical properties such as insensitivity to outliers. It is also more preferable as a measure of the center location for a skewed distribution. Two macros are presented in this paper to compute the median of a list of variables. Examples are given to illustrate the applications. The readers are assumed to have a good understanding of SAS BASE procedures as well as advanced knowledge of Macro processing. The first macro makes use of the TRANSPOSE procedure and the median statistics in the UNIVARIATE procedure [1]. The second macro is designed to compute the median at the level of each observation within a DATA STEP. Array is used for sorting. Key Words Median Statistics, TRANSPOSE Procedure, UNIVARIATE Procedure, Array, Macro |
proc univariate, outlier, missing value, macro call, temporary array | source | 4 |
| 250 | Uncorking SAS/AF Bottlenecks with the SCL Dynamic Performance Analyzer | Jeffrey L. Lessenberry | This paper will discuss a relatively unknown but extremely useful SAS/AF tool: SCL Dynamic Performance Analyzer. This tool allows you to find the unseen gremlins slowing your SAS/AF or SAS/EIS code and eliminate them. The SCL Dynamic Performance Analyzer allows the program to run normally in a local or client/server environment while keeping detailed runtime information. When the SCL Dynamic Performance Analyzer is disengaged, it creates an interactive report, which shows a break down of each statement that ran during the application. This paper will discuss the usage of the SCL Dynamic Performance Analyzer and give examples of problem applications optimized using this tool |
macro variable, quality control | source | 5 |
| 251 | Unlocking SAP AG R/3 data with the SAS System!!! The SAS Intelligent Warehousing Solution for R/3 | Eric Hunley, Craig Rubendall |
source | 13 | ||
| 252 | Untangling and Reformatting NT PerfMon Data to Load a UNIX SAS Database with a Software-Intelligent Data-Adaptive Application | Heather M. McDowell, LeRoy Bessler |
Input to the application is a concatenation of NT Performance Monitor data sets from several servers. Each server can present a different record layout, due to, e.g., differing number of processors, logical disks, paging files, etc. Rather than using a separate record type for each category of resource (processor, disk, etc.), all measurement data elements for a single time interval are strung out by NT PerfMon in one long observation. The collection of datetimestamped observations for a server is preceded by a header record of what are, in effect, textual column headings. The data set is like a collection of unloaded spreadsheets, where layout differs from server to server, and where layout for a single server can change from day to day. The target database has separate tables for each resource category (CPU, Logical Disk, Paging, etc.), each keyed by server name, resource ID (to distinguish processors from one another, etc.) and datetimestamp | sample, flat file, raw data | source | 6 |
| 253 | Use of Enterprise Miner and Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Build Fraud-Detection Models | Shiao-Ping Lu | The increasing number of checking account fraud cases and the dollar loss reported at Wells Fargo Bank evoked the need to build an early-detection program at the point of transaction. Since the fraud rate is relatively small compared to millions of transactions per month, it is both desirable and warranted to develop new robust models and to provide early warnings to the fraud prevention unit. This paper will address the fraudulent behavior, basic algorithm, sampling, model building and results assessment. Predictive modeling techniques such as logistic regression, tree-analysis and neural network are illustrated with the use of SAS Enterprise Miner . The accuracy of prediction, misclassification costs and robustness of various models will be compared | neural network, type i error, data mining, logistic regression, logistic distribution, regression analysis, sample, proc hpsplit, main effect | source | 5 |
| 254 | Use of Multivariate Techniques to Solve an Urgent, Real-Life Problem in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing | Karl Glaser | Batches of raw material were, with increasing frequency, yielding finished product which was unacceptable. Investigation revealed that all of the raw material met all existing specifications, and the processing parameters had not changed. Univariate methods were used to try to predict batches which would give rise to failing finished product, with little success. Multiple Discriminant Analysis was then used to sort the raw material into bad and good batches | discriminant analysis, type ii error, proc step, proc candisc | source | 3 |
| 255 | Use PROC SQL to Collapse Cells - It's Easy | Tamara M. Hagemeier, Yue-Hwa C. Chang |
proc sql, proc step, dataset, group by | source | 4 | |
| 256 | User Experience SAS/GRAPH Charts &Plots Using MX | G Neal Musitano | IBM mainframe MVS computer performance data is collected using IBM System Management Facilities (SMF) and Resource Measurement Facility (RMF) data. The raw SMF/RMF data is processed with MXG and SAS software into an easily usable SAS format. This paper utilizes that performance data. The MXG Performance Database, i.e., daily, weekly or monthly contains millions of performance variable values all in SAS readable format. The intent of this paper is not to explain MXG software, which is SAS source code, but to display some user examples of SAS/GRAPH computer performance graphs utilizing the MXG Computer Performance Database as input. The SAS/GRAPH Charts and Plots displayed were produced on the mainframe using the Computer Graphics Metafile driver "CGMMWWA" for Microsoft Word or PowerPoint. The GOPTION of GACCESS=GSASFILE is used to write the graph to a file on the mainframe |
proc gchart, bar chart, proc gplot | source | 6 |
| 257 | User-Specified Text Flow Inside The Report Procedure | Donald W. Peterson, John R. Gerlach |
The FLOW option of the REPORT procedure in SAS allows the user to include lengthy text in a report by wrapping the text within a specified column width. This powerful feature splits the text using the so-called split character, as well as the blank character. The text is always left justified, not allowing any kind of indentation, unless you insert blank characters accordingly, which is very tedious. This paper explains the %flowvar macro that modifies the character variable allowing the FLOW option to produce indented text, beginning after the first line for each observation in a report |
proc report, character variable, proc step | source | 3 |
| 258 | Using ANNOTATE Macros as Shortcuts | Arthur L. Carpenter | ANNOTATE macros can provide a shortcut when creating an ANNOTATE data set using assignment statements. To be used properly you need to understand how they work and what they will do for you. They will not abrogate your need to understand how the process of creating the data set works. Indeed you need to have a good understanding of how the ANNOTATE data set is constructed before you should attempt to use these macros. Keywords ANNOTATE, macro, annomac, SAS/GRAPH |
proc freq, proc step, numeric variable, if-then-else, macro call, histogram | source | 6 |
| 259 | Using ARRAYs: The Basics | George Matthews | As a Statistical Software Consultant in an academic environment, I often encounter novice users who need to process several variables in the same way. After scolding the user for attempting to perform this task with hundreds of IF-THEN statements, I suggest they consider an array. In the DATA STEP, you can put variables into a temporary group called an array. Arrays provide a very powerful tool for group processing. This paper will provide participants with the basics of array processing and is intended for SAS users who have some experience with the DATA STEP, and no or very little experience with arrays |
array, do loop | source | 3 |
| 260 | Using Base SAS Tools and the SAS Macro Language to Automate Incoming Data Processing for a Complex Scheduling System | Donald A. Schroeder, Timothy A. Kenney |
Interrogation of data feeds into a large SAS application can represent a significant challenge, especially when these feeds are numerous and involve varieties of source, format, and content. A manual approach to this problem can be both time- inefficient and prone to error. A SAS business application may have a highly efficient core, but the time to process from data feed to outcome can be bottlenecked at the "getting the right data, in the right format, into the right part of the system" stage. This paper will discuss details of an approach to automate processing of varying data feeds into a moderately complex conditional scheduling system. Our application was developed and implemented using SAS 6.12 on a PC platform. The context of the general application will be described followed by details on using features of Base SAS and the SAS Macro Language to achieve automation | macro function, macro variable, sysrc, macro facility, proc step | source | 6 |
| 261 | Using Decision Support Services to Fight Crime | Nina Du Thaler, Alexander Stefan |
In 1996, a major data warehousing project was undertaken by the Information Resource Centre, Queensland Police Service. The objective of this project was to implement an infrastructure for the provision of crime related information and official Queensland Police Service statistics. This was achieved in 1997, however, access to key information was restricted to a number of specialists due to the type of skills required to interrogate the data warehouse. Senior executives received information on crime trends and summary statistics through a bimonthly publication. There was no provision of information to operational police throughout the state. In late 1997, the Information Resource Centre undertook a strategy to enhance access to the critical information now contained within the data warehouse | data warehouse, management reporting, data step, proc means, proc sql, regression analysis | source | 14 |
| 262 | Using Macros to Construct Overlaid Contour Plots for Response Surface Optimization | David J. Meade, Scott Lacey |
Contour plots are frequently used to visually illustrate the relationship between two experimental factors and one response variable. However, in practice researchers often need to know how experimental factors affect many responses simultaneously. By using SAS macros in conjunction with PROC G3GRID, PROC GCONTOUR, PROC IML, and PROC SQL contour plots can be overlaid one on top of another. The overlaid contour plot can then be used to determine how a set of responses is affected by other experimental factors. Our set of SAS macros will allow the user to fit unique models for each response, construct separate contour plots for each model, and then overlay those plots. SAS/AF , and SCL are also used to provide a friendly graphical user interface. This paper is intended for SAS users who are familiar with linear modeling techniques |
contour plot, proc step, response variable, proc sql, macro definition, macro variable | source | 6 |
| 263 | Using SAS Macro to Include Statistics Output in Clinical Trial Summary Table | Amy C. Young, Sharon X. Zhou |
The summary table is one of the common components of the clinical study reports. The table usually includes the statistics such as, counts, means, standard deviations, medians, ranges for continuous variables; number and percentage of patients falling within a particular category for categorical variables. The tasks for reporting these information are similar in the study; and therefore can be standardized using SAS Macro. This paper will show the users the development of SAS Macro that generates and reports the summary statistics of the treatment groups for either continuous or categorical efficacy variables, or both. The macro can be easily modified to include other | proc means, proc step, proc freq, macro variable, nominal variable, interval variable, macro definition, proc transpose, proc univariate | source | 5 |
| 264 | Using SAS Macros to Develop Confidence Intervals for the Weibull and Extreme Value Distributions Using Type II Censored Data | Scott M. Jordan, Muhammad Zaman |
confidence interval, sample, maximum likelihood estimation, proc step, likelihood function, monte carlo, proc lifereg, weibull distribution | source | 6 | |
| 265 | Using SAS Software as a Decision Support System on Top of SAP FI Financial Accounting Module | Ida R. Carapelle | Financial information is vital for all departments of a company. The requirements in terms of analysis are different depending on each department's approach (marketing, sales, finance, production....) This paper will give solutions to allow the different company departments to exploit the financial information coming from SAP/FI adding their own views, dimensions and information. It will be demonstrated how to exploit the data coming from the General Ledger and Account Receivable (SAP-FI 'GL-AR') modules to build : A Decision Support System and a CFO Vision software interface for consolidation purpose | ledger, data dictionary | source | 5 |
| 266 | Using SAS Software to Analyze Sybase Performance on the Web | Joseph M. Mirabal, Zhengyu Wang |
proc sql, sql server, macro variable, call symput, flat file, relational database, where statement, sas programmer, macro definition | source | ||
| 267 | Using SAS Software to Build a Data Warehouse of Standardized Medical Costs and Patient Utilization for Health Services Research | Priscilla E. Van Grevenhof, Judith L. Wagner, James M. Naessens, Jill M. Killian, Roger W. Evans, Eva R. Helgeson |
data warehouse, sample, data cleaning | source | 2 | |
| 268 | Using SAS Software to Calculate Tests of Cliffs Delta | Kristine Y. Hogarty, Jeffrey D. Kromrey |
This paper discusses a program that calculates three estimates for making statistical inferences regarding the delta statistic. The delta statistic (Cliff, 1993) may be used when testing null hypotheses about group differences on ordinal level measurements. This statistic and the inferential methods associated with it are addressed by considering data arranged in a dominance matrix. The program calculates the marginal values of the dominance matrix that are used in the inferential statistics associated with d (sample estimate of the population parameter). The three methods of inference for d include two estimates of the variance of d, and a confidence band around the sample value of d. The paper provides a demonstration of the SAS/IML code and examples of application of the code to simulation studies in statistics |
sample, null hypothesis, response variable, confidence interval, inferential statistics | source | 5 |
| 269 | Using SAS Software to Provide Dynamic Web-enabled Reporting in the UNIX Environment | Kent E. Nicholas | The explosive growth of the internet has enabled data of just about any topic to be readily available to anyone at anytime. Integrating the information delivery capabilities of the internet with the excellent report functionality of SAS , provides a solid application platform for delivering information to support business decisions. In this paper, we introduce a report application - a basic frequency generator - that obtains user input to dynamically generate information | proc gmap, proc step | source | 3 |
| 270 | Using SAS Software to Report on Academic Performance via the World Wide Web | Marvyn M. Lindsey | This paper demonstrates how SAS can be used to efficiently and cost effectively generate dynamic academic performance reports for the public to view on the world wide web. An overview of how the student information systems data from the 23 California State University (CSU) campuses is processed with SAS to create high school and community college academic performance reports will be covered. How to implement access to SAS data sources using the Microsoft Internet Information Server 3.0 on Windows NT Server 4.0 will be highlighted | sas/access, sample | source | 2 |
| 271 | Using SAS Software Windows to Dynamically Manage Your Routine Programs | Linda Gau | Have you ever faced the problem that you have to run several related SAS programs monthly or quarterly, but sometimes you just need to run only part of the routine programs. One of the most important aspects of the SAS Window is its ability to create a user-friendly customized window for a novice SAS programmer to run routine programs dynamically. You may get results from a computer without necessarily having any particular programming skill | %if-%then-%else, macro variable, macro definition, pointer control | source | 4 |
| 272 | Using SAS to Conduct Pilot Studies: An Instructors Guide | Sean W. Mulvenon, Ronna C. Turner |
An important component in the instruction of educational research methods and statistics courses is the practical benefit of completing pilot studies. The use of the SAS programming language has become an important component in teaching students how to conduct preliminary pilot studies before conducting research projects that require the collection of data. The outcome has been students that are more aware of how to utilize the SAS programming language and appreciate the utility of replicating published work to generate research ideas. The programs in this paper have been designed to work on any DOS operating system which can operate the SAS package and for users with intermediate expertise in using the SAS programming language. The SAS packages utilized were BASE, SAS/STAT, and IML |
sample, sample size, anova, multiple regression, regression analysis, response variable, correlation, standard deviation, proc means, effect size | source | 6 |
| 273 | Using SAS/AF Software to Create Data Entry Screens with Multiple Comment Fields Allowing for Unlimited Amounts of Text in Each Field | Robert S. Matthews | This paper describes a process, using SAS/AF software, for creating data entry screens that can contain multiple comment Jields. An unlimited amount of text information can be stored in each field and there can be an unlimited number of comment fields for each observation. The comment$elds are defined as 'Extended Text Entry' widgets in an AF Frame screen. The text information in the comment Jields is stored in a XL List that is then saved to, and retrievedfiom, a SAS catalog entry. A SAS dataset is used in conjunction with a SAS catalog to provide a complete data entry system. The intended audience for this paper should have an intermediate level of knowledge about the Base SAS System as well as proficiency using SAS/AF and Screen Control Language |
catalog entry, catalog, character variable | source | 4 |
| 274 | Using SAS/CONNECT Software in a Multi-Platform Environment | Cyndie B. Gareleck, Rodger Madison |
This tutorial (1) provides an overview of client/server computing, (2) discusses client/server services available in SAS/CONNECT software, (3) gives instructions for installing and running the SAS spawner as an NT service, and (4) presents code from several applications that use SAS/CONNECT. The paper also discusses the use of scripts to initiate and end remote sessions, and potential benefits of using SAS/CONNECT software to improve program and cost efficiency. While the examples illustrate use on an NT system and a UNIX workstation, the concepts are applicable to other operating environments |
proc step, traffic data, proc sql | source | 7 |
| 275 | Using SAS/FSP Software and a Two-Dimensional Array to Manage Distribution of Monthly Production Reports | Helen-Jean Talbott | Within the first three days of each month, the Credit Policy MIS group in Commercial Credit produces over 200 reports which must be distributed quickly to more than 70 recipients. Until recently, distribution information was kept in a simple Microsoft EXCEL spreadsheet showing report numbers, program names, report titles, recipient names, and number of copies for each recipient. Although the spreadsheet approach worked well when there were 20 recipients, it became impractical with more than 40 recipients due to space limitation. The goal was to use SAS/FSP to manage the distribution data and to use this data to produce check-off lists. Structure of the data set was key to success. To make the SAS/FSP application run smoothly, we wanted one observation per program containing information on all the reports and recipients for that program. A two- dimensional array accommodating up to 32 reports and 20 recipients per program worked very well |
excel, dataset | source | 6 |
| 276 | Using SAS/FSP Software for Ad Hoc Reporting | Marc H. Schlessel | This paper is geared towards mainframe SAS programmers who are looking for an easy solution of creating ad hoc reports from user input without the interaction from a SAS programmer. The SAS/FSP product is a great tool to use for these types of projects. A user could input some selection criteria into a screen, and receive a report based on the criteria entered. This can be done interactively or in batch mode. This paper will address creating these reports in batch mode, but the same code and concept can be applied interactively |
proc step, data step | source | 7 |
| 277 | Using SAS/GRAPH Software to Create Graphs on the Web | David J. Caira, Himesh Patel |
This paper highlights some ways of customizing SAS/GRAPH device drivers to produce graphics that are suitable for presentation on the Web. It also highlights new Version 7 enhancements that allow you to create HTML image maps in order to produce drill-down graphs on the Web |
ods html, proc step, numeric variable, proc gchart, output delivery system, proc sort, macro facility | source | 10 |
| 278 | Using SAS/GRAPH Software to Detect Fraud in the Utah Medicaid Program | Terry D. Allen | source | 8 | ||
| 279 | Using SAS/GRAPH to Compare Physician Practice | Alexander Pakalniskis, Davidson Bruce, Alein T. Chun, Gail P. Grant |
The Physician Profiling Report System, consisting of bar and bubble graphs, was written using SAS/GRAPH soft- ware. Both data extraction on the IBM mainframe and sub- sequent graphing on the PC are macro driven and require no manual intervention. The focus of this paper is the use of the Annotate faci- lity in two instances to improve the appearance of the graphs which this system generates |
macro variable, proc gplot | source | 6 |
| 280 | Using SAS/INSIGHT Software as an Exploratory Data Mining Platform | Robin Way | Data mining has captured the hearts and minds of business analysts seeking a solution for exploring and modeling vastly larger, more complex and less well-behaved datasets. Exploratory data analysis, typically consisting of activities like statistical visualization, hypothesis generation, and introductory model fitting is a vital first step in any successful data mining venture. Exploratory data analysis produces direct benefits for data miners in enhanced understanding of data, improved clarity and confidence of the modeling results, and avoidance of pitfalls early in the process. SAS/INSIGHT is SAS Institute's leading software for facilitating exploratory data analysis featuring a uniquely visual analytic toolset. This paper will review the usefulness of SAS/INSIGHT software for exploratory data analysis, interactive regression modeling, and advanced multidimensional data visualization |
proc princomp, predictor variable, exploratory data analysis, scatter plot, correlation, factor analysis, regression analysis, data science, data mining, histogram, response variable, covariance, multivariate analysis, proc reg, box plot, interval variable | source | 6 |
| 281 | Using Sockets in SAS Software for Internet Publishing | Hsiwei Yu, Chapman P. Gleason |
The SAS System's Base product supports TCP/IP socket communication access method as a FILENAME parameter since Release 6.11. Two processes running on different hosts, say PC and Unix, can set up ports to communicate by TCP/IP sockets. With the aid of the SAS Web Publishing Tools , a Perl program can be implemented for dynamic display of SAS data on the Internet |
macro variable, batch job | source | 3 |
| 282 | Using SPAM for Project Estimation in SAS Application Development | Sarah S. Ragland | There is a humorous expression that says managing technical people is like herding cats. Can't you picture it - SAS developers are typically quite technical and creative people who each have a unique way of using software to solve the same problem. They don't need to be managed; they need to be free to do problem solving without confining boundaries. After all, isn't that the beauty of SAS software? Yes, of course it is. Then how can one suggest using project management principles, which strive for definition and planning, in the creative SAS software development environment? Applying project management in a SAS software development environment is unique. It requires a different breed of project management that considers large project teams, a fast pace, a creative culture, and an ever-changing development environment. This new breed of project management is what I affectionately call SPAM (Sarah's Project Anti Management) | interquartile range, problem solving | source | 3 |
| 283 | Using the Mixed Procedure to Analyze a Fractional Factorial Split-Plot Experiment | Jon M. Lindenauer | Although PROC MIXED was used to analyze the experiment, correctly specifying the statistical model is still of the utmost importance in getting good answers. This paper demonstrated that model misspecification, even with the latest software, can lead to problems. Key Words: design of experiments, mixed models, split-plot, anova |
residual, randomization, proc mixed, main effect, proc step, sas output, anova | source | 4 |
| 284 | Using the SAS System and Dynamic Data Exchange to Populate Microsoft Word Documents with Text, Tables, and Graphs | Michael C. Harris | Dynamic data exchange (DDE) is one of the means by which appropriately written Microsoft Windows applications can communicate and share data with one another. DDE is a client/server architecture. The application that controls another via DDE is the client, and the controlled application (which usually provides some kind of functionality not present in the client) is the server. The SAS DATA STEP Language can encapsulate WordBasic statements and enable SAS programs running on personal computers to be effective clients and control the actions of Microsoft Word for Windows (Word) in ways that are useful for creating, populating, and formatting tables, and placing text strings and graphical elements at predetermined locations within documents |
sample, macro definition, data step | source | 5 |
| 285 | Using the SAS/MDDB and User Written Methods to Enhance SAS/EIS Objects | Ben Cochran | SAS/EIS software provides an extensive, inter- active applications development environment and toolkit that can be very useful for rapidly building end-user applications. Applications developers sometimes find that the list of pre-existing objects provides much of the functionality they need in their applications, but only up to a point. Eventually, they find that they must enhance their applications by making use of other tools provided as a part of the SAS System. This paper addresses two strategies for extending SAS/EIS applications: one for enhanc- ing drilldown speed, the other for enhancing information delivery |
proc step, bar chart, data warehouse, dataset | source | 6 |
| 286 | Using VIEWTABLE in SAS/AF Applications to View and Edit SAS Tables | Kirk Paul Lafler | When developing SAS/AF applications, it is often necessary to identify effective techniques for displaying and editing data. The VIEWTABLE window provides a powerful interface for viewing and editing tables of data. This paper explores how to use the VIEWTABLE window in any SAS/AF application. It shows how SAS/AF and Screen Control Language (SCL) were employed to standardize data displays in a user- friendly application |
source | 2 | |
| 287 | Version 6 and Version 7: A Peaceful Co-Existence | Steve Beatrous, James Holman |
Version 7 represents a major step forward for SAS Institute and is the first release of a new generation of SAS software. Customers confronted with a new generation of software are concerned about the cost of moving their applications to that new release and are reluctant to move everything at once. This paper reviews some of the reasons why customers want to move some or all of their applications to Version 7. We recognize that many sites will not want to move everything forward at the same time; therefore, this paper discusses techniques to make partial migrations (mixing Version 6 and Version 7 applications) and techniques for running critical systems in parallel (to facilitate comparing Version 6 to 7). Maintaining data libraries in the proper format (Version 6 versus 7) and cross version compatibility issues in a client/server environment are two of the concerns addressed. Why Convert to Version 7? Version 7 contains a number of features that were beyond the scope of Version 6 | proc step, proc copy, proc sql | source | 6 |
| 288 | Visual Communication Art &Science: The Design Guide and Gallery for Clear, Convincing Graphs, Tables, Maps, and Text | LeRoy Bessler | source | 8 | ||
| 289 | Visualising Large Data Volumes with SAS/MDDB Server, SAS/CONNECT Software, SAS/EIS Software and the HOLAP Add-Ins | Daniel Morris | A successful Data Warehouse Design for a Major UK Distribution Company resulted in the development of a Data Warehouse using the SAS System. The Data Warehouse is located on an MVS mainframe running SAS Release 6.09 and this is used as a server to the Windows 95 clients. The Warehouse holds summarised SAS files created from over 200GB of IMS- DL/1 data. This data is then accessed through a Client-Server structure by SAS/EIS objects within a Graphical User Interface running SAS Release 6.12. The use of the HOLAP Add-Ins to SAS/EIS Software allowed the SAS/MDDB Server to provide extremely fast data access times. For a summarised SAS file of 1.5 million observations, the longest drill time was under 5 seconds and in many cases much shorter. This paper documents this Data Warehouse and its associated EIS and OLAP aspects |
dataset, data step | source | 4 |
| 290 | Ways of Learning: What the Trainer and the Student Need to Know about Learning Styles | Judy Loren | proc step, proc freq | source | 9 | |
| 291 | Web Enabled Government Billing Using SAS/IntrNet Software | Tom Ivons | Our client's Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) Public Voucher Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) billing process could not support all contracts due to limitations inherent in the enterprise accounts receivable process. Prior to the Web implementation, only those contracts not requiring detailed accounting information could be sent electronically. Since there is a substantial cycle time reduction in the payment process for electronic invoices, it was imperative that all invoices be sent electronically. We were asked to create a Web interface that would allow accounting information to be added to invoices after they had been generated by the legacy billing system. We chose SAS/INTRNET as our implementation tool because it runs on all our enterprise platforms and allowed us to wrap a Web front end around our existing SAS software based electronic invoicing process |
dataset, put statement, flat file | source | 4 |
| 292 | Web Enabled Graphics with a SAS Data Warehouse | Diane E. Brown | A Provider Profiling system for Saint John's Health System in Anderson, Indiana was developed using a SAS data warehouse which is used to generate graphical reports through a SAS/INTRNET based interface. This paper reviews the design and creation of the data warehouse, the SAS/INTRNET interface, and the macro driven SAS/GRAPH plots and bar charts. The data warehouse is built and stored on a Windows NT server which can be accessed by the hospital administrative staff as well as the physicians. SAS products used include Base SAS, SAS/GRAPH, and SAS/INTRNET |
bar chart, unique key | source | 6 |
| 293 | Web Enabling a Large Data Warehouse: Improved Metadata for Expert Analysts and Wider Access to Management Information | Clare Somerville, Colin J. Harris |
The New Zealand Department of Social Welfare (DSW) has a large, well-established and successful corporate data warehouse. This warehouse first went into production in 1996. It has been continually enhanced since that time, and now services more than one government department. The hardware has been upgraded, the data quantity and sources have increased, and more vital information is being provided from the data warehouse. Although the number of users has doubled to over fifty, until recently access was still limited to analysts with specialist SAS â skills. This paper presents our experience of, and the lessons learnt from Web enabling a large and mature data warehouse: from determining the real need and benefits, to undertaking research and appropriate planning, through to implementation. The decision to Web enable the warehouse was motivated by two business needs | data warehouse, management reporting, time series analysis, excel, proc step, oracle, data dictionary, proc contents | source | 10 |
| 294 | Web-Based Reporting and T ools Used in the QA Process for the SAS System | Jim McNealy, Dawn Amos |
source | |||
| 295 | What Sort of Input Should You Input to a Sort? | Michael A. Raithel | Because the SAS System makes sorting so simple, some programmers sort an entire SAS data set without giving it a second thought. But, efficiency-minded programmers often pause to consider what portion of a SAS data set actually needs to be input to PROC SORT. What if only a specific subset of a SAS data set' s variables are required in the final sorted data set? Is it really necessary for the entire data set be sorted, or is there a more efficient alternative? This paper discusses different methods of inputting a SAS data set to PROC SORT. It compares the efficiency of sorting an entire SAS data set with three methods of subsetting the data set' s variables and inputting them to PROC SORT. This practical information can be used by SAS programmers to improve the efficiency of their sorts |
dataset, proc sort | source | 2 |
| 296 | What Your Mother Never Told You About the Query Window | Janet E. Stuelpner | The query window is a point and click way to extract data from a table. With very little instruction, you can create an SQL program to gather data, manipulate it and create reports. Does it have limitations? The answer to that is yes. Is there a work around for those limitations? The answer is also yes. This paper will explore what some of those limitations are in the query window and how to program around them | proc sql, sas function, where statement | source | 3 |
| 297 | What's All This Metadata Good For, Anyway? Using Metadata to Dynamically Generate SQL | Jonathan Stokes | proc sql, dataset, where statement, proc step | source | 5 | |
| 298 | What's Up with OLE DB? | Thomas W. Cox | During the early 90's, Microsoft promoted ODBC as the standard API for accessing relational/tabular data on the Windows Platform. Today, Microsoft is advancing a new component based data access framework, OLE DB; which extends a common data access framework to a wider variety of data sources, including non-relational and multi- dimensional stores. This paper will give an overview of OLE DB fundamentals and related technologies included under Microsoft's Universal Data Access umbrella. In addition, it will preview products that SAS Institute is developing to leverage the capabilities of OLE DB and | proc sql, structured data | source | 10 |
| 299 | Why Not Use SAS/PRESENTS Software Instead...? | Philip R. Holland | Most of the papers at SUGI and other SAS conferences are presented using Microsoft PowerPoint, and a few more are presented with Lotus Freelance Graphics. Both presentation tools are very powerful, and can produce very impressive final results, but both suffer from the same flaw when presenting SAS papers: They are not compatible with the SAS System! In version 6.12 | source | 3 | |
| 300 | Working with Dates in SAS Software | Christine A. Smiley | Using dates in the SAS System can be very simple if you handle date fields properly. This paper will illustrate how to read in date fields from raw data. The various informats and formats that apply to dates will be explained. Code is provided that will convert an existing variable into a SAS date value. Techniques for printing, manipulating, and referring to particular dates will be discussed | sysdate9, date variable, input statement, proc print, character variable, numeric variable, proc step | source | 3 |
| 301 | Working with SAS Date and Time Functions | Andrew H. Karp | sysdate9, datetime variable, date variable, datepart, raw data, time variable, numeric variable, dataset, proc freq, proc step, datetime, time series analysis, if-then-else, mdy, time, subsetting if | source | 7 | |
| 302 | WWW.SAS.RESOURCES.HELP | Charles S. Patridge | source | 5 | ||
| 303 | xxiii SUGI 24 Conference Leaders SUGI 24 Conference Chair | Michael S. Lajiness | source | 3 | ||
| 304 | Year 2000 Issues for SAS Users | Mike Kalt, Richard D. Langston |
This paper addresses the most frequently asked questions about Year 2000 compliance for the SAS System. Topics include: Is the SAS System Year 2000 compliant? What should I look for when testing my SAS applications for Year 2000 compliance? What resources are available to test my SAS applications for compliance? Do I need special licensing in order to do Year 2000 testing? * How do I correct problems in my data and SAS applications? We assume that you have a basic knowledge of the SAS system, and are familiar with general aspects of the "Year 2000 problem" | date variable, sysdate9, proc step, dataset, raw data, proc sql, character variable, sas log, catalog entry, excel, data cleaning | source | 7 |
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