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SESUG 1994 Papers - Index

71 papers. Source: SESUG (SouthEast SAS Users Group) conference proceedings.

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1 A Birdseye View of the Market: A Method of Organizing, Combining and Dissecting Your Data for Market Analysis C. Olivia Parr Rud loss ratio, sample, proc step, if-then-else 7
2 A Development Environment for Applications Based on SAS Software SAS Institute (a company) Data structures, design methodologies, and programming tools are the foundation components of an application development environment. This paper describes these components using a SAS software perspective. Specifically, the paper covers design methodologies, management of application components, preparation and maintenance of parallel test and production environments, and reusable code libraries. A sample SAS application that uses the described techniques concludes the paper libname statement, catalog, sample, dataset 4
3 A Genealogical Data Management Program Using the SAS System Richard D. Langston 9
4 A Health Care EIS Case Study Robert W. Phelps 5
5 A Macro to Convert SAS Data Sets into Lotus 123 Files H. Ian Whitlock missing value, macro definition, %if-%then-%else 2
6 A PPLICA liONS DEVELOPMENT David S. Focht Electronic data bases have become an integral portion of clinical trials and hence the drug development process. The medical review (mOnitoring) and validation of the data is time- consuming and expensive. Final analysis cannot be performed and no clinical trial, error message, data cleaning, macro variable, adverse events, concomitant medications 8
7 All About Maps Jay Jacob Wind proc step, proc gmap 9
8 All Roads Lead to DB2 Data via the SAS System Harmon L. Jolley proc sql, variable 3
9 An Introduction to SAS Macro H. Ian Whitlock macro variable, proc step, proc print, macro definition, macro conditional, call symput, macro facility, call execute, automatic variable 7
10 Another Sorting Technique for Large, Troublesome Datasets David Hopkins set statement, data step 2
11 APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT An Implementation of SASe in an Environmental Information System Teresa James This paper describes a software environmental database information system that uses SAS to ' process data and ORAClE as the relational database management system (RDBMS). ,The hardware includes a network ot UNIX-based servers and workstations. The relational database consists ot large tables containing environmental measurement data, as well as other smaller tables with reference, metadata and internal administrative information. The data come in a variety of formats and rrtlst be converted to conform to the system's standards. SASlACCESs* and PROC Sal are used extensively in the data processing key, constraint, data wrangling, foreign key, sample, proc step, dataset, proc sql, relational database, missing value, proc freq 6
12 APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT SAse Software: Tools for Managing Your Company Jerry J. Hosking SAS Institute prides itself on using ils own technology to run ils business. Several applications are discussed by the MIS programmers who support them; A variety of SAS software products, SASiAFe, SASlFspe, SASICAlC e , SASlENGUSHe, SASISHAREe,lMAGE Extensions to SASlGRAPH., and base SAse software, plus Screen Control Language are showcaaed by sample appIlcaIions in use at the Institute. TypicQI appIioaIIons are Application Strategic Online ServIces Institute Directory Account Management System CPA Application Budget Infonnation System Human Resouroes Information System OesaiptionlProduct(s) Highlighted Tracking and resolution of customer problems and requests. Objeokxlented programming techniques, SQL Prooedure, SASlAF, SASlFSP, and SASlSHARE aoftware Data aooess and visual representation, both as pictures and in hierarohlcal structures. IMAGE ExIerlslons to SASIGRAPH and 11
13 APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT Using SAS! AF FRAME Entries to Develop Client/Server Applications leffButler Internal Revenue proc sql, macro variable, proc step, dataset, sas log, group by, sas output, macro definition 6
14 APPLlCA liONS DEVELOPMENI TVA WorkForcePlanner The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the effective ness of the iterative development methodology using an actual enterprise-wlde application. The importance of a partnership between client and developer when creating an application such as this will also be dis cussed. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) had an imme diate need for a workforce planning system which would allow users to enter and analyze human resource forecasts. TVA, working in conjunction with SAS Con suRing Services Inc. (SCS), used the iterativedevel opment methodology to create and implement ver sion 1.0 of the WorkForcePlanner (WFP) system within six weeks. The iterative development approach al lowed TVAISCS to continue to create additional WFP modules at the same time the initial version was be ing used to enter forecast data. Since March 1993, subsequent system iterations have introduced new en hancements and modules to the application workforce analytics, sas base 4
15 Beyond Proc GLM A Statistician's Perspective of (some of) The Rest of the SAS System Clark K. Gaylord proc step, proc download, options statement, dataset, macro variable 5
16 Client! Server and SAS: End-user support in distributed environments Gregory S. Barnes Nelson The concept of Client/Server computing has established some very concrete ideas of what we should be able to expect from our computing environments in the very near future. SAS Institute has been responsive in incorporating, at least conceptually, tools which allow us to use SAS in ways consistent with those notions. This paper will look at implementation and management strategies in consulting with clients moving towards a distributed computing environment statistical software, sas consultant 9
17 Collating Printed Output from Multiple PROC Steps Howard L. Schreier proc step, by group processing, bar chart 3
18 Command Line Argument Processing: No Interface Required! Paul Dalberth User specifications often suggest that source code should be user-modifiable but should also shield the user from the specifics ofSASTM programming. Code in this class needs to be dynamic but may not justify the complexity of a full-blown user interface such as those provided by SASlAFTM or macro \vin.dows. Programmers can satistY these almost contradictory specifications by adding command line argument capability to source code. This paper will address the usefulness of command line arguments and some - though not all- OS· generic methods for processing them. Finally, the paper will include a SAS macro implementation of command line argument processing that loosely adheres to C language conventions. The Problem Help desk pmonnel notice a common thread in requests for assistance from the end-user COIDIInl1lity. Alternatively, a programmer realizes that she would like a "quick and dirty" application to provide a specific piece of information about a process or a database macro variable, proc sql, libname statement, select 2
19 Critical Steps to Meaningful Causal Data Analysis Deborah Wall Sophisticated statistical procedures aside, what are the fundamental, nece8SaIY steps to assuring that your data analysis will be meaningful, add value and achieve its proc step, predictor variable, proc freq, response variable, proc corr, causal inference, data science, proc univariate, logistic distribution, correlation, proc reg, gain chart 4
20 Cross Platform Data Warehouse Access, Documentation, and Shared Object Functionality Using the SAS System Thomas M. Skinner This paper will summariZe the methods used to successfully design and Implement a SAS based system for managing access to a corporate Data Warehouse distributed across an IBMD MVSlESA8 based DB28 and NCR" (Now AT&r-> UNIX SVR4· based S~base System 108 Rela tional Database Management Systems (RDBMS's). Topics include: Using the Metadata repository to generate SASJACCESS· Descrip tors, Views, and Source Entries; Incorporation of Naming standards and the inherent advan tage of these In a central library of data objects in promoting shared code objects; Migration and portability considerations; Technical Architecture considerations; and End User Interface and Training Issues proc step, data warehouse, proc sql, sas library, dataset 9
21 Cures for SAS Documentation Overload Syndrome Mimi Saffer SAS Institute keeps developing more great software products, and that means more and more pages of documentation. The good news is the Institute is offering altematives to the standard library to help you cut down on the amount of documentation you need. This presentation explains how new information products and new pub6shing melhods can reduce the strain on your back, your brain, and your bookshelf. Topics covered include abridged 3
22 Data About Data: An Introduction To Dictionary Views And Tables Frank C. Dilorio proc sql, proc step 3
23 Dating Tips for SAS Users Keith J. Brown sysdate9, date variable 3
24 Easy Host File Selection Via Dialog Box for the SAS System, Version 6.08, for Windows Randy C. Finch The $AS System, Version 6.08, for Windows provides no mechanism for easily selecting a host file using a selection list Window (standard SASlAr--method) or a dialog box (standard WmdoWs method). The Microsoft" Visual Basic"" Programming System for Windows (VB) provides a Common Dialog control that makes its very easy to add a Windows file seIactIon dialog box to a SASiAF application. A VB program that displays a file dialog box can be called from a SASJAF application. Aller selecting a file, the path and FILENAME are passed back to !he appIicaht"" a file on a hard disk or RAM drive. The path and FILENAME can then be used by the SASJAF application to access !he chosen host file. The SAS System, Version 6.10, for WIIIdoWs has buD! in commands for creating file dialog boxes dataset, error message 5
25 Forecasting Time Series Data with the SAS System for Information Delivery Andrew H. Karp time series analysis, proc step 3
26 Getting the Most From Your Host David F. Harris Remember the last time you ran out of disk space, memory, or time? As heavy-duty SAS8 programmers, we always relish the opportunity to push our system to the max, and with few exceptions, the 8SAS system itseH fosters this behavior/programming style. The insatiable appetite for resources leads to a rather unbecoming reputation among system capacity planners and administrators: The SAse system Is a hog. However, this is only part of the picture. With a little effort, SAse programmers can optimize not only their use of the system, but also the use of their own time. This paper explores some straightforward ideas, tips, and techniques for deciding how best to use your system without abusing yourself. Included in Part I of the presentation are a set of questions for determining when efficiency techniques are appropriate given the nature of the programming task, and a review of easy-to-use, often overlooked SAse efficiencies that are readily available proc step, cpu time 5
27 GRAPHICS CREATING POPULATION TREE CHARTS (USING SAS/GRAPH SOFlWARE) Robert E. Allison,
Moon W. Sub		 This paper describeS a SASe program that can be used to generate tree charts of US population data (or projections) to compare any year/sexJrace combination on the left side of the tree against any year/Sta~ace combination on the right side. The program utilized the following SAS procedures and functionality: PROC/GCHART HBAR, PROC/SQL, PROC/IRANSPOSE, and Macro Variables proc step, sample, proc sql 3
28 GRAPHICS SOME MEfHODS TO EXTEND SAS/GRAPH Paul L. Marsh proc step, sample, proc greplay, data step 9
29 GRAPHICS USING GRAPmCS TO CONVEY STATISTICAL CONCEPTS AND RESULTS David A. Dickey Many statistical ideas are nicely illustrated using SAS/GRAPH-. Results of experimental data can also be nicely conveyed using graphics. I will present an assortment of graphs relating to statistical analysis sample, regression analysis, confidence interval, standard deviation, normal distribution, logistic distribution, histogram 4
30 HOST SYSTEMS How to Talk to Yourself Without Moving Your Lips and Other Secrets of Successful Cross Platform This is not a how to paper, the market place is full of people Whose motto Is "Tell us what you want. we will sell you what we got, and you are too stupid to know the difference·. This paper will delve into the actual real world experience of a small IS department that took on the task of migrating all their proprietaJy appfications to the SAS syste/II and then changed hardware pJatforms, with the final transition being so smooth that it was "like this incredibly smooth thing." I don't know much, bull don't know much It might be helpful to have an understanding of the environment in which we work. We work for a small Joint Action Agency, where the number of duties for which we are rasponsibJe cause us to panic every lime we try to list them, so we don't. The area of responsibility on which we spend the least lime is perhaps the most imporIant. that of System Management and Mgralion proc step, data wrangling 3
31 HOST SYSTEMS SAS and C1ient/Server: An Approach Robert M. Ormsby This paper presents a methodology using the BAS System to implement a client/server application. It provides a definition of the term "client/server" and discusses when it may be appropriate to develop a client/server application. The paper begins by describing the application we developed for a national health insuranoe company. It goes on to illustrate our approach using pseudo code; it continues by implementing the pseudo code using base BAS, macro program statements, and BAS/CONNECT'" statements. The paper concludes by listing the advantages and disadvantages of.using the BAS System. :tntxocluction This paper considers an application to "be" client/server when it uses multiple processes to accomplish a task. The relationship of these processes is such that one process (the client) invokes another process (the server) to accomplish some task macro variable, proc download, proc step 4
32 How the American Statistical Association has Dealt with Certification Issues David W. Peterson This article recounts some of the initiatives undertaken by the American Statistical Association to decide whether it should offer certification to statisticians, and describes some of the features of the certification system under discussion. It also describes some of the arguments for and against certification that have been raised. It is suggested that this information may be helpful in addressing the issue of whether certification for SAS programmers is desirable sas programmer, sas programming 3
33 IDCAMS to SAS - The Parser Two-Step Andrew T. Kuligowski On occasion. one is given a Ink whic:h appears partly suited towards the SAS· System * and partly unworkable under it. This paper describeS an example of such a problem and the two-step technique choSen to overcome it. The first step us. IDCAMS as a tool to produoe an output listing, which is subsequently parsed and pro c essed by a sec:ond SAS step data step, dataset 2
34 Implementing Client/Server Applications in a Heterogeneous Platform Environment John McIntyre While client/server computing suggests to the casual observer a configuration of a personal computer connected to a "server" machine, to the system implementer it can be much more. Few enterprises find themselves in the position of designing their hardware architectures from "scratch". Rather, they more often are faced with implementing a distributed environment across a landscape of varied hardware and communication platforms. Selecting the proper platform for the execution of the logical segments of an application means knowing about the relative strengths and weaknesses of those platforms. This paper will review the requirements of the logical segments of applications, and compare those to the strengths of a variety of client and host based systems data warehouse, proc sql 9
35 Learning the Basics: Everything Your Professor Should Have Told You Veronica R. Walgamotte Most of us had our first introduction to SAS· from our statistics professor. He taught us just enough SAS to read the data into SAS data sets and run the STAT procedures. In other words, just enough to make us novice users. This tutorial intends to take the novice user one step beyond the basics. It will cover the KEEP = , DROP= and RENAME= options, the ELSE statement, the DO statement, the PUT statement, the INPUT and PUT functions, the WHERE= option, the OBS= and 1'1RSTOBS = options, the IN = option and, finally, the RUN statement put statement, if-then-else, rename statement, dataset, drop statement 7
36 Mailing Large PC SAS Files Via BITNET/INTERNET Samuel D. Calhoun The use of large PC SAS" files has been increasing at the Economic Research Service. Until recently the SAS trade data had to be broken down into smaller files for analysis. Due to changes in the trade agreements the need to do more bilateral trade research increased. This demand created larger PC SAS files. This made it more difficult to transport large SAS files from PC to PC or Mini to Mini. The BITNETnNTERNET" communication environment has eased the large PC SAS data transportability problems on our VMIMVS Mini computer. Since BlTNETnNTERNET is a form of electronic mailer, it can communicate directly to other users on the system and other MVS systems such a Universities and other government Agencies proc step, macro definition 2
37 Managing Overkill: How to Use SAS PROC CA TMOD to Estimate Odds Ratios Sigurd W. Hermansen Whtle the CATMOD procedure In SASISTAr' has powerful features, it can suffer from overkiO when appUed to relatiVely straightforward tasks. It offers too many choices of methods fer estimating categorical models, but too little control over each of the odds ratio, logistic distribution, proc step, estimate, logistic regression, regression analysis, confidence interval, proc logistic, proc freq, main effect, proc calis, sample, nominal variable, data step, binary variable, dataset, macro conditional 5
38 Mapping - a Strategy Stephen M. Noga proc gmap, proc step 6
39 MrPD - A SAS Software Application Using Desirability Functions For Optimization of Multiple Responses Walter T. Morgan MrPD (Multi-property Robust Product Design) is a SAS software application that implements the desirabilHy function technology of Deninger and Suich 1 for multiple response o~imization. Using the powerful capabilities of SAS Screen Control Language, the application leads the product developer through the optimization process to find the product configuration that provides the best balance of response values. MrPD combines regression models fit to individual responses with desirability functions to produce an overall desirability surface, with strong graphic capabilities to provide an intuitive feel for results. The maximum for overall desirability locates the optimum configuration. Extra features include capabilities to save regression models and desirability functions fitted, and the assignment of weights to responses to explore the impact of individual responses on the optimum configuration regression analysis, response variable, geomean, median 6
40 New Tricks for an Old Tool: Using Custom Formats for Data Validation and Program Efficiency S. David Riba PRoe FORMAT is one of the old standards among SAse Procedures, yet many programmers often fail to understand how custom formats can be used to improve their SAS programs. This paper win examine some ways user defined custom formats can be used for data validation, for developing more flexible SAS program code, and for other programming efficiency techniques. It will illustrate how the SAS programmer can avoid hard-coding conditional logic chains in a program, how data can be grouped for analysis, how the appearance of report output can be enhanced, and how SAS data can be recocled for more efficient storage. The paper will also review recent enhancements to PROe FORMAT such as eonttol data sets, format reports, and the abiUty to define and use format libraries proc format, proc step, user-defined format, dataset, if-then-else, input statement, data cleaning, sas programmer, character variable, missing value, where statement, sysdate9, format statement 8
41 Peer-to-Peer Networking: An Example Using SAS System for PCs and Microsoft Windows for Workgroups Pamela Campbell,
Donald Johnson,
Kathryn Olsen		 For years, we have developed sp,gm programs in a batch mode environment using IBM" mainframes over dial-Up lines and magnetic tape media, often through an intermediary milii-<:omputer. Data processing cos1s were substantial, and tumaround times were often agonizingly slow. Over the last two years, we have moved almost entirely to personal computers (PCs) running Microsoft Windows for Workgroups (WFW) and SAS System for PCS. WFW allows us to operate a peer-to-peer network over the same lines used for our Novell"' network. Even though our machines are state of the art with large disk drives, no one machine can contain all of our data. The peer-to-peer nature of our network, however, allows us to spread our data over many different PCS and even run SAS System for PCS from another staff member's machine. The end result has been a large decrease in data processing costs and turnaround time meesured In minutes instead of days dataset, filename statement 4
42 Performance Management from Desktop to Data Center Jeff Creech In keeping pace willi changing technologies as more systems become complex and diversified. lIIe enterprise faces a revo lution In user technologies and systems. The challenges facing the enterprise involve how to best manage changing computer resources as efficiently and effectively as possible. To answer the demand for reliable and cost-effective performance man agement tools, lIle SAS System oltars a repertoire of dis biOOted management tools for all hardware platforms. This pa per presents how easily SASlCPE (Computer Performance Evaluation) tools can readily acoess local and remote perfor mance management data through acustomizable graphical user interface'for perfcrmance analysts to access. manage, analyze and present system information, and tune system and network performance. What Is distributed performance management? Throughout the 1980$ and early 1990s, users of information technology have chosen a platform that best meets their needs from a price and performance standpoint capacity planning, macro put 4
43 POSTERS THE BENEFITS OF UTILIZING SAS/ACCESS TO ACCESS DIF Fll..ES George Matthews As an avid user of PROC DIF in PC SAS, I was somewhat dismayed, when I migrated to SAS for Windows, that this procedure would no longer be available. Although SAS Institute has since made this procedure available to licensed users of the SAS! ACCESS product, this paper takes a look at the benefits of utilizing the SASI ACCESS product to access dif files. The techniques for defining the access and view descriptors for dif files created with Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3 will be examined. Also, the flexibility of the descriptor files in comparison to the previous methods of accessing dif flies will be discussed 5
44 POSTERS Vote-Counting Method to Obtain an Estimate and Confidence Interval for the Population Correlation Coefficient Using SAS/Ar . Frank C. Lieble ill, SAS Institute Inc., Orlando, Florida Morgan C. Wang In today's infonnation age, scientific studies are being conducted at an exponential rate in areas such as psychology, pharmaceutics, and education. The meta analyst wants to combine these studies which investigate a common phenomenon into useful information. However, missing values pose a particularly difficult problem in meta-analysis. This paper will provide a solution, vote-counting procedures, to estimate the population correlation coefficient when some of the studies do not provide the information about the sample correlation coefficient SAS/AF was used in the development of an interactive application system for calculating and displaying the confidence interval for the population correlation coefficient sample, correlation, confidence interval, sample size 6
45 Printing in SAS under OS/2 or Windows: A Tutorial Jeffrey M. Abolafia options statement, sas output 7
46 PROC FORMAT - AN eMERGING ALTERNATIVE Melissa Garreans proc step, proc format 2
47 rOSTERS Applications in SASIIMLTM: Getting Odds Ratios from PROC LOGISTIC D. Kim Chantala One limitation ofPROC LOGISTIC is the inability to compute odds ratios for combinations of the parameters estimated by the MODEL statement. Certain versions of the SASTM System will give you the odds ratio for each parameter estimated, but not for the sum or difference of two of the parameters or a multiple of one of the parameter estimates. SASIIML was used to write a simple routine that solves this problem. Using the covariance matrix output data set from PROC LOGISTIC, this program estimates a user specified linear function of the parameters. Printed output includes: the estimate of the linear combination of the parameters the estimated standard error of the linear combination of the parameters the associated chi-square test statistic and p-value odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. The code for the program, instmctions for its use and all example are presented proc logistic, odds ratio, estimate, logistic distribution, proc step, covariance, confidence interval, proc calis, regression analysis 5
48 rurORIALS Paul Kent This talk discusses joining tables with PROC SQL. When joining small tables one can just "go with the defaults" and not worry about performance; thesedcfaults do not always sca!ewelltolarge tables. The issue is clouded even fmther when one or more of the tables reside in an external DBMS. Understanding the choices macic by the PROC SQL query optimiser helps people decide on a course of action they might embark on to improve the join performance of their queries. This talk presents useful information on the SQL Query Optimiser, and includes cases studies that demonstrate a "cookbook" strategy for improving SQL Join performance. Joins The conceptual model of an SQL join is easy to understand. Simply compute all combinations of the rows from the contrihuting datasets and then eliminate the rows that don't "match" the WHERE clause. This allows users to specify what they want in the SQL query, without becoming overly involved in how to get it proc sql, proc step, create table, where statement, cross join, create view, in=, data merging, unique key, macro variable 10
49 rurORIALS Christopher Toppe Let's face it: any report produced in the fixed space Courier font looks amateurish. And we all know that SAS output loves Courier and hates Times Roman or any other proportional, desktop publishing font. But that doesn't mean that you have to be the only one in your office who produces ugly reports. It is possible to create WordPerfect documents within SAS -- to imbed WordPerfect control codes for attributes like centering, bolding, underlining, and especially tabs. This allows you to go directly from SAS to WordPerfect, \'Iith all the desktop publishing capabilities of WordPerfect available for that SAS created document. The Secrets Creating a WordPerfect document from SAS is really straight forward once you know the secrets. They are listed below. ~ Start with a blank WordPerfect document A blank WordPerfect document is not empty. It contains all sorts of useful information in the header portion of the file proc step, proc printto, sas output 7
50 SAS 6.09 on a CONVEX C3840: First Impressions Kenneth A. Hardy,
Sally M. Muller		 The architecture of the CONVex 03 series of processors should offer memory address space, VO and computa1lonal speed advantages for running the SAS System. The University of North carolina at Chapel Hill has been an experimental and beta test site for the development of SAS 6.09 under COnvexOS" and has been running the production version of SAS 6.09 since January. 1994. This paper provides our initial Impressions of running version 6.09 on a CONVEX C3840 and compares it to SAS ruming on several other platforms on our campus proc step, elapsed time, missing value, cpu time, proc mixed, logistic distribution, proc reg, proc logistic, proc freq, dataset 8
51 SAS as the Information Systems Developers Tool Linda Ulla,
Paul Pocharcit		 This paper chronicles how a small (2 person) IS Departmenl has utilized SAS to produce a complete information delivery system. The general ledgar is the core of the Financial Managemenl and Reporting Systsm wi1h budgeting, fixed assets, payroll, journal wuchers, accounts payable, biUing and accounts receivable faeding Into it This paper wiD go into some datail as to how this syslBm was designed, along with other syslBms in our operation, using SAS. We will briefly raIaIia our experiences devIIIoping a SAS basad syslBm on one hardware platform and porting it to another proc step, ledger 2
52 SAS Macros for Sample Selection and Estimation N. I. Lyons,
K. Tam		 A collection of SAS macros for the selection of samples from finite populations is developed for most of the designs encountered in a typical course in survey sampling. The package also includes macros for estimation of means, totals, and proportions, for each of the designs, as well as for sample size determination and allocation. The macros are easy to use and to incorporate into other SAS programs. The package allows classroom demonstration of the significance of sampling error and error bounds, and allows students to compare the results of selecting samples under different sampling designs sample, macro variable, macro conditional, macro definition, proc calis, sample size, dataset, macro quoting function 4
53 SAS Under OS/2 The User's Perspective Andrew Parks SAS for OS/2 is one of the handful of 32-bit IqIplications available today. SAS Institute was one of the first software developers to write specifically for OSI2. Their first entty, Release 6.06, performed admirably under OSI2 versions 1.2 and 1.3, but like those releases of the operating system, it was only 16-bit. The introduction of the 32-bit version of the operating system, OS/2 2.0 (and more recently 2.1) and SAS Institute's 32-bit releases 6.08 and 6.10 for OSI2, made running SAS on an Intel-based desktop system much more appealing. Not only is performance excellent, but the multitasking capability and configuration options combine to produce a very workable operating environment dataset, proc step 9
54 SAS/OR Provides Best Use of Personnel Douglas L. McAllaster This paper provides an comprehensive introduction to one of the operations research tools in SAS/OR, PROC NETFLOW. Through an actual human resources appli cation, this paper demonstrates the optimization capabil ity of this powerful network: flow programming pr0ce dure proc step, dataset 6
55 SASe Macros used for Editing Survey Data Elinor Ciftan macro definition 1
56 SrATISIlCS Colored Candles proc freq, fisher exact test, sample, exact test 5
57 The SAS UNIX Primer: Some highlights from end-user documentation Gregory S. Barnes Nelson 2
58 The SAS-L Story - Around the Clock, Around the World... ...Virtually, SAS-L Andrew Parks,
Sally MuDer		 error message, sas programmer 6
59 The Utter Simplicity of the TABULATE Procedure Daniel E. Bruns proc step, proc tabulate, proc freq, sas base 7
60 The Virginia Higher Education Information System Dennis B. Catley Staff of the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia (SCHEY), Virginia's higher education coordinating board, and the Office of Institutional Research at Virginia Tech have developed an enterprise information system in a client/server environment. The system, using SAS, provides access to data and infonnation at the institution, state, and national levels. Data can be accessed from client PC's or mainframe sessions over established state and national networks. The Virginia Educational and Research Network (VERNet) provides the backbone within the state and access to the INTERNET. The model is flexible, providing users the ability to connect to and access data on a variety of computers and operating systems dataset, data warehouse 4
61 Tips and Techniques for the Telecommuting SAS User Orion V. Hanger This is the second in a series of two papers/posters to be presented in regards to issues, ideas and experiences with telecommuting as a primary means of doing one's job. As businesses tmn to telecommuting as a way to solve other operational problems, more and more users of the SAS System of Software (researchers, analysts and pro grammers) could very well find themselves as being likely candidates for telecommuting. With the availabil ity ofhighspeedphone lines, SAS software for OS/2, Windows, WindowsINT or UNIX and powerful desktop (even laptop) computers, a SAS user can easily perform much their wolk remotely from the business site. This paper presents a telecommuting user's experiences with using the SAS System for Windows to 'drive the information highway'. Some tips and techniques in re gards to the user interface, developing portable applica tions, uploading/downloading and remote processing are provided proc step, sas base 4
62 Tips For Easing Frequent Data Set Variable Modifications Randy C. Finch,
Muscle Shoals		 In a plant .--ch or production environment, many SA$" data sets COIIIairirQ operaIiar1III irIormation are generated. Even more data sets are generated as dally operational data are combined for analysis and reporting. In this environment, however, \here are typically many changes and additions made to the plant, requiring \he deletion of old IIlIIiabIes and \he addition of rtfNI variables in the data sets. Once the $AS piCiQlWl1S haw been changed, the new data sets can be operated on without problems. However, problems arise when using the fWfN programs with older data sets. For example, some procedures (e.g. PROe PRINT and PROe TIMEPlOT) Will abort with an error message If any of \he variables to be operated on do not exist in the data _. Therefore, not only is the programmer faced with having to modify all \he PROCEDURE CALIS In the reporting programs, he must also make sure that \he older data sets are up-to-date so that \hey can be used by \he procedures macro variable, proc step 4
63 Top 10 Reasons Why I Like Telecommuting Orion V. Hanger This is the first in a series of two papers/posters to be presented in regards to issues, ideas and experiences with telecommuting as a primary means of doing one's job. More and more computer based professionals and the businesses that employ them are turning to the potential of telecommuting as an alternative to additional office space, congested highways and wasted time. In addition, the growing 'Information Highways' provide businesses with a greater region from which they can build their workforce. In the next few years, more and more users of the SAS System of Software (researchers, analysts and programmers) could very well find themselves as being likely candidates for telecommuting based employment (indeed, many probably already have two offices: one at work and one at home). This paper provideS a general 5
64 TUTORIALS <II> Creating a user-Friendly Menu System without SASIAF * Robert F. Davis Because of budget constraints, many companies have chosen not to license the SAs<II> application fecllily (SASlAF) product. This makes creating a user-friendly menu system diffICult A rea· sonable facsimile of a user-friendly menu system can be created for most applications using Window Oisplay, Macro Language, PROe PMENU in SASlBASe<II>, PROe FSEOrr with Screen Con trol Language from SASlFSpCI!>, and SAS/SHARE<II>. However, this system will run slower than a similar system created with SASlAF. . PRoe PMENU is used as the basis for this system and creates the main and submenu definitions. Data steps and PROe FSEOrr With screen control language are called from the main or submenus to augment and enhance PROC PMENU's capabili· ties. Mecro Language is also used to simplify the menu process. Through special techniques, arguments from menu items selected by the user are passed to an application program for pre cessing, resulting in the final output of the application macro variable, call symput, proc step, batch job, catalog entry, proc sort, %if-%then-%else, macro definition, macro loop, if-then-else, sas output, macro quoting function 17
65 TUTORIALS Dictionary Tables And SASBELP Views: An Introductory Tutorial Nancy J. Michal dictionary tables, proc step, proc sql, dataset, proc contents, sas library, libname statement, catalog 4
66 Up to 50 x SAS Performance Gains on Large Data Volumes Using Scalable Parallel Computing Jesse Davis,
Helen Spade		 Turning large volumes of historical data into valuable information to support the decision making process of management is a growing need of corporations in the 90's. However, the ability to perform fast data reduction on large data volumes is limited by traditional computer systems which can ta1ce hours of CPU time and days of elapsed time to process multi-gigabyte datasets. This paper descnbes how one of my customers in the health care industty addressed the volume issue in health decision support processing and improved the end user's toolsets. The paper describes the problems encountered while ttying to achieve their business goals, and the hardware and software solution implemented to resolve these problems data science, elapsed time 6
67 User Training and Support Certifcation Panel sas programmer, sas programming 7
68 Using CALL RANUNI for Encrypting Identifier Fields H. Ian Whitlock macro definition, response variable 2
69 Using SAS/GRAPH to Generate State Metropolitan Area (MA) Maps Francis J. Kelley This paper describes a SAS macro which will generate all Metropolitan Areas (MA) in a state; it will include those portions of the MA which cross state boundaries as well. Several SAS/GRAPH OPTIONS (GOPTIONS) are set globally with macro variables, although defaults are provided wherever feasible. The data file used was TIGER/GICS 1V (Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing/Geographic Identification Code Scheme) provided by the (US) Bureau of the Census; several other Census mes provide similar information, and could be substituted proc step, macro variable, proc sort 8
70 Using SCL For Quality Control During Data Entry Philip J. d'Almada collaboration with the Indian Health Service (lHS), assisted the State of South Dakota to set up a systam for surveillance of Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). Battelle developed the FAS Applications Facility (FASAFI using SAS software for data entry from abstraction forms. Using FASAF, the data abstraction coordinator developed and maintained SAS relational data sets directly on lap-top personal computers running SAS 6.04 on MS-DOS. With Screen Control language (SCU, FASAF guards againat illogical responsas to sequential questions, and invalid entries to value-restricted data entry fields. SCl was also used to (i) compute on-screen summarizations, (iii pass case identification numbers throughout the database, (iii) open 'help' windows when necessary. and rov) provide warning messages and data entry instructions. Production of an accurate and precise database contributed to the purposes of surveillance, that is, intervention, prevention and case management quality control, dataset, call symput, data cleaning 7
71 Using the SAS System for Real-Time Data Collection Philip James Busby dataset, bufsize 7

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