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BUGSSCSUG 2001 Papers - Index
130 papers. Source: SCSUG (South-Central SAS Users Group) conference proceedings.
| # | Title× | Authors× | Abstract× | Keywords× | Extras | Pages |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A Beginner's Tour of a Project using SAS Macros Led by SAS-L's Macro Maven | Ronald J. Fehd | SASQII Macros and the SASMacro Language are simple yet powerful tools. Once you understand how to use and write macros, your next task is to understand how to you use them consistently and more Importantly, Intelligently, from a programmer's point of vtew. This tutorial presents the beslcs of project design with an | macro variable, proc step, macro conditional, proc freq, sample, macro facility, run, output delivery system, macro definition, macro loop, symbol table | 9 | |
| 2 | A Confidence Interval Approach to Gene Chip Analysis | Jennifer L. Waller, Mark G. Anderson |
Recently. gene chip technology and data generated from this technology have given statisticians a new realm in which to develop statistical methodology. In gene chip analysis, mRNA from a tissue sample for a disease of interest is isolated and placed on the chip. From expression data generated from the chip, we then determine what genes are highly expressed for the particular disease of interest. The challenge is to find approximately 100 genes from 12,000 that warrant further investigation. To further complicate matters. gene chips are very expensive (~$1000 each) and sample sizes tend to be very small, with n::5 chips typically used. Using SAS 8.0 under Windows 2000 and programmed mostly within a DATA STEP, a confidence interval approach was developed that examines various thresholds for gene expression. mRNA from 8 normal and 8 apolipoprotein AI (apo AI, a gene known to play a pivotal role in HDL metabolism) knocked out mice were isolated and 16 gene chips were analyzed |
sample, confidence interval, normalization | 6 | |
| 3 | A Couple of Tasty SAS Programming Tunes | Paul M. Dorfman | Of all wildly different questions asked by daily participants in SAS-L jam sessions, programming problems in the strict sense of the word represent a relatively small part. An even smaller fraction belongs to interesting, difficult, or unconventional problems. While SAS programming puzzles of this nature stubbornly resist brute force, they quite often yield to a good measure of general-programming, not necessarily SAS-specific, thinking, applied before the first line of code has even been typed. When as a result, an efficient and complete SAS solution falls in place as if by magic, it feels not unlike finding a beautiful tune. One who discovers the music is rewarded by a SAS programming melody so tasty that it just must be heard outside of SAS-L. This presentation is an attempt to share a couple of such programming tunes with the SSU audience | usage rating, hash table, sas programming, conditional do loop, macro variable | 9 | |
| 4 | A Generic Solution to Running the SAS System on the Web without SAS/IntrNet | David L. Ward | Many organizations are not able to afford SAS/LNTRNET but desperately need to provide dynamic web-based content to users, usually in the form of on-line reports. Sample CGI scripts that invoke the SAS system have been offered at various user group conferences, but a complete aHemative has not been available. This paper will demonstrate the installation and usage of this alternative, as well as show examples of reports generated real-time in a web-browser using only Base/SAS. You wilileam to create HTML forms that pass parameters to a SAS program that displays a table or graph according to wihat a user has chosen. You will also leam to use ODS to generate presentation-quality output |
macro variable, sas base, data step, proc step, sample, ods html, macro definition | 8 | |
| 5 | A Modular Approach to Portable Programming | Michael Litzsingeer, Lisa Kaye Brooks |
macro variable, options statement, comment, macro facility, macro definition | 8 | ||
| 6 | A SAS-Based Approach to WEB-Based Surveys | Bernard R. Poisson | The UnHed State Air Force had a problem. Its existing methods of collecting information from its people were time-consumlng, error-prone, and costly. Not any more! The Survey Engine, based on SASOllntrNet solved those problems once and for alII The Survey Engine provides the abilHy to host any number of Internet/lntranet surveys concurrentiy without in-depth computer or Internet knowledge or experience. All questions and response sets are stored in SASo data sets, independent from any display characteristics, giving them greater flexibilHy and reusability. This application provides a powerful, efficient, and cost-effective | where statement, complete response, access control | 9 | |
| 7 | A Scorecard Approach to Improving Data Quality | Robert W. Phelps, Phil Nousak |
An ever-increasing number of strategic and tactical business decisions are being made from analyzing data gathered in Data Warehouses and Data Marts. Bad decisions, poorly performing predictive models and monetary losses result when data quality is not monitored. What you think you know about your organization, your customers, or your suppliers may be distorted by undependable data. Data quality cannot be improved independently of the process producing the data or the context in which the data is to be used. Technology-only approaches are not suffiCient to provide sustained data quality improvements. The road to data quality improvement involves several factors. These include a technical understanding of the data and data gathering processes. It also includes the establishment of a reporting process to monitor changes in data quality as well as people with well-defined roles, responsibilities, and authority to develop a culture that supports data quality improvement | data cleaning, data validation rules, data governance, raw data, trend analysis | 9 | |
| 8 | A Simulation Study to Compare the Performance of Permutation Tests for Time by Group Interaction in an Unbalanced Repeated-Measures Design, Using Two Permutation Schemes | Mark S. Litaker, Bernard Gutin |
The use of pennutation tests for the analysis of data incorporating repeated measurements presents a choice of possible pennutation schemes to generate the empirical null distribution of the test statistic. A commonly-recommended scheme keeps the vector of observations for each subject intact, with pennutation based on group membership only. Another option Is to penn ute the observations across the time points as well as relative to treatment group. These two pennutation schemes are compared with respect to power and preservation of the nominal alpha level in testing for a time by group interaction using simulated data based on a randomized trial of effects of an exercise program. SAS PAOC IML is used to generate correlated observations under the null and altemative hypotheses which are then analyzed using PAOe GLM. P-values are obtained for the usual F statistiC and for each of the pennutation tests |
group by, null hypothesis, f-test, anova, permutation test, standard deviation, sample | 5 | |
| 9 | Advanced Macro Topics | Steven J. First | The SAS macro language continues to be an integral part of the SAS system, and can be a wonderful tool or an overcomplicated solution. This paper will be of interest to macro users that would like to more fully understand the macro system. This paper will discuss the following topics: 1. Macro data structures and timing 2. Local and Global referencing environments 3. Quoting 4. Macro and DATA STEP functions and call routines 5. Debugging and tracing techniques 6. Autocall facilities 7. Design conSiderations 8. Alternatives to SAS macros 9. Changes and enhancements with Version 7 and 8 |
macro variable, macro facility, proc step, macro put, data step, macro definition, call symput, proc print, put statement, run, macro loop, sysrc, macro function, macro quoting function, %if-%then-%else | 8 | |
| 10 | Advanced Methods to Introduce External Data into the SAS System | Andrew T. Kuligowski | proc step, proc sql, excel, proc import, dataset, sample | 10 | ||
| 11 | Advantages and Disadvantages of Using MDDBs, HOLAP, EIS, and SAS/IntrNet in the Development of an Interactive System | Lori Guido, Richard A. Denby |
The Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division (HHES) of the United States (U.S.) Census Bureau evaluated different SAS technologies to find ones best suited for the development of an interactive system to review the Census 2000 long form data. The three systems that were evaluated access data stored on centralized, large-scale Unix servers and the data are accessed through personal computers (PCs) running Windows 95. All the systems use multidimensional databases (MDDBs), and display the same data, but each system uses distinct SAS technologies. The first system uses a client-server approach SAS v6.12 and the MDDB report object in SASJEIS to create more than 3400 commonly used reports. The second system uses a client-server approach, SAS vS.1's Hybrid On-Line Analytical Processing (HOLAP) techniques to build a "proxy" HOLAP cube in addition to the MDDB report object in SASIEIS, but only 74 reports had to be created | format statement, dataset | 5 | |
| 12 | All I Really Want ... A Wish List for New SAS Software Enhancements | Peter Parker | Having used both SAS software and computers for over 21 years, I've seen many changes in both, almost always good. Major improvements will continue to be made and we'll look back five years from now, amused at what we called state-of-the-art today. Remember when a 486 PC with a 20 MHz clock speed, 4 MB of RAM and a 300 MB hard drive was considered the dream machine? Remember when packing a million transistors on a chip was a major breakthrough? The latest computer chips have over 42 million transistors. In order to advance technology, we must first determine what needs to be improved. While SAS software has proven itself to be adaptable, dependable, and robust, it, too, will become better. Here is my wish list of changes that I hope will become part of the SAS software system soon: System Enhancements 1. Run- time SAS applications 2. Multi-threaded processing Application Development Enhancements 1. Import Wizard for most types of data 2. GUI code generator 3. Intelligent Printing 4 | sas base, macro definition, proc step, excel | 7 | |
| 13 | An Assembler Written in SAS | Edward Heaton | Is SAS a programming language, i.e. can it handle problems typically In the domain of a real language like C? To prove the point, when I was asked to write an assembler for a hypothetical machine (Leland Beck's SIClXE) as a class project for a Systems Programming class at Johns Hopkins University, I chose to write the program in SAS. This paper will present the programming strategy, techniques, and problems encountered in carrying out the task. Structured programming methods will be emphasized. Macro is used. Numerous functions and formats will be encountered along the road to success. In short, a lot of basic SAS is used and can be leamed in this presentation | macro definition, error message, macro variable, symbol table, proc step, end, input statement, proc sql | 10 | |
| 14 | Anyone Can Learn PROC TABULATE | Lauren E. Haworth | SAS Software provides hundreds of ways you can ana lyze your data. You can use the DATA STEP to slice and dice your data, and there are dozens of procedures that will process your data and produce all kinds of statistics. But odds are that no matter how you organize and analyze your data, you'll end up producing a report in the form of a table. This is why every SAS user needs to know how to use PROC TABULATE. While TABULATE doesn't do anything that you can't do with other PROCs, the payoff is in the output. TABULATE computes a variety ofsta tistics, and it neatly packages the results in a single table. Unfortunately, TABULATE has gotten a bad rap as being a difficult procedure to learn. This paper will prove that if you take things step by step, anyone can learn PROC |
proc tabulate, proc step, ods html | 9 | |
| 15 | AppDev Studio Release 2.0 | Carl LaChapelle | Version 2 of AppDev Studio is shipping! What is AppOev Studio you ask? AppOev Studio provides a single interface for the development of thin- and power-client business intelligence applications. It is the first suite of application development products tailored specifically for developing information delivery applications. It draws upon the proven strengths of SAS software, including an open arcMecture for developing solutions on every major Web standard on both the server and the client side. This presentation will highlight many of the enhancements that have been made to this release of the software with live demonstrations of new features available in webAF and webEIS TM, two of the components that make up the AppDev Studio bundle. A copy of the finished paper can be found under the Reference link on the AppDev Studio Developer's Site (www.sas.com/rnd/appdev) | business intelligence, class variable | 1 | |
| 16 | Are Strings Tying You in Knots? | Deb Cassidy | If the answer to the title questions is "YE", then this presentation is for you. You will learn how to make sure you get the entire string "YES" when creating a new variable. But that is just the beginning of some of the fun you can have with character data. This presentation will walk through examples of cleaning up your character data before you can use procedures such as PROC FREQ. Some of the functions to be covered are SCAN, TRIM, LEFT, INDEX, COMPRESS, COMPBL, DEQUOTE and TRANWRD. This presentation uses BASE SAS and is aimed at beginning users although all users may learn a new, helpful function |
proc step, length statement, proc contents, proc print, character functions, proc freq, substr function, if-then-else | 10 | |
| 17 | Avoiding a (Graphic) Identity Crisis with ODS HTML Styles | Jaclyn M. Whitehorn | The new SAS Output Delivery System (ODS) enables any SAS programmer to produce professional-quality output. In particular, the ability to generate HTML output directly from fNBry SAS procedure was highly anticipated by the SAS user community. HowfNBr, it is doubtful that the default HTML output fulfills any site's Web publication standards. The capability of defining a custom ODS style Is pl"Ollided through PROC TEMPLATE, but it Is not for the falnt-of heart. There are a number of new concepts to learn, and the amount of documentation Is small but growing. Furthermore, there are some odd Inheritance structures In the default templates provided by SAS Institute, which makes editing them a greater challenge than necessary. This paper is intended to serve as a "getting started" guide for those users that need to modify the default templates in order to create their own styles. It also Introduces an altematlve style inheritance structure |
ods html, output delivery system, sas output | 5 | |
| 18 | Avoiding E-Overload: Personalizing Web Content through Security, E-Intelligence and Data Mining | Gregory S. Barnes Nelson | Today, the worlds of high-tech with high-touch are quickly converging. The landscape of this new frontier in business intelligence and customized content has challenged the traditional models of deliveling knowledge to diverse constHuents. To make the most effective use of these delivery methods, business needs detailed intelligence on how people use information from these sources. In this paper, we will explore the analytical techniques, technologies end tools used to answer real-world business questions, accelerate knowledge transfer, and foster more profitable relationships with customers, partners, employees and suppliers. SpecHlcally, we will explore the business and technology underpinnings of personalization. Then we will examine the analytic and technical approaches to understanding that data as delivered through elntelligence, click-stream and log analysis techniques | macro variable, sample | 10 | |
| 19 | Avoiding OLAP Solutions to the Web | Eric C. Brinsfield | After many years of developing SAS/AF applications, most of us find ourselves facing or pondering conversions to Web-based SAS applications. Before beginning the process, we need to ask ourselves a series of important questions. For example, is the end result worth the cost of migration? Or, should we convert the entire application or just parts of it or should we just start over? And, what tools should we use in the new Web-based software? In this paper, I will discuss many of the issues that we should take into consideration when preparing for and planning a migration from a fat-client application to a thin-client browser application. I will present specific case studies that illustrate successful migration paths |
phase iii, sql server, data warehouse, proc sql, data mart | 6 | |
| 20 | Basic Macro Processing | Destiny Corporation (a company) | macro variable, macro facility, macro put, macro definition, macro call, proc step, &variable, automatic macro variable, proc print, symbol table, keyword parameter, %macro parameters, missing value, macro parameter, macro quoting function | 6 | ||
| 21 | Basic SAS PROCedures for Generating Quick Results | Kirk Paul Lafler | As an IT professional, saving time is critical. So is delivering timely and quality looking reports to management, end users, and customers. The SAS System provides numerous "canned" PROCedures for generating quick results to take care of both ... and more. Attendees will see how basic SAS PROCedures such as SORT, PRINT, SOL, and FORMS are used to create detail reports; how CHART, FREO, MEANS, PLOT, and UNIVARIATE are used to summarize and create graphical, tabular, or statistical output; and several useful techniques including how to inform the SAS System which data set to use as input to a procedure, how to subset data using a WHERE statement (or WHERE= clause), and how to perform BY-group processing to separate data into groups of like information | proc step, proc print, proc means, libname statement, by group processing, footnote statement, quit, run, proc freq, bar chart, format statement, numeric variable, where statement, label statement, proc sql, proc univariate, proc sort | 10 | |
| 22 | Behind the Scenes at SAS-L | F. Joseph Kelley | 1 | |||
| 23 | Biotech Warehouse - Stretching the Limit of Columns | Larry D. Bramblett | data warehouse, proc transpose | 2 | ||
| 24 | Bootstrapping a Multidemensional Preference Analysis | E. Barry Moser, Xiamong Liang |
Preference data are frequently collected to help decision makers prioritize items. or are measured on subjects. such as animals, and used to help Infer preference for or avoidance of resources. Multidimensional preference analysis may be used to construct a biplot of the items and subjects In the space of a few components as an aid to interpretation and presentation of results. The variability associated with the objects In the plot, however, is frequently not shown. The SASIST A T survey sampling PROCEDURE SURVEYSELECT is used to select bootstrap samples from a preference data set, then multidimensional preference analysiS is performed with the SASISTAT PRINOUAL procedure to produce estimates of the variabilities of objects. Next the SAS/GRAPH GPLOT procedure Is used to produce a variety of graphics using the bootstrap information that can then show the precision with which objects are estimated in the components space |
sample, bootstrap, proc step | 4 | |
| 25 | Building a SAS Intranet Site | Tim P. Williams | Intranets are now common in both large and small organizations. These internal websltes provide a way to presant vast quantities of Information In an organized and saarchable form. This paper describes the construction and Implementetlon of an Intranet site developed by the Analysis Programming staff of PRA International In Charlottesville, VA. Methods for content development and display of SAS coding examples are illustrated. Management of SAS coding projecte is discussad In terms of how a datebase-drlven webalte can Increasa the efficiency of a programming teem and lead to a better deliverable product. It Is hoped that this paper will stimulate discussion on how Intranets may better sarYB SAS programmers in the pharmaceutical and other Industries | ods html, data cleaning | 5 | |
| 26 | Case Studies in Data Management on the Web | Carol A. Martell | The Highway Safety Research Center(HSRC) at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill uses the data management capabilities available through SAS/LNTRNET CGI Tools for several projects. This paper will examine three applications. The PBCAT Order application captures Information, forwarding relevant fields to a fulfillment house. The Walk to School application collects data from the web and quickly resurfaces that data after human scrutiny. The PedBike Information System Is similar to a problem tracking system. Questions are directed to a team of experts. Both questions and answers are entered into the system, creating a searchable database. This paper describes the structure of these projects, which incorporate base SAS, SASISHARE and two SASllntrNet components (htmSQl and the Application Dispatcher) In a Soiaris environment |
proc sql, batch job | 10 | |
| 27 | Changes & Enhancements for ODS by Example | Sandy McNeill, David W. Kelley |
The purpose of this paper Is to show through example some of the new ODS features and options that have been added for SAS Version 8.2. Some of the highlights are: production PDF destination; template options which allow the invocation of a macro or evaluation of an expression using values from other columns on the same row; in-line formatting for the PRINTER and RTF destinations which allows a finer control over page breaks, subscripting, superscripting, formatting of particular words in a cell instead of the entire cell; and style control for titles and footnotes for the PRINTER and RTF destinations. This paper will talk about each of these topics along with some examples |
proc step, proc print, title statement, output delivery system, proc template, footnote statement, proc report, ods html, ods listing, user-defined format, ods rtf | 7 | |
| 28 | Changes and Enhancements to PROC MEANS In Version 8 of the SAS System | Andrew H. Karp | proc step, proc means, dataset, class variable, output, by group processing, character variable, numeric variable, sas base | 6 | ||
| 29 | Conversion of SUDANN Output into Publication-Quality Tables--A Simplified Approach | Charlotte Cates Gard | We have developed a program that utilizes the capabilijies of the SAS Output Delivery System and the SAS REPORT procedure to generate Rich Text Format tables from SUDAAN PROC CROSSTAB output. Because the SAS Output Delivery System allows style elements to be specified directly in PROC REPORT, the tables generated by our program are in 'final form" and require little manipulation to meet formatting requirements. In addijion, as most of the formatting is done 'behind the scenes," the code is straightforward and can be easily modified for various table configurations |
proc step, proc report, proc freq, response variable, output delivery system, confidence interval, sample, proc tabulate, sample size, sas output, macro variable, proc template | 6 | |
| 30 | Creating Adobe PDF Files from SAS Graph Output | Patrick M. McGown | proc step, proc greplay | 5 | ||
| 31 | Creating Java Based Applications | Destiny Corporation (a company) | dataset, libname statement | 10 | ||
| 32 | Creating Regional Maps with Drill-Down Capabilities | Deb Cassidy | SAS/GRAPH includes many maps which are very useful. But what if you need a map that truly represents your company? Many companies combine several states into a region. My company does not even follow state boundaries so some states are split across more than one region. This presentation will show you how to turn the county level map into a region-level map. Of course, with the advent of ODS, no presentation is complete without discussing ODS. The presentation will also cover the extra steps so you can have drill-down capabilities with your new regional map. This presentation uses SAS/GRAPH It is assumed the audience has some SAS knowledge but may not have used SAS/GRAPH maps or ODS |
proc step, numeric variable | 6 | |
| 33 | Creating Student Academic Profiles | Janice McBee | University academic advisors rely on data from various sources ranging from a student's experiences prior to entering the university and a student's performance at the university. High school rank, grade point average, and SAT, ACT or other such scores typically make up some of the data elements. Transfer of credits from advanced placement high school courses or from courses taken at other institutions, e.g., community colleges adds to the student profile. In addition, performance at the university should be included in a student profile. The purpose of this paper is to join/merge data from various sources (MS EXCEL flies, Banner Oracle tables and SAS datasets) using SAS on data from various sources ranging from a student's experiences prior to entering' the university and a student's profile to be used in academic advising. SAS Enterprise Guide tasks and SAS procedures were used to develop a decision model to aid the advisors of freshman students in a particular department |
dataset, sas enterprise guide, correlation, excel | 4 | |
| 34 | Creating Visit Specific CRF Checklists for a Longitudinal Study | Emily A. Mixon, Karen B. Fowler |
A longitudinal study recently opened at our Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Unit (PACTU) requiring complex study visits, a large number of case report forms (CRFs) and an increased frequency of study visits. To assist both clinical and data management staff in managing and maintaining a visit checklist of CRFs required, we modified a previous SAS/AF application. Five sites in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida send CRFs for data entry to UAB and we have created a Data Management Application (SAS v.B) that generates the expected visits for new patients randomized and also generates the data for the visit specific CRF checklists for each participant's subsequent study visits. The visit specific CRF checklist includes the Patient Id Number, expected visit date range for the next study visit, the study calculated year, month and visit week of the upcoming visit and a list of all the CRFs required for the visit per protocot |
randomization, visit, dataset | 4 | |
| 35 | Cubes on the Cheap | Jimmy A. DeFoor | proc means, proc step, ods html, data step | 6 | ||
| 36 | Data Cleaning and Base SAS Functions | Caroline C. Bahler | date variable, character variable, sysdate9, data cleaning, input statement, substr function, character functions | 6 | ||
| 37 | Data Quality - Spinning Straw Into Gold | Bob Brauer | data cleaning, business intelligence, data integration | 5 | ||
| 38 | Debugging Made Easy | Andrew B. Ratcliffe | This paper focuses on making the process of bug investigation easier. It lists and discusses coding techniques, tools, and debugging techniques that the author has found to be successful. The paper focuses on Base SAS coding, but includes occasional mention of SAS/AF issues |
macro variable, sas base, data step, cpu time, if-then-else, work library, proc step, macro definition, %if-%then-%else | 8 | |
| 39 | Defining Test Data Using Population Analysis | Clarence W. Jackson | Defining test data that provides complete test case coverage requires the tester to accumulate data that will satisfy all of the test cases in the requirements. Having access to production data eases the accumulation somewhat, but then any smart tester knows that testing should not be done in the production data. The next best situation is to completely copy production data, but this can be expensive depending on the size of the files and the amount of testing being committed. Another option would be to build test data based on the requirements, which mayor may not match the varied data found in production data. This paper proposes using population analysis of production data as a tool to defining test data coverage. The tools available to provide statistical analysis, such as frequency of data element values and percentages to the total population will provide measurable verification of the test data to the production data, ensuring better results of testing scenarios | proc freq, sample, proc step, quality assurance | 6 | |
| 40 | Delivering Information Everywhere Using JSP and SAS | Pat M. Herbert, Bryan Boone |
With the advent of the Internet and the increasing mobility of its users, it has become necessary to allow immediate access to data and reports from non-desktop (wireless) devices such as palm pilots and phones. In this paper we will show how SAS technology in conjunction with JSP and Servlets will keep your users connected to their business information on demand | 2 | ||
| 41 | Delivering OLAP Solutions to the Web | Tammy L. Gagliano, Tony Prier |
What is OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) end how can it benefit your organizafron? can you or should you be delivering your OLAP applications via the web? If so, what tools are available to you? These questions and more will be answered during the presentation, which will include live demonstrations of the Java technologies available to you for web-enabling your OLAP solutions. Using tools that are part of AppDev Studio TM, you can develop applet-based or servlet-based (including JavaServer Pages) OLAP applications. Comparisons will be made regarding the pros and cons of each approach as well as how the different technologies can be used together to provide a complete solution | excel, business intelligence | 13 | |
| 42 | Detecting Anomalies in Your Data Using Benford's Law | Curtis A. Smith | Analyzing large amounts of data looking for anomalies can be a disheartening task. You need techniques that w"1 allow you to quickly assess the data in ways that will highlight potential anomalies wh"e keeping you from chasing the wind. Benford's Law is one such technique. Using Benford's law and SAS Software you can quickly identify one or more first digit patterns that defy statistical averages. Within this paper, the author will present SAS code that will enable you to quickly and easily find anomalies in the data you analyze. The SAS code will include the DATA STEP, the MERGE statement, and the FREQ, REPORT, and GPLOT prooedures. The author will also present some findings from the data he analyzes. The technique presented is powerful, yet easy to understand and use |
proc freq, numeric variable, proc gplot | 5 | |
| 43 | Direct Addressing Techniques of Table Look-Up Part 1. Key-Indexing - Bitmapping Part 2. Hashing | Paul M. Dorfman | hash table, key, temporary array, memory usage, proc sql, character variable, conditional do loop, missing value, sample, data wrangling, array, proc freq, lookup | 10 | ||
| 44 | Dynamically Instantiating Widgets on SAS Frames - Why, How, and When | David L. Ward | SASfAF Frames can be a quick and powerful way to build SAS-based application in your organization. There may be times when you need your users to be able to build frames dynamically, for example, to build data entry screens. It is possible to use the work area class from version 6 to build a run-time frame "edHor" by which you can allow users to addfremovefmove widgets and set their properties. A frame can then be written which will dynamically instantiate widgets the user has buiH at design-time. The parent frame can even add and change methods and properties of those widgets as needed. Presented in this paper is a data entry application that allows users to build screens and uses a SASIAF Frame to draw the screens at run-time. This technique can provide a wealth of rich functionalHy to your SASfAF applications, especially if you need your users to design part of your application | 3 | ||
| 45 | Elegant Tables: Dressing Up Your TABULATE Results | Lauren E. Haworth | proc tabulate, proc step, label statement, ods html | 9 | ||
| 46 | Energizing End Users with a Slice of SAS and a Cup of Jave | Randy Curnutt, Michael J. Pell, John M. LaBore |
Many corporate information systams have evolved to Integrate a diverse mixture of hardware platforms. Although commonplace, the mainframe has been joined by a plethora of UNIX and NT servers as well as an army of personal computers often connected by local Area Networks (LAN) or Wide Area Networks (WAN). Further, software tools in this environment are diverse. Users now wish to analyze their mainframe data with PC and UNIX tools In addition to using mainframe tools. It is often necessary to migrate data to new platforms because some tools require local data access. Users may become intimidated and stymied by the prospect of finding an easy and reliable method for moving mainframe data to remote platforms. We explore how the flexibility of SAS system architecture, combined with Java programming capabilities, provides instant access In an easy-to use tool for point-and-click data migration and conversion (OS/390 SAS, DB2 views, Oracle views) to a PC or UNIXINT servers | proc step, dataset, delimited file, raw data, excel, macro definition | 5 | |
| 47 | Evaluating the Use of Enterprise Guide in Introductory Statistics Classes | Sandra B. Donaghy, Joy Munk Smith |
Enterprise Guide (EG), a Windows thin client, provides a point and click interface to the SAS System. EG allows users to access all data types supported by the SAS System and utilize the computing power of any Version 8 SAS Server to generate professional reports and graphics from the PC client interface. In addition to the tasks that are available in the point and click environment. EG provides a program editor window where the full power of the SAS System is available through traditional SAS programming. The code generated using the point and click environment is viewable and can be useful for learning SAS programming. This paper includes a handout that we plan to use in a pilot study this summer and our personal evaluation of EG for use in beginning statistics classes. The presentation will include an online demo and discussion of the pilot study | dataset, proc sql, sas programming, libname statement, sas enterprise guide, excel, sample, data science, sas syntax, regression analysis | 8 | |
| 48 | Florida Community College System - Putting Minds to Work | Jeanette Humphrey, Howard Campbell, Brian Walsh |
dataset, verbatim term | 8 | ||
| 49 | Formats, Informats and How to Program with Them | H. Ian Whitlock | Formats tell how to display stored data and informats how to read them. In other words, they allow the separation of data from the values one works with. While most programming languages provide some sort of formatting capability, SAS provides an extensive system that comes to dominate how one works with SAS. This talk will review some of the supplied formats, show you how to make your own with code or data, and then supply programming examples for how to get the best use of this system | proc format, proc step, character variable, dataset, format statement, proc freq, data step | 9 | |
| 50 | Functional Functions | Gary M. McQuown, Dorothy E. Brown |
Functions are an important aspect of DATA STEP programming that are often overlooked and under utilized. Not only can functions be used to resolve a DATA STEP dilemma; they can be mixed and matched to create efficient and precise code. The arrival of va includes a number of new functions, making it even more difficult to stay up to date. The following prose and examples cover many of the newly introduced functions as well as some unusual |
error message, sas function, data step | 5 | |
| 51 | Fuzzy Key Linkage Robust Data Mining Methods for Real Databases | Sigurd W. Hermansen | proc sql, key, record linkage, data cleaning, group by, proc step, dataset, macro definition, %if-%then-%else | 18 | ||
| 52 | Generating Matched Case Data Using PROC SQL | Imelda C. Go | Some statistical methods compare data matched on certain variables. For example, pairs of subjects with the same gender are to be compared. Whenever data from males/females are to be matched with data from other males/females, a many-te-many match is involved. SAS users are discouraged from using the DATA STEP to perform many-te-many matches. PROC Sal can adequately handle such types of matches. The paper is an |
proc step, proc sql, select, where statement, variable list, proc print, order by | 3 | |
| 53 | Getting Started with PROC LOGISTIC | Andrew H. Karp | logistic distribution, logistic regression, proc logistic, predictor variable, proc step, regression analysis, response variable, odds ratio, estimate, proc reg, proc genmod, confidence interval, data science | 5 | ||
| 54 | Graphing in SAS Software | Destiny Corporation (a company) | proc step, proc freq, scatter plot, bar chart, proc gplot, vertical bar chart, numeric variable, predictor variable | 18 | ||
| 55 | Heel Ultrasound As a Predictor of Appendicular Bone Mineral Density | Rebecca G. Frederick, E. Barry Moser, Ellen R. Brooks |
Emerging medical technologies for use in the area of skeletal assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) are on the rise, while at the same time the aging population and the incidence of osteoporosis both increase. A new technology, quantitative peripheral heel ultrasound (Sahara Clinical Bone Sonometer, Hologic), measures variables related to sound transmission through the calcaneus. This study evaluates the utility of heel ultrasound in predicting appendicular BMD as determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic QDR 4500) at the hip in Caucasian females, 65-81 years old. Computations were performed on an IBM 300PL personal computer with Microsoft Windows NT Workstation and SAS software. PROC REG was used for variable selection and model building, while PROC CANCORR provided canonical correlations of the data |
correlation, regression analysis, proc cancorr, predictor variable, proc step, stepwise selection, proc reg | 5 | |
| 56 | How American Express Saved $1M in CPU Charges | Hermes Villalobos | There are many advantages of using code generators, for example, reducing the number of programming hours, thus allowing the SAS users to focus on analysis. Another example, in cases like this, is reducing the cost of CPU. This project was designed with interaction on multiple platforms: Unix, Windows, and Mainframe. It is difficult to synchronize the programs running on these different platforms. In order to achieve some harmony among the programs, CRT, Microsoft Access, and FTP scripts were incorporated in to the project. This paper will describe how to create a code generator and how to solve the problems related to the multiple platforms and multiple users. 418 | flat file, sample, excel | 5 | |
| 57 | How Fast Can You Type "or" Go Ahead and Get Snippity | John Charles Gober | proc step, dataset, proc sql, proc upload | 5 | ||
| 58 | HTML for the SAS Programmer | Lauren E. Haworth | sas output, title statement, proc step, ods html, proc template, footnote statement, sas programmer | 9 | ||
| 59 | Ideas on Variable Selection and Alternative Links in Procedure CATMOD | Kimberly DeJarnatt, James E. Dunn |
Two practical features are lacking in SAS PROCEDURE CATMOD: (1) for nominal categories of response, only use of baseline logit link functions admits to maximum likelihood estimation, and (2) no provision exists for automated "SELECTION=" model-building. This paper illustrates how both might be implemented, based in the.flrst case on a class of generalized additive models previously presented to SUGI, and improvising on the basis of sweep operations in the second. Agresti-level data sets are used to illustrate the methodology. Even in those cases, we demonstrate that either model fit or power may improve by choosing altematives to baseline logits. Considerably simplified models often resuH by zeroing parameters in addition to those suggested by the ANOVA table. The implementing SASlIML code is available on request. Statisticians and other Scientists faced with modeling multinomial response will find this paper of interest. Key words: multinomial, IML, sweep, Wald statistics, logit |
anova, likelihood function, maximum likelihood estimation, feature selection, backward selection, logistic distribution, sample | 4 | |
| 60 | Implementing Digital Analysis Using SAS | Thomas J. Winn Jr. | Benford's Law is an empirically-verified mathematical formula which describes the expected distribution of digits in a collection of everyday numbers. Since most people aren't familiar with these theoretical frequencies, it often is possible to compare an actual distribution of digits with the Benford probabilities, in order to determine if the data were contrived (invented, fraudulent, or rounded) somehow. The paper describes the SAS code that was written by the author for use at the Texas State Auditor's Office | tolerance interval, proc freq, data science, frequency analysis | 4 | |
| 61 | Individual Growth Analysis Using PROC MIXED | Maribeth H. Johnson | Individual growth models are designed for exploring longitudinal data on individuals over time. PROC MIXED allows the growth parameters for each individual to be examined as random effects in the model. Individual-level covariates can be entered into the model as fixed effects to determine their impact on the dependent variable alone and in Interaction with the growth parameters. The structure of the variance-covariance matrix of the repeated measurements can also be examined and entered into the model. A model building exercise will be demonstrated using up to eight systolic blood pressure measurements of youths aged 7-22 |
proc mixed, covariance, correlation, proc step, fixed effects, random intercept, group by, covariance structure, longitudinal data, estimate, proc freq, likelihood function | 7 | |
| 62 | Integrating SAS/Connect with Java | John M. LaBore, Randy Curnutt, Michael J. Pell |
SAS/CONNECT provides an easy and reliable method for connecting remote hosts and executing SAS'" commands on the remote environment. This paper explores the use of SAS/CONNECT in conjunction with the robust Java language. Various methods of Integration with SAS/CONNECT will be reviewed, including dynamic program generation to create and run a web-based application, and the dynamic generation and execution of SAS/CONNECT programs to be submitted and executed on remote systems, such as OS/390 mainframes, Unix servers, and NT servers. The following will discuss the advantages and disadvantages 01 each approach |
proc step, proc printto, sas log, create table, proc upload, proc sql, data cleaning | 9 | |
| 63 | Interactive PROC Report | Destiny Corporation (a company) | sas log, dataset | 30 | ||
| 64 | Introduction to the SAS Macro Language | Thomas J. Winn Jr. | macro variable, macro facility, macro definition, automatic macro variable, sas programming, proc step, &variable | 4 | ||
| 65 | Introduction to the SAS Programming Language | Thomas J. Winn Jr. | This short paper is first In the "Introduction to SAS" sequence of papers. It Includes some of a programmer's first steps toward learning SAS. The paper provides a brief overview of the SAS System, as well as an outline of the basic structure of the SAS programming language. In particular, II covers preliminary concepts regarding DATA and PROC steps, the different kinds of data, and SAS data flies. This paper, and the associated presentation, is intended to provide a foundation for the next step of learning SAS, that of creating SAS data sets, using the INPUT statement and INALE options. A Very Brief History of SAS While a greduate student In statistics at NCSU, Jim Goodnight wrote a computer program for analyzing agricultural data. After a few years, Jim's application had attracted a diverse and loyal following among its users, and the program's data management and reporting capabilities had expanded beyond Jim's original intentions |
data visualization, sas base | 3 | |
| 66 | INVALID: a Data Review Macro Using PROC FORMAT Option OTHER=INVALID to Identify and List Outliers | Ronald J. Fehd | Data cleansing, or as it is more euphemistically known: data review, often occupies too much of a programmer's time and energy. With a properly written data dictionary, a data set will contain appropriate formats for each variable; one can then cut and paste the format definitions into PROC FORMAT value statements and label all outliers with the value statement option: other="INVALID". This routine combines a FORMATS catalogue and CONTENTS data set, then uses that information to write data steps which select all outliers. Reports are written, by identifier, for print review and to file, for later use as includes for updating purposes. Expected audience is intermediate and advanced programmers and macro users |
proc format, proc step, macro variable, outlier | 11 | |
| 67 | Knowledge Management Using an Exper System Written in SAS | Anthony M. Dymond | Expert systems are a branch of artificial intelligence that encode the knowledge and performance of a subject matter expert. An expert system provides a powerful approach to managing and applying knowledge to the business. The paradigm here is to encapsulate knowledge in an automated "expert" who can utilize this knowledge for the company's benefit. An expert system can shield a company from employees leaving with critical information. It can help make knowledge available throughout the enterprise and help solve the problem of "knowing what we know." It can implement business rules to bridge the gap between written policy and practical application. It also allows importing automated subject matter experts when needed. This paper describes an expert system written in SAS and reviews some of the major design considerations. Several knowledge bases are demonstrated to show how an expert's knowledge is encapsulated in a knowledge base and applied at run-time | data validation rules, sas base | 7 | |
| 68 | Manipulating Data: Elements of the DATA Step Language | Paul M. Dorfman | In the SAS DATA STEP, you can manipulate data by instructing SAS what to do. However, SAS understands only instructions given in its own tongue. The DATA STEP language (SAS DSL) is simple and powerful, its syntax is crisp and highly readable, and it is easy to learn. In this presentation, we will by to introduce the basics of speaking SAS. Just like in any language, a valid SAS phrase contains meaningful expressions that follow an intelligible sequence. These two prindpal parts will be conSidered one at a time: 1. Expressions - basic blocks from which statements are built: Constants - Variables-Arrays-Assignment and Sum Operators-Functions. 2. Control Flow - the order of execution of instructions: Conditional execution-Branching-Repetition. The presentation should provide an Idea about the overall structure and main building blocks of the language used in the SAS DATA STEP |
sample, numeric variable, dataset, missing value, automatic variable, character constant, numeric constant, _eof_, do loop, set statement, continue, end, conditional do loop | 10 | |
| 69 | Multiprocessing with Version 8 of the SAS System | Cheryl Doninger | mp connect, sas output, proc sort, proc step, elapsed time, macro variable, data step, parallel processing, options statement, macro definition | 10 | ||
| 70 | Obtaing and Using Euro Currency Rates in SAS Programs | Richard D. Langston | 7 | |||
| 71 | ODS for PRINT, REPORT, and TABULATE | Lauren E. Haworth | For most procedures in the SAS system, the only way to change the appearance of the output is to change or modify the ODS style definition. There are three exceptions: REPORT, TABULATE, and PRINT. These procedures allow you to change the output style attributes on the fly when the output is generated. With these three procedures, you can create almost any type of tabular report. Add in the extra control over style attributes, and you have a reporting pow erhouse. This paper will show how to change the fonts, col ors, and alignment of your output. You will also learn how to use formats to highlight key results in special colors and use images in table headings. For convenience, all of the examples are shown as HTML output. Except where noted, the examples all work for RTF or printer output as well. The examples in this paper are based on SAS ver sion 8.2. The PRINT examples will only wolk with version 8.2 or later. Most of the REPORT and TABULATE examples will also work with versions 8 |
proc step, ods html, proc tabulate, proc print, proc report | 9 | |
| 72 | ODS, YES! Odious, NO! - An Introduction to the SAS Output Delivery System | Lara K. Bryant, Sally M. Muller, Ray Pass |
ODS (originally pronounced 'odious', but now pronounced 'ya gotta love it') is the new SAS System facility, starting with Version 7, that you can use to format your PROC and DATA output in ways just recently only dreamed about. ODS offers greatly enhanced flexibility and ease of use for both new SAS users and experienced SAS users new to ODS. This paper will discuss the basics of ODS, emphasizing |
proc step, file statement, proc reg, run, output, proc univariate, ods html, ods output, output delivery system, proc freq, sas log, proc print, sas output | 10 | |
| 73 | OLAP Best Practices - What You Need to Consider When Building and Deploying an OLAP Application | Greg Henderson | SASIOLAP Server Software is a powerful, flexible and scalable OLAP solution. It's hybrid OLAP (HOLAP) archHecture provides the flexibility to store data in whatever format is most appropriate based on the characteristics of the data and how the data will be used. This also means, however, that choices must be made as to what is the most appropriate data model for a successful OLAP application. This paper will Identify and discuss the issues that need to be taken into account when designing and deploying an OLAP application | access control, star schema, proc step, sas enterprise guide | 7 | |
| 74 | OOP Needs OOA and OOD | Andrew B. Ratcliffe | So SASlAF supports object-oriented programming (OOP), but does that mean that all applications developed using SAS/AF are object-oriented? Not so. This paper provides an outline of an object oriented approach to producing true object-oriented applications. The paper emphasises a focus on objects, not processes, combined with proper object oriented analysis (OOA) and design (000). Techniques and practices covered in more detail include the use of CRC (Class, Responsibility, and Collaboration) CARDS, the UML (Unified Modelling Language), software modelling, and an iterative |
by group processing, sample | 5 | |
| 75 | Optimal Solutions of Discrete Resource Allocation Problems with SAS/OR Software | Douglas L. McAllaster | This paper is a tutorial on how to use SAS/OR PROC LP to solve integer programming problems. SAS/OR (operations research) software includes PROC LP which solves linear programming (LP) problems. This same procedure also includes the capability to solve integer programming (IP) problems, a very important class of problems which models discrete (binary: yes or no) decisions. This paper describes some classic integer programming models, all of which PROC LP can solve. Although the paper is primarily a verbal description of classic LP & IF models (and includes their algebroic formulations in the appendix), my presentation of this paper will focus on gmphical representations (which are much more readily intelligible) like those in the appendix |
proc step, integer programming | 10 | |
| 76 | Optimizing Data Extraction from Oracle Tables | Caroline C. Bahler | The SAS/ACCESS'" product for Oracle'" offers a fast and easy interface for reading Oracle tables - access views or SOL Pass-Thru facility. However, if your extraction requirements include joining Oracle tables or extracting date ranges then you need to know Oracle's "flavor' of SOL. In addition, efficient use of SAS/ACCESS methods may require some knowledge of how the Oracle database was designed and what Oracle operational options are in effect. The objective of this paper is to discuss some of the potential pitfalls and efficiencies when working with SAS/ACCESS to extract information from Oracle. This paper assumes the reader is familiar with the SAS/ACCESS product and specifically targets SAS/ACCESS and Oracle operational and SOL options that can be used to optimize data retrieval. Extracting Data from Oracle ACCESS Views An Access view creates a "road map" to the location of a table and permits data extraction to occur. Access views are created using PROC ACCESS |
proc step, create table, proc sql, macro variable, foreign key, variable, inner join, dataset | 9 | |
| 77 | Overcoming the Challenges of Longitudinal Data Collection | Imelda C. Go | This paper discusses problems encountered when data are collected longitudinally. longitudinal data collection implies data collected over time are to be matched on key variables (e.g., social security number, last name, first name). Data for the key variables are not always consistent due to a variety of reasons (e.g., human error, name changes). This lack of consistency creates problems during the matching process. The paper also discusses matching data using the DATA STEP versus PROC SOL |
proc step, proc sort, data cleaning | 4 | |
| 78 | Passing Along SAS Data - SET, MERGE, and UPDATE | Andrew T. Kuligowski | I Introduction Once a SAS dataset is created, the user will often want to modify it or combine it with other datasets. This presentation will cover three basic commands that can be employed to use, reuse, and combine existing SAS datasets: SET, MERGE, and UPDATE. The following topics will be covered in this presentation: The LIBNAME statement - permanently storing your SAS dataset. The SET statement - reusing a SAS dataset. The MERGE statement - bringing two SAS datasets together. The BY statement - controlling the order of integration. * The UPDATE statement - changing an existing SAS dataset. The goal of this presentation is to provide the attendee with the background necessary to permanently catalog and reuse their SAS data. LlBNAME Statement All SAS datasets are stored in SAS Data Libraries |
dataset, set statement | 9 | |
| 79 | Point and Click Web Pages with Design-Time Controls and SAS/IntrNet Software | Vincent DelGobbo, John Leveille |
SAS Design-Tme Controls (DTCs) are a powerful and exciting addijion to SAS Web Technologies. These add-in software components integrate back-end SAS software functionality wijh your desktop HTMl editor. You can now create Web pages that contain SAS content in a WYSWIG, point-and-click fashion using anyone of several popular HTMl editors. In most cases, you do not have to write a single line of code | dataset, output delivery system | 7 | |
| 80 | Power and Sample Size Determination for Linear Models | John M. Castelloe, Ralph G. O'Brien |
This presentation describes the steps involved in per forming sample size analyses for a variety of linear models, both univariate and multivariate. As an an alyst you must gather and synthesize the information needed, but you should be able to rely on the ana lytical tools to accommodate the numerous ways in which you can characterize and solve problems. Ex amples illustrate these principles and review relevant | sample size, sample, correlation, anova, proc genmod, regression analysis, standard deviation, fixed effects, power analysis, proc mixed, covariance, multiple regression, type i error, type ii error, f-test, predictor variable, partial correlation, primary endpoint, proc reg, main effect, null hypothesis, one-way anova, repeated measures, response variable | 13 | |
| 81 | Problem Solving Techniques with SQL | Kirk Paul Lafler | Solving technical problems involves the use of good techniques. Data processing problems frequently involve a great deal of data manipulation and computing resources. When confronted with problems of this nature, you could approach them using conventional DATA, and/or PROC STEP methods, or you could use the strengths of the Sal procedure to manipulate and process this data. Attendees wilileam how Sal can be used to solve traditional, as well as not so traditional, problems including sorting and grouping data, using summary functions, performing two-, three-, multi-table, and outer joins, and constructing subqueries to pass results from one query to another for further processing |
right join, full join, inner join, proc sql, left join, proc step, data wrangling | 4 | |
| 82 | PROC FORMAT, a Speedy Alternative to Sort/Sort/Merge | Jenine Eason | Many users of SAS System software, especially those working with large data sets, are often confronted with several challenges. How can one reduce he data set size and reduce the amount of time required retrieving specific data? In this paper, we attempt to do both using a matching method utilizing PROC FORMAT to replace the CPU heavy Sort/Merge. It is ideal for situations when a key from one file is needed to extract data from another file. It is more apparently useful when at least one of the files is quite large. This method has been proven time and again to decrease CPU by 70 - 80%. This paper is intended for the intermediate to advanced SAS user. It is effective on all platforms and uses Base SAS |
cpu time, proc format, proc step, data step | 4 | |
| 83 | PROC REPORT: How To Get Started | Malachy J. Foley | PRoe REPORT started as a soupped-up version of PROC PRINT. Now this unique product combines features from PROC PRINT, SORT, FREQ. MEANS, and TABULATE. Because of its special blend of possibilities, PROe REPORT is often the easiest way to do an elegant data listing or a report with descriptive statistics. This tutorial shows how to use the batch versions of PROe REPORT. Via examples, it thoroughly explores the use of PROC REPORT in creating specialized data listings |
proc report, proc step, proc print, proc means, label statement | 10 | |
| 84 | PROC SQL - Is it a Required Tool for Good SAS Programming? | H. Ian Whitlock | No one SAS tool can be the answer to all problems. However, it should be hard to consider a SAS programmer well versed in SAS, who does not use DATA steps. SOL should be classified with the DATA STEP rather than procedures because it is really a programming language in itself. In the past many good SAS programmers have resisted learning PROC SOL on the basis that it is a database tool and that they can get along without it. It is time (or past time) to reconsider the question and change that belief. SOL has dramatically changed the nature of what good SAS macro code looks like. It can simplify and standardize a number of common SAS programming patterns involving combinations of the DATA STEP, PROC |
proc step, proc sql, group by, create table, sas programmer, proc print, macro loop, macro variable, order by, macro definition, proc freq | 6 | |
| 85 | Reading and Writing Data from Microsoft Excel/Word Using DDE | Destiny Corporation (a company) | excel, data step, dataset | 6 | ||
| 86 | Rev Up Your Spreadsheets With Some V8 Power | Peter W. Eberhardt | There is a common need to provide read access to data residing in SAS tables. This tutorial will introduce some components ofSAS Integration Technologies, then show how to use these components to get SAS data into a MS EXCEL spreadsheet - in some cases, without the need for SAS on the user's computer. This tutorial is geared for any SAS programmer who has a good grasp ofVBA. There are few SAS programmers and/or analysts who have not heard the refrain 'Can I have that in an EXCEL spreadsheet? '. And, once provided, the additional and inevitable refrain 'Can you run it again with this one change? '. If you have SAS/ Access for PC File F onnals, generating the spreadsheets is not too big an issue, assuming you have time to make the change and run the programme. And if you do not have SAS/ Access for PC File formats, then you have yet another layer of conversion, additional time, and of course the window of opportunity for errors to creep in |
excel, sas library | 8 | |
| 87 | Running SAS Applications on the Web | Destiny Corporation (a company) | sample | 4 | ||
| 88 | SAS and Electronic Mail: Send e-mail Faster, and DEFINITELY more efficienctly | Roy I. Fleischer | With every new software package I install, I look for some application that will enable me to simplify or improve the efficiency of my day to day processes. After all, technology is supposed to make things better, more able, and somehow remove manual processes. This is exactly what happened when I was introduced to SAS' e-mail capabilities. I suddenly found I could, when completing a task, e-mail out the resulting file with the click of a button. I would not need to leave SAS to open e-mail, find the name of the person(s), attach the file(s) after searching for the correct subdirectory, then hit send. Instead, I was able to replace a lengthy administrative task with a single, repeatable one | excel, filename statement, cdisc | 5 | |
| 89 | SAS on the Web: How do I get There from Here? | Carol A. Martell, Ruth Marinshaw, Eric Rodgman |
Do you ever wonder what it would take to start using those SAoo skills in a web application? Several pieces have to be in place if you want to play. This tutorial will tell you what those pieces are and how to either ask for them or implement them yourself. Your system and web server administrators may not be SAS users. Being informed will help you make friends while asking for what you needl | proc sql, libname statement, proc step | 5 | |
| 90 | Sending E-Mail From a Mainframe Using SAS in an MVS Environment | Michael Gillespie, Douglas A. Pacas |
Over 75,000 financial aid checks are disbursed to LSU students each year. In an effort to beIIer serve the student body, a SAS program has been created to send &malls that notify students when financial aid is posted to their accounts. This automated communication has significantly reduced the heavy volume of calls previously received by campus offices regardlng the timing of incoming financial aid moneys. The simple process uses check detail Information and &mail addresses to create an output dataset which Is transferred to an SMTP mall server on MVS | proc step, macro definition | 3 | |
| 91 | Simplified Software Project Management for the Rest of Us Or a Twelve Step Program for the Chronically Overworked Programmer, Project Leader or Manager | Tom Mannigel | Many SAS systems such as Data Warehouses are build by one programmer or a single team who are looking for all the help they can get. Unfortunately the so called "Rapid Development Techniques" designed to help quicken software projects are for the most part for huge teams spending millions of dollars or software that's sold by the millions. For that reason these approaches are very complex and require a lot of resources. Something smaller projects don't have. There's a big difference in the support and resources for a project that the president has bet the company's success on and a "whatever's needed" custom SAS system for a small group of very impatient end users. It's like trying to build a custom horne using the same approach you'd use to build a skyscraper. Unhappily you're probable going to waste and not save time. There must be a simpler way. There is | 4 | ||
| 92 | Sounds Like a Good Idea, But What's the ROI? | John E. Bentley | Too many good ideas for using SAS Software remain just that: good ideas that are never implemented. Why? Getting an idea approved and funded as a project largely depends on showing that it has real value, and most organizations select projects based on ROI-Return on Investment. ROI is the net profit that a project generates in the form of either additional revenue or reduced expenses. This paper will introduce SAS users to concepts related ROI, present some essential information about calculating ROI, and suggest how to write a Project Justification Document that includes an ROI estimate. The goal is to provide some insight and suggestions on how to get a project approved. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed here are those of the author and not those of First Union National Bank. First Union National Bank does not necessarily subscribe to any philosophy, school of thought, definition, methodology, approach, or process the author describes | 5 | ||
| 93 | SQL Processing | Destiny Corporation (a company) | order by, proc step, select, proc sql, proc print, proc sort | 5 | ||
| 94 | Structuring Base SAS for Easy Maintenance | Gary E. Schlegelmilch | Computer programs, by their very nature, are built to be flexible. A program is no more than a series of versatile building blocks, stacked in such a manner to produce a desired result. However, the user requirements change over time, and· so must the program change to reflect those new requirements. There are a number of ways to layout a program, so as to make it easy to fmd the places where change is required. And as always; it is far easier to start with a solid foundation than to try and retool after the fact | macro variable, macro definition | 6 | |
| 95 | Supplier Management with SAS Supply Chain Solutions | Edward P. Hughes | This paper presents an overview of the SAS approach to supplier management, focusing on the use of SAS' well established optimization expertise to aid in selecting and evaluating suppliers. The supplier management solutions are explored individually and are shown in the context of a complete spectrum of SAS supply chain solutions | data validation rules, odds ratio | 4 | |
| 96 | Survey Estimates and Variance Estimation Using SURVEYMEANS Procedure | Hossein N. Yarandi, Shawn J. Kniepp |
sample, sample weight, proc calis, random sampling, regression analysis, proc means, confidence interval | 5 | ||
| 97 | Taming the Chaos: Managing Large SAS/AF Applications Using Programming Standards and the Source Control Manager of Version 8 of the SAS System | C. Michael Whitney | The use of programming teams offers both advantages and disadvantages when compared with individual programming efforts. The team approach allows a wide range of programming skills and problem-solving perspectives to be applied to a project, and may shorten development time. On the other hand, team developed projects are often marred by differences in programming styles among developers, resulting in inconsistencies in the use of variable names, levels of documentation, and user interface design. Further, without some form of code management, the risk of inadvertently overwriting the work of other team members is always present. All of potential problems can make development and maintenance a chaotic and frustrating experience. This paper will discuss how these problems can be minimized, if not eliminated, by applying some basic programming standards, and by making use of the new Source Code Management system that has been released with SAS version B | macro variable, sample | 8 | |
| 98 | The Beauty of OUT2HTM with PROC REPORT | David Steves | Using PROC Reports to Create HTML pages via %OUT2HTM is very easy. This paper describes how Suntrust Bank utilizes this SAS tool to provide its internal customers from over 3600 Bank Branches with product information via the WEB |
proc step, proc report, macro definition | 5 | |
| 99 | The INPUT Statement: Where is it's @ | Ronald P. Cody | input statement, proc print, infile statement, sas log, proc step, trailing @, dataset, character variable, column input, variable list, date variable, numeric variable | 10 | ||
| 100 | The Metamorphiosis of a Study Design | Marge Scerbo, Craig Dickstein |
In a perfect world, there would be perfect data, perfect analysts, and perfect programmers creating perfect outcomes to every possible study. Unfortunately, one, two, or all of these factors are usually imperfect. Data are, especially data in large volumes, rarely flawless. Researchers and analysts designing studies may have great ideas of studies to undertake, but may have little idea of whether it can be done or how to do it. Programmers may be incredibly facile with the software, but rarely comprehend all the intricacies needed to complete a study. Thus, study designs are not ofIen etched in stone. Most likely, they are the outcome of a long and tedious process of checks and balances. This paper will take the reader through the process of developing a study design, using SAS software to provide results on which to base outcomes. A health care policy issue will be used as the basis for the discussion, but the ideas should carry across many industries | proc step, proc freq, proc print, frequency analysis | 9 | |
| 101 | The Power of PROC DATASETS | Lisa M. Davis | The DATASETS procedure can be used to do many functions that are normally done within a SAS DATA STEP more efficiently. For example: Labeling and renaming variables Concatenating and indexing datasets This paper will demonstrate the power of the PROC DATASETS procedure and the enhancements made in VB. This paper is intended for beginning to intermediate SAS users. PROC DATASETS is a powerful procedure that everyone needs to know |
proc step, modify statement, index creation, format statement, data step, proc datasets, label statement, delete, cpu time, dataset, rename statement | 10 | |
| 102 | The Role of SAS/IntrNet in a Web-Enabled Database System | John R. Copeland, David W. King, Paul C. Gangarosa |
Prevention (CDC) has implemented an application, known as the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) data system, to study the impact of new vaccines, specifically influenza and pneumococcal. The system allows investigators in Rochester, NY and Nashville, TN to enter patient data, generate reports and graphs, and download data, using only a web browser. The NVSN data system allows users to store and retrieve data from a Sal Server 7 database. SASllntrNet, along with HTMl, JavaScript, Java applets, and Java Database Connectivity, are used for data extraction and analysis. The SAS Output Delivery System is used to send SAS output to users' web browsers. The system employs a Compaq 7000 for data storage and a Sun E5500 for SASllntmet processing | proc step, box plot, data step, txt, libname statement, dataset, output delivery system | 6 | |
| 103 | The Utter "Simplicity?" of the TABULATE Procedure - The Final Chapter? | Daniel E. Bruns | class variable, proc step, proc tabulate, proc contents | 8 | ||
| 104 | To Annote or Not to Annotate, There Should Be No Question! | Keith Cranford | The Annotate Facility within SAS/GRAPH is a powerful tool for enhancing your graphs. This is one of the tools that distinquishes SAS/GRAPH from other graphing software. This tutorial outlines the baSic concepts ofthe Annotate Facility. Annotate macros, which are provided with SAS/GRAPH software and facilitate the use of annotation, are also discussed |
proc step, line chart, bar chart, proc gplot | 5 | |
| 105 | Top-Down Programming with SAS Macros | Edward Heaton | Structured, top-down programming techniques are not intuitively obvious in the SAS language, but macros can be used to approximate a top-down structure. This can lead to programs that are more versatile, more robust, and generally easier to develop. This presentation will review a SAS macro that reads elements from a diflicult to-read ASCII text file that is typically used to control the processing for a COBOL job. Along the way, we will look at the program structure and review the engineering decisions that allow the code to be developed in an organized and robust manner. This presentation will demonstrate methods for macro testing and debugging, as well as various features of the SAS Macro FaCility | macro definition, macro call, dataset, %if-%then-%else, options statement, proc step, macro loop, macro variable, macro function, compress function, missing value, txt, macro flow control | 9 | |
| 106 | Transforming Single-Record Spreadsheet Data into Multiple Observations | Glenda A. Garner | Generating SAS datasets from AScn files is a simple task. Generating datasets from spreadsheet style data is also easily accomplished in SAS. However, the task becomes much more difficuh when dealing with a mised format of data variables with a varying numher of inpot lines per record. One such example was the conversion process of biomechanical gait data into SAS datasets in the ADAPT study(Arthritis, Diet, and Activity Promotion Trial). This poster will address implementing advanced features of the INPUTstatemenl | input statement, dataset | 2 | |
| 107 | Understanding and Using Functions | Frank C. DiIorio | dataset, date variable, character variable, missing value, sysdate9, normal distribution, gamma distribution, numeric variable, libname statement, error message, time, binomial distribution, poisson distribution | 8 | ||
| 108 | Use of SAS/AF V8e to Compare Death Certificate Data with Health Survey Data from the National Center for Health Statistics | Gretchen K. Jones, Sandra T. Rothwell, Christine S. Cox |
Determination of Fact of Death is one of the follow-up activities which the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) conducts for health surveys. The National Death Index (NDI) is a data base containing information on all U.S. deaths since 1979. To validate a death, the NCHS orders copies of Death Certificates to compare against a more robust set of data than is available from the NDI. The authors have developed a SAS/AF (V8e) application, using the Form Viewer attached to a SAS Dataset Model, which provides a tool to compare NCHS survey data with actual Death Certificates. Access is provided (through push button control) to frames containing data from three different data files. The user compares and "scores' the extent of match of the data variables on a frame with six pages. The final frame gives a summary of scores from the previous frame, with a box for final evaluation of whether the Death Certificate matches the survey data on the files |
sample, dataset | 5 | |
| 109 | Use of SAS/ETS and the BLS-Census Data Ferret for Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program | Richard A. March | This paper describes the proposed use of SAS/ACCESS, the BLS-Census Data FERRETT and SASIETS in the analysis of socioeconomic and environmental justice data for the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan http://www.evergladesplan.org, a co-operative plan between the South Florida Water District and the Jacksonville District of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. Particular attention will be paid to the use of the DataFerrett developed jointly by the U. S. Bureau of the Census and the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics http://ferret. bls.census.gov The data ferret is an electronic data review and extraction tool designed to facilitate review and extraction of socioeconomic data from massive BLS and Census Bureau databases. The latest release of the DataFerrett is available in a Beta release in JAVA for use on the World Wide Web. One form in which the DataFerret can output data is as a SAS data set. A SAS data set will be extracted and analyzed using crosstabs and frequencies |
data warehouse, sample, proc step, proc copy, extract, time series analysis, dataset, regression analysis | 7 | |
| 110 | Using Functions and Arrays in the SAS System to Manage and Manipulate Data | Ben Cochran | Oftentimes, SAS users receive data that is alleged to be cleaned, scrubbed, and ready for an application or placement into a Data Warehouse. Even though the data may be clean, many times further manipulation is needed. This paper examines ways of manipulating data through the use of functions and arrays in the SAS System. This paper is intended for the beginning and intermediate level SAS user. Functions and arrays are a part of the base SAS System; therefore, no other SAS product will be examin,ed in this paper. Basic Data Manipulation Anytime users need to change existing data to meet our application needs, they are manipulating the data. One of the most basic forms of manipulating data is rearranging the order of the observations, or, in other words, sorting it. Sorting data not only rearranges the order of the observations, it allows for by- group processing. An example of this is merging two data sets by a common variable | character variable, array, output, set statement, do loop, input statement, numeric variable, character functions, date variable, ranuni, sas function | 6 | |
| 111 | Using Recursion in the SAS System | David L. Ward | Recursion is a friend of most 3rd or 4th generation language programmers. It can be used to slice hundreds of lines of code from complex algorithms, or bring a system to Its knees after having consumed all its resources. The concept of recursion and useful applications of it using SASallMacro and SASal/AF software will be presented. You willieam how to traverse directories, trees of information, and other interesting yet challenging topics. After reading this paper you should have a better understanding of when and how to use recursion in the SASaI system | macro variable, %if-%then-%else | 2 | |
| 112 | Using SAS to Control MultiStream Binomial Processes | Peter S. Wludyka, Sheri Jacobs |
Process control schemes for multistream binomial processes are described. A multistream process is one in which the streams are uncorrelated or very weakly correlated. When each of the J streams are Identical (a homogeneous multistream process) one can use a group control chart (a k-sigma p-chart on which only the largest and smallest of the J sample proportions nonconforming are plotted). A test (runs rule) that signals when the same stream produces the largest proportion nonconforming R consecutive times is presented along with two SAS programs useful for designing runs rule schemes, p-charts, and Chl Squared control charts | sample, sample size, binomial distribution, monte carlo | 8 | |
| 113 | Using SAS to Create Presentation Quality Spreadsheets in Excel | Joyce R. Hartley | How often have you been asked to produce a report that has subtotals here, grand totals there, ratios two lines down, bold this label, change that font. *. in short, a report better created in EXCEL? But all your data are in SAS data sets? Using PC SAS, DOE (Dynamic Data Exchange), and a little bit of cleverness, it's now easier than ever to produce nicely formatted EXCEL spreadsheets that are populated with SAS data. This technique is particularly useful for the report that needs to be repeated for multiple units (Le. departments), where each sheet needs to be customized. An intermediate skill level in both base SAS and EXCEL is recommended |
excel, call symput | 5 | |
| 114 | Using SAS/IntrNet Software | Kevin Davidson | This paper will demonstrate the best methods of running SAS programs with SASlIntrNet software. Examples of SAS programs executed via the web will be shown. Installation issues will be discussed, such as the optional settings of the Application Dispatcher and the efficiencies of each (the Application Dispatcher is the intermediary between the web browser and the SAS programs that retrieve or update data.) One topic will be customizing the broker configuration file and PROC APPSRV (the procedure which invokes the Application Server). Another will be the options for invoking SAS programs |
options statement, proc step | 7 | |
| 115 | Using the SAS ACCESS Engine for DB2 OS/390 to Bulk Load Tables | Robert E. Maitland Jr., Tom Weber, George Bischoff |
The Bank of America Enterprise Data Warehouse resides in a DB2 OS/390 environment. The optimal | dataset, proc sql, data mart, create table, stored procedure, data step | 4 | |
| 116 | Using the SAS Annote Facility for Creating Custom Graphs | Patrick M. McGown | sample, macro variable, macro loop, proc step, macro definition, retain, proc freq | 8 | ||
| 117 | Using the SAS System to Demonstrate the Equivalence of On-line and On-Papeer Survey Adminstration across Levels of Raters | Jim Penny | This research used logistic regression to model item responses from a popular 360-for-development survey. The model used method of survey delivery and rater group to identify items that exhibited differential item functioning (OIF). The methods of survey delivery were pencil-and-paper and online by web page. The rater groups were self, boss, peer, and direct report. The sample consisted of 374 survey fammes where a survey family consisted of a matched set of four surveys: one self, one boss, one peer, and one direct report. HaH of the survey families were from a pencll-and-paper administration; half were from an online administration. The sample contained 1496 total surveys. The procedure to flag items exhibiting differential functioning used effect size computed from Wald chi-square statistics rather than statistical significance, resulting In fewer flagged items. The results indicated little evidence to suggest that rating differences exist due to the method of survey delivery | logistic distribution, logistic regression, regression analysis, effect size, sample, sample size, standard deviation, estimate, power analysis | 5 | |
| 118 | Using the SAS System to Estimate Sample Size Requirements for Small Sample Confidence Intervals | Jim Penny | This paper presents an iterative procedure to compute the minimum sample size required for the construction of small sample confidence Intervals. The explanation of the process uses the context of computing confidence intervals around the means of item ratings from 3-5 surveys. The results suggest that the common number of 3 to 5 raters in a group may not provide stable item means, and that the resulting feedback may lack sufficient stability for making valid developmental decisions using Item-level feedback | sample, standard deviation, confidence interval, sample size, proc calis, likelihood function | 5 | |
| 119 | Using the SAS System to Study the Gender and Level Measurement Equivalence of a Multi-rater Survey | Jim Penny | This research used logistic regression to model item responses from a popular 360-for-development survey. The survey contained 57 items on 11 scales. The model used gender and rater group to identify items that exhibited differential Item functioning (DIF). The rater groups were seij, boss, peer, and direct report. The sample consisted of 752 survey families where a survey family consisted of a matched set of four surveys: one self, one boss, one peer, and one direct report. The sample of 3008 surveys contained 76% male and 24% female raters. The procedure to flag items exhibiting differential functioning used effect size computed from Wald chi-square statistics rather than statistical significance, resulting in fewer flagged items. Three items exhibited rating anomalies due to the gender of the rater or ratee. Twelve items exhibited OIF attributable to rater group. In each instance, the apparent effect of the OIF was small | logistic regression, logistic distribution, regression analysis, effect size, sample, significance level, type i error, estimate, sample size, maximum likelihood estimation, likelihood function, main effect | 6 | |
| 120 | Using the SAS/ACCESS Libname Technology to Get Improvements in Performance and Optimizations in SAS/SQL Queries | Fred Levine | This paper highlights the new features in the SAS/ACCESS LIBNAME engines that, when used judiciously, can improve overall engine scalability in the areas of loading/extraction, ASYNC I/O, and SOL-based query optimizations. The new loading/extraction engine features are: * MuHi-row reads |
where statement, libname engine, proc sql, dataset, libname statement, insert, teradata | 8 | |
| 121 | V6 to V8 Applications: To Web or Not To Web? | Sharon Muha, Elizabeth Malcom |
When upgrading a V6 SAS/AF application to V8, what are the possibilities? Should the application be web-enabled? If not, why not and what are the other options? Should we make use of Java technology? What are the platform restrictions? What are the interface issues? Are there data-Integrity concerns? These questions are just some of the issues that must be addressed when retooling applications. This paper steps you through the decision-making process and highlights decisions made by developers who were tasked with upgrading a SAS Publications Division V6 SAS/AF FRAME application to a web-enabled V8 application |
dataset, management reporting | 4 | |
| 122 | Version 8 ODS (Output Delivery System) | Destiny Corporation (a company) | This presentation is designed to demonstrate the different possibilities we use when we build web based applications for clients and teach them the web publishing techniques we use with SAS Software. Actual examples are available on our web site. Basic HTML Publishing The most basic form is brute force HTML generation using the traditional DATA STEP. This tends to be the most flexible, but the most time consuming and requires complete knowledge of how HTML works. FILE and PUT statements are used extensively. ",.1:1 ·111' ·, -",,11_; eet "Itd.a.flOO"" end=)C1 11 III 'c:'detanull.ht .. ,, ; If -"- I t"en ao; PU} :~~~:~.D~~: ::~.:-':1t::~~~~:;. -I' 'Col)', wndi ~t M * :~~. P~~':" !:.:~:~ I ~~T .. :;! ~~y ,:!:!: ~~~. ; run; x ·c='progra-I'ln1.rn-I"al(plora _ C ='ClI"anull.ht."; SAS Data Set Demograf from the Saved library |
proc step, proc print | 8 | |
| 123 | Version 9: Scaling the Future | Diane Olson, Robert S. Ray |
In Version 6, SAS introduced the SPDS (Scalable Performance Data Server) as a technology to exploit SMP (Symmetric Multi-Processor) hardware for speeding up data services. In Version 9, BASE SAS introduces the SAS Scalable Architecture (SSA). SSA makes parallel processing and partitioned 1/0 constructs available to the entire SAS System for the first time. What does that mean to you? It means that some elements of your jobs will take full advantage of SMP architectures to reduce time-to-solution for critical tasks. This paper presents an overview of this new strategy to improve your compute and I/O bound tasks, including specifics on how you may get a significant performance increase for your SAS jobs | proc step, proc sort, proc means, sas base, cpu time | 5 | |
| 124 | We Based Report Ordering Combined with Bas/SAS Mainframe Batch Processing | Andre Brainard | This paper presents a web-based on-demand report ordering system that uses UNIX System Services (USS) and WebSphere to update and report data stored on an IBM OS/390 mainframe. The business user issues a request from a desktop PC and gets the results delivered via e-mail and imbedded URL hyperlinks | proc step, batch processing | 5 | |
| 125 | Web-Application Bar Charts without SAS/GRAPH | Steve James | A picture is worth 1000 words it's said. And while that may be true, producing a picture Instead of words can sometimes be 1000 times more difficuH. That's particularly true if you're not familiar with SAS/GRAPH and Annotate. The Internet is a great medium for displaying graphics, but producing them can be troublesome. Anything that would make the task more simple would be welcomed. With creative uses of HTML tables and images, you can create a bar chart to display information without using SAS/GRAPH or Annotate. This paper describes how. Note: This paper assumes the reader has a working knowledge of HTML and SAS/LNTRNET |
bar chart, output delivery system, proc freq | 5 | |
| 126 | Web-Intelligence: A Primer | Donald J. Henderson, Ralph Mittl |
Web-Intelligence (also referred to as e Intelligence) is the application of business intelligence and analytics to data resulting from activity at a web site. Given the advent of e-commerce, such data is becoming very important to organizations as they strive to: Cl Understand who their customers and prospective customers are Cl Provide appropriate content to their web site customers Cl Leverage other information they have about customers and prospects from other channels Much attention is given to concepts like web-site personalization engines, click stream analysis, predictive modeling, web site optimization (the list goes on). In order to fully leverage this data, it is essential to have an understanding of what data are available and the types of questions that data can help answer. The next step is then to use a proper data warehouse platform to support the access, management and analysis of that data | data mining, data validation rules | 10 | |
| 127 | WebHound: Your Best Friend for Web Traffic Analysis | Dean Duncan, Frank C. Lieble, Sally M. Muller, Carol A. Martell |
resource allocation, capacity planning | 10 | ||
| 128 | What's Next? | Thomas J. Winn Jr. | Intended for attendees who have learned the material that was covered in the earlier presentations in the "Introduction to SAS" Section, this short paper concludes the Section by describing some recommendations for the next developmental steps which could be taken by beginning SAS programmers. The paper includes highlights of the follOwing topics: writing customized reports (PROC PRINT, DATA _NULL_, PROC TABULATE, & PROC REPORT), the SAS macro language, and PROC SQL. Recommendatlons for your next developmental steps Let us assume that one has learned the material which was covered in the earlier presentations in the SSU 2001 "Introduction to SAS· Section. Now, I would like to conclude this Section by describing some recommendations regarding the next developmental steps that could be taken by beginning SAS programmers. SpeCifically, I will include highlights of the following topiCS: Output Delivery System, customized report writing, using PROC |
proc step, proc report, proc tabulate, proc print, macro facility, macro definition, sas programmer, output delivery system, proc sql | 3 | |
| 129 | Who Needs To Know Program Syntax When You Have Enterprise Guide? | Destiny Corporation (a company) | sas enterprise guide, proc freq | 6 | ||
| 130 | XML and SAS: An Advanced Tutorial | Gregory S. Barnes Nelson | One of the goals for SAS applications developers has been to develop three-tier and n-tler applications where the application logic (business rules) Is separate from the data, which, In tum, Is Isolated from the user Interface. In a previous paper (Barnes Nelson, 1999)' we discussed how to Implement this logic separation using the SAS Component Language. This paper extends that line of thinking by Introducing SAS developers to XML. eXtensible Markup Language, or XML, Is a protocol of sorts that can be described as a technique for separating data from Its presentation. In this paper, we will discuss XML In the context of SAS applications and how It can be used In the preparation and presentation of data. We will explore some of the features of XML that makes It a good partner for SAS-based applications | dictionary tables, dataset, proc step, sas base, sas programmer | 10 |
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