MWSUG 1994 Papers - Index

41 papers. Source: MWSUG (Midwest SAS Users Group) conference proceedings.

#	Title ×	Authors ×	Abstract ×	Keywords ×	Pages
1	A Development Environment for Applications Based on SAS Software	SAS Institute (a company)	Dala structures, desIgn methodologies, and programming tOols ere the foundation componenl. of an appllcallon devalOlllllanl environment this papar descrlba. the!e components using I SAS software persp8Cllve. Speclllcally, the paper COV8IS daslgn melhodologlll!, manegement of applleallon componl!flls. preparation and maintenance of parallel IIIst and production anvlronments, and reusable code libraries. A sample SAS appllcallon fh!II uses \he described technlqulS concludea the paper. INTAODUcnON Mosl application davalop8re would agree that the tine! product should be aasy 10 malntllln and axpend. ThIs paper presents ktty aspects 01 appllcallon devalopmenllhlll pfOlllde Ihe foundlltlon for thIs desIrable goal with emphasis on uslnll SAS software for rapid appIIeallon proIolyplno. The paper discusses, from a SAS perspaelfyr. "erallve deVBlopmenl, labla-drlvan erchlleelura, and reusable code libraries. A discussion on how 10 manage the appllcallon including packaging	catalog, libname statement	4
2	A Set of SAS Macros for Producing Customized Reports	Greg A. Grandits, Ken Svendsen	Producing customized reports is a high priority in many research and business settings. SAg& has severel procedures that generate reports, but only the PUT statement within a `DATA STEP` gives complete flexibifity to placement of text and data values. However, `DATA STEP` processing and Writing PUT statements is cumbersome to program. This paper describes a set of macros thai produce customized reports that are easy to program and give complete flexibility to placement of text and data values. The user first defines columns and column widths acress the report page. Text or data values (of len summary statistics) are !hen moved to these columns and specilied lines using macros MOVE or NMOVE. Items can be moved to single columns or to combined columns with the items automaticany centered. Text can also be underlined. Lines to where items are moved can be listed or a starting line can be given along with the number of rnes to be printed with optional skip patterns	proc means, class variable, put statement, dataset, proc step, set statement, correlation	6
3	A Use of External Files in Dynamic Code Generation	Greg M. Woolridge, Henry B. Winsor	This paper illustrates the technique of having the program write executable code to an external system file, then using a `%INCLUDE` command to insert the contents of this file back into the program for compilation and execution. The program can use input data to decide which lines of code need to be written to the external file, allowing for dramatic simplification of program code and often enhanced performance. An example that demonstrates the specification of exact formats for printing numeric data is presented	if-then-else, macro call, macro variable	5
4	Access Control Mechanism in Behaviorally Object-Oriented Databases	Cristian Radu, Mark Vandenwauver, Rene Govaerts, Joos Vanderwalle	Providing security for a general-purpose database system is an expensive operation. An access control mechanism has to offer the level of security the people are willing to pay for. The behaviorally object oriented database man agement systems have features which can be used to achieve this goal. We design a mechanism able to attach reliable, albeit expensive, security means to individual objects, when this is appropriate. The mechanism uses both object protection and subject restriction to enforce various security policies	access control, data standard	10
5	Advanced Features of PROC REPORT	Kim L. Kolbe Ritzow		proc step, proc report, proc format, character variable, sas base, date variable, numeric variable	10
6	Alternative Approaches to Mixed Linear Models	George W. Pasdirtz		sample, monte carlo, fixed effects, proc step, irregular component, proc mixed, sample size, interaction effect, proc reg, residual, predictor variable, estimate, covariance, proc genmod, regression analysis	6
7	Are Strings Tying You in Knots?	Deb Cassidy	If the answer to the title question is "YB" * then this presentation is for you. You'll learn how to make sure you get the entire string "YES" when creating a new variable. The presentation will also walk through examples of analyzing character data where youll need to use SAS functions such as SCAN. lRlM. LEFT. INDEX and COMPRESS to clean up your data before you can use procedures such as	proc step, proc freq, sas base, length statement, proc contents, proc print, character functions, substr function, if-then-else	10
8	Black and White is How It Should Be - But Shades of Grey Are the Colors I See	Kathy Shelley		call symput, macro variable	6
9	Connecting SAS to the World Wide Web-Forms Across the Internet	Larry Hoyle	The World Wide Web is an explosively growing internet facility which allows for hypermedia documents to be distributed across the internet. Recent extensions to the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) upon which it is built allow for the creation of forms which can be serviced by a remote application using the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) to a Hypertext Transfer Protocol Daemon or server (HTTPD). This paper will describe how to use SAS as an HTML forms server. A specific example for setting up under IBM AIX will be listed. The sample form will allow the selection of county level census data. Using a client program such as NCSA Mosaic, the user will request that a variable be displayed either as a table or as a PostScript map. The request is sent to an HTTP server program at another site on the internet which in turn executes a SAS program which generates the table or the graphic and sends it bacl< across the internet to the user's client program which displays it	dataset, macro variable	7
10	DATA Step Efficiency and Performance	Jeffrey A. Polzin		missing value, where statement	7
11	Designing Complex Systems Using SCL Data Objects	Andrew A. Norton		dataset, audit trail	8
12	Don't Be Roadkill on the Superhighway: Using the Internet to Support SAS	Nancy Hill			8
13	DSCI: The OTHER Way to do SAS Graphics	C. Michael Whitney	This paper will discuss the use of the SAS `DATA STEP` Graphics Interface (DSGI). DSGI provides a flexible means of creating graphics and is able to handle most of your special graphic needs. The basics of DSGI will be discussed and we'll see how complex graphs can be created using simple shapes	macro definition, proc freq, proc step	7
14	End User Report Generation On the IBM System RISC/6000 Integrating BASE SAS and UNIX Shell	David Courtney, Stephen Graph	This paper discusses the creation of an end user menuing system utilizing UNIX SheD and BASE SAS. The menuing system allows management to generate and subsequently view/print or email reports across multiple platforms on our netwom. The report options needed to guide the user through the selection of report type and which entity to report on. We bave 247 Wire center geographic areas, wbich are aggregated into 13 units, which are aggregated into 2 districts, whicb make up our one Market Center. We wanted the user to be able to select anyone of these four entity levels, and then choose any entity within that level. We wanted the user to choose from a selection list at eacb stage, rather than baving to remember what to type or refer to a manu al eacb time. This was particularly important, because most users will make only occasional use of this application. SAS code is imbedded in UNIX SheD "HERE" documents which allow the end user to specify the selection criteria of their choice	sample, sas base	10
15	Facilitating Continuous Quality Improvement with SAS/ASSIST Software	Priscilla Van Grevenhof, Rita Black, Jo Johnson, Cynthia Libson	This paper describes the evolution of an application using `SAS/ASSIST` software to empower the end-user. The application facilitated a change from a top-down, task-oriented management style to a continuous improvement (CI) team approach. Having organized a multi-disciplinary team consisting of a researcher, data abstractors, an application developer. and a statistical consultant, It became apparent that the disciplines did not share a common language or culture and that team members needed to understand how each task contributed to the whole. `SAS/ASSIST` provided the tools to accomplish these goals. We will discuss, from the perspective of each discipline and, at each stage of the project, how `SAS/ASSIST` was used to facilitate the CI approach. We will also discuss problems that arose and important technical and cultural considerations when developing end-user applications. By Instructing each participant to use `SAS/ASSIST`	data analyst, data science, problem solving	5
16	Finding the Needle in the Haystack: Efficient Filtering of Large Data Sets	Daniel R. Bretheim, Ryan K. Carr		proc format, lookup, proc step	6
17	First Impressions of SAS/Access Interface to ODBC, For Windows	Jim Anderson		proc sql, proc step, sas base, excel	5
18	Five Easy Macros	David Sommer		macro variable, %if-%then-%else	5
19	Generalizing PROC REPORT with SAS Macro	Philip M. Pochon	The `REPORT` procedure in version 6 SAS' is a powerful tool for customizing reports based on tabular data structures. Data columns may be formatted, labeled and grouped into clusters with a few procedural commands such as COLUMN and DEFINE and options such as PANEL. TIme series data that must be clustered into intervals is a data structure well suited for reporting with the `REPORT` procedure. However, when the number of intervals may vary, and the number of points within each interval may vary the `REPORT` procedure must be further generalized. This paper shows how the SAS Macro facility can be used to conlrol the creation of `REPORT` procedure code so that one macro function can produce clustered time point reports with a flexible definition of time point intervals. l	proc report, macro function, proc step, macro loop, macro definition, sas base, macro variable, %if-%then-%else, macro facility	5
20	How to Have Your Way with a Date Using SAS	Allan M. Kominek	How to Have Your Way with a Date Using SA&P by Allan M. Kominek This paper will delve into the mysteries of SAS date values. The author has been supporting users of the SAS system for approximately ten years. During those ten years, it has been his experience that SAS date values are most often misunderstood and underutilized. The paper will illustrate the versatility of SAS date values by sighting examples from working systems that revolve around SAS dates. These examples will include a production application that works in tandem with a job scheduling utility and another application that uses dates to load an array to produce a "spreadsheet-likeN report. The paper will also discuss converting dates from external sources and using functions to extract even more information from these date values	sysdate9, date variable, proc step	7
21	In the SAS System a Database Management System?	William D. Clifford	Commercial Database Managemenl Systems (DBMSs, provide applicallons with fasl access 10 large quanlllies of data. In addlUon. many have olher capabllliles such as dala Inlegrlty services. dala sharing. appllcallon-creatlon lools, and report wrillng. Version 8 of Ihe SAS Syslem also conlalns a number 01 similar lealures. This paper examines Ihe dalabase lealures of Ihe VersIon 6 SAS Syslem and compares Ihem 10 Ihe services ollered by several popular DBMSs. The	proc sql, where statement, data cleaning	6
22	Increasing Productivity Through the Use of the SAS Display Manager System	Jim Anderson	The SAS Display Manager System provides an interactive, full screen option to SAS System operation, often offering multiple alternatives for accomplishment of the same task. Through the exploration of a selection of Display Manager windows, primary consideration is given to features and commands that will be of greatest benefit for session management and will most expand user productivity. While various SAS products extend the features of Display Manager, attention is limited to a Base SAS implementation. The weight of observation is applicable to all SAS installations, however, limited comments specifically address MVS or Microsoft Windows	sas output, sas library	7
23	Letting SAS Find the Data Errors When You Have Multiple Observations and/or Multiple Datasets	Deb Cassidy	Many companies have d.'\Ia entry systems that do not pennit invalid values to be entered or they have progrruns that check for invalid values. Unfortunately, this checking isn't always sufficient How do you identify records that were not even entered but should have been? For example, subjects may have to complete a daily diary. The dataset should have one observation per day but how do you identify missing d.1YS? Maybe your data is stored in multiple datasets. How do you know the subjects are in all the d.1tasetS? Many database management systems let you check 2 modules at a time. I recently checked all combinations of 34 datasets in a few minutes. This presentation will a variety of techniques to check data when there are multiple observations or multiple datasets. Please note that the results of the code are found at the end of the paper. The TI1LE statement corresponds to the title for the results. Some of the `PROC` PRINTs are only included for illustration	proc step, proc print, proc contents, proc sort, by group processing, data step, missing value, proc freq, in= option	9
24	Macros and Functions in C and SAS Software	Lillian L. Randolph		macro call, macro function	4
25	Mighty Macros Manage Many Monstrous Tracks	Roger Konyndyk	Faced with a need to generate a large number of sales reports with similar formats from the same dataset. we turned to the SAS macro language. By writing a system of macros, we were able to generate new reports very quickly, while assuring consistency in data, labeling, and computation .. We ended up with an extremely flexible code generation system that not only handled production needs, but also took care of 95% of our ad hoc requests. Finally, FSEDIT screens allow non-programmers to enter the ad hoc report requests into SAS datasets. Batch programs translate the observations in those datasets into SAS macro calls to create the reports	macro call, dataset, macro parameter, macro variable, macro facility, macro definition, proc step, libname statement	7
26	New Features for Remote and Open Access to Enterprise Data: Enhanced Distributed Data Acces Through Multiple Engie Architecture	Jack Wallace, Mike Carney	Access ID dala from the SAS- Syslam Is conslantly being expanded and enhanced. In lila last year, features ha~ been released that allow transparent access ID remote dala on machines with different machine architectures (caRed ramote Hbrary services). A new feature In development will OPEN access ID SAS Data for non-SAS appHcations (such as Microsoft Word) which ubllza the ODBC APlin a Wmdows environment These new features ara built on a modIlar system architecture that often provides more than one way ID accompHsh a given distributed dala access laslc. To choose the best method, It Is advantegeous III understand the processing performed by the components of Multipla Engine Architecture. Future enhancemants for remote and open dala access are also d9pendent on thla architecture. ThIs paper Introduces the new features but concentrates on the architecture and Ifs Implamenlation		10
27	New Tricks for an Old Tool: Using Custom Formats for Data Validation and Program Efficiency	S. David Riba	`PROC FORMAT` Is one of the old standards among SAS" Procedures, yet many programmers often fall to understand how custom formats can be used to improve their SAS programs. This paper will examine some ways user defined custom formats can be used for data validation, for developing more flexible SAS program code, and for other programming efficiency techniques. It will Illustrate how the SAS programmer can avoid hard-coding conditional logic chains in a program, how data can be grouped for analysis, how the appearance of report output can be enhanced, and how SAS data can be recoded for more efficient storage. The paper will also review recent enhancements to `PROC FORMAT` such as Control data sets, format reports, and the ability to define and use format libraries	proc format, proc step, user-defined format, sas programmer, dataset, if-then-else, input statement, data cleaning, character variable, missing value, where statement, sysdate9, format statement	8
28	SAS Randomization Techniques for Clinical Trials	Linda M. Quinn	There are several times during the course of a clinical trial that randomization is necessary. The SAS~ system is capable of being used to meet those needs. Two macros are presented for two particular aspects of a clinical trial. The first application is selection of random samples (e.g. charts, Case Report Forms) to assess and ensure the quality of data entry, to survey for more information, or to choose for treatment. The second application is assignment of patients (or animals, specimens, etc.) to a treatment category. These macros only address simple random sampling, although it is possible to extend these macros to implement stratified sampling. While these macros are currently being used in a clinical trial setting, they are generic enough to be used and/or modified for use in a variety of diSCiplines, including economic research where initially developed	sample, clinical trial, proc step, randomization, macro call	6
29	SAS vs. DB2 as a Relational DBMS for End Users: Three Corporations with Three Different Solutions	Stephen C. Scott	Three corporations with different sizes and types of Relational DBMS are reviewed. All three started with DB2 as the DBMS and SAS as the analysis and reporting system. Corp. A sought to build a information warehouse and to store its data in DB2 tables - but in the process discovered that SAS software as a DBMS reduced CPU times by over 86%. Because .of the size of this database - 30 gigabytes - stored on 1 7 3380 triples - the potential saving were in the millions of dollars. Corp. B purchased a DB2 based Human Resource and Payroll System. They also built a 082 corporate reporting database based on the production system and updated daily - and a SAS reporting database from which the weekly/supplementallmonthly/quarterly/annual reports are produced. By reporting from SAS instead of DB2 or Flat File they reduced potential CPU costs by over 90%. Corp. C had a small DB2 database containing charges for computer services - software, hardware, cpu time, programming etc	dataset, cpu time, flat file, sas library, proc step	10
30	SAS: The Complete Solution for Medical Data Analysis	Diane E. Brown	With health care costs out of control, the importance of health care information is crucial to making apropriate revisions in the health care system. A wealth of information is held by large insurance companies, but it is often stored in large databases in a format that is hard to use for analysis and reporting. This paper discusses an application that was built for employer groups, physicianlhospital organizations, and insurance companies to analyze health care data for purposes of fraud and abuse, benefit reengineering, identification of preventive health care programs, identification of case management areas, competitive pricing, and provider profiling. Technical features of this system include a relational SAS data base, SAS reporting and analysis, and a `SAS/AF` front end. The SAS data base contains claims tables which are indexed and several look up files to support medical coding systems and provider information	insurer, raw data, data science, insurance claims	10
31	The Other Five Percent - Writing SAS Code for Multiple Operating Systems	Ryan K. Carr, Daniel R. Bretheim		filename statement, proc step, dataset, insurance claims, macro variable, sample, macro definition	6
32	The SAS System as an Information Database	T. Randall Betancourt	In implementing a successful data access strategy, it is important to recognize there are appropriate and inappropriate ways to access data depending on the nature and distribution of that data and the types of applications requiring access to the data. In some cases it may be appropriate to give users access to the data through views. But, if the views are to a production or transaction-oriented database, the prospect of having 300 users making ill-timed and ill-framed queries can quickly lose its appeal as the database performance grinds to a slow crawl. In such a case, giving users access to separate extract files organized in an information database might be more appropriate. This paper will examine the role of the information database in enterprise computing, and database features of the SAS System that allow it to be a cost-effective alternative to a commercial DBMS as a source for data required by ad-hoc query and reporting, and decision support applications		8
33	The SAS System: A Complete Client/Server Solution	Cheryl A. Garner, Stephanie Reinard			11
34	Total Control of Your Printed Output Without Desktop Publishing	Bill Adams		sample, proc step, proc print, macro variable	5
35	Transforming Data in SAS: Restructuring Data Sets, Creating Look-Up Tables, and Forming Person-Year Recores for Event History Analysis in SAS	Lawrence C. Marsh, Karin L. Wells		binary variable, if-then-else, regression analysis	7
36	Turning On the Power of Data Management Windows	Priscilla Van Grevenhof		sas library, data governance, libname statement, dataset	6
37	Use of Macros in Generating Statistical Comparisons for Bioequivalence Reports	A. David Mundt		confidence interval, macro variable, degrees of freedom, proc genmod, proc glm, residual, data step, crossover study, proc step, sample	9
38	Using SAS Software to Design and Evaluate Military Standards Sampling Plans	Dennis W. King	Using SAS Software to Design and Evaluate Military Standards Sampling Plans Dennis W. King, PhD STATKING Consulting Inc. Fairfield, OH Although the trend in modem quality control is a move towards on-line statistical process control through the use of control charts and control algorithms, lot acceptance sampling is still heavily used in industry particularly by governmental suppliers. Lot acceptance sampling consists of sampling a lot of finished product and determining whether the lot is of acceptable quality based on some quality characteristic. Two of the most used sampling plans for lot acceptance sampling are Military Standards lOS and 414. In this presentation, SAS code sequences and examples will be described that show how to use the SAS `DATA STEP` along with functions available in SASlQC@ to automate the design of sampling plans shown in these military standards	sample, data step, sample size, normal distribution, standard deviation	7
39	Using SAS/GRAPH with any dBase Compatible Product with Microsofts' ODBC	Gary Hunt		proc sql, normal distribution	4
40	Using the DB2 System Catalog to Generate SAS Programs	John M. Morrill		select, proc sql	7
41	Using the Internet for Your Traning Needs	Nancy Hill		ascii, txt	7

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